Table of Contents
Chapter 01 : Introduction to Personality Theory
Chapter 02 : Freud: Psychoanalysis
Chapter 03 : Adler: Individual Psychology
Chapter 04 : Jung: Analytical Psychology
Chapter 05 : Klein: Object Relations Theory
Chapter 06 : Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory
Chapter 07 : Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis
Chapter 08 : Sullivan: Interpersonal Theory
Chapter 09 : Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory
Chapter 10 : Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory
Chapter 11 : Rogers: Person-Centered Theory
Chapter 12 : May: Existential Psychology
Chapter 13 : Allport: Psychology of the Individual
Chapter 14 : Eysenck, McCrae, and Costa’s Factor and Trait Theories
Chapter 15 : Skinner: Behavioral Analysis
Chapter 16 : Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory
Chapter 17 : Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory
Chapter 18 : Kelly: Psychology of Personal Constructs
,Chapter 01 – Introduction to Personality Theory
Multiple Choice
4. The word personality comes from the Latin word “persona,” meaning
a. that which one truly is.
b. the evil side of people.
c. theatrical mask.
d. soul.
Answer: c
5. Psychologists generally agree that personality
a. refers mostly to surface traits.
b. is largely inherited.
c. can be explained by several different theories.
d. can best be explained by a single theory.
Answer: c
6. The word “theory” is most closely associated with
a. philosophy.
b. science.
c. armchair speculation.
d. taxonomy.
Answer: b
7. Theories are built primarily on
a. scientific observations.
b. philosophical speculation.
c. unique definitions of terms.
d. sociological models.
Answer: a
8. A set of related assumptions from which, by logical deductive reasoning, testable hypotheses can be
drawn is
a. a philosophy.
b. the definition of theory.
c. the definition of taxonomy.
d. an armchair speculation.
Answer: b
9. Statements formed in an if-then framework are most likely
a. taxonomies.
b. philosophies.
c. theories.
d. definitions of personality.
Answer: c
10. What is the proper place of theory within science?
a. Theories enable scientists to know how they should live their lives.
b. Theories are tools used by scientists to give meaning to observations.
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, c. Theory building is the ultimate aim of science.
d. Theories play no role in scientific pursuits.
Answer: b
11. Which statement best characterizes the relationship between a theory and a hypothesis?
a. A theory is narrower than a hypothesis.
b. A theory is directly verifiable, a hypothesis is not.
c. A theory is logically deduced from a specific hypothesis.
d. A theory may generate one or more hypotheses.
Answer: d
12. An educated guess that can be scientifically tested is a definition of
a. theory.
b. hypothesis.
c. philosophy.
d. taxonomy.
Answer: b
13. A taxonomy is best defined as
a. an educated guess.
b. a set of if-then statements.
c. the study of the nature of reality.
d. a classification system.
Answer: d
14. The basic data of science are
a. observations.
b. facts.
c. theories.
d. hypotheses.
Answer: a
15. What is the relationship between theory and observation?
a. They are mutually exclusive.
b. Several theories make up an observation.
c. Several observations make up a theory.
d. There is a mutual and dynamic interaction between them.
Answer: d
16. A theory may be set aside when it
a. generates testable hypotheses.
b. explains a set of observations.
c. is proven by experimentation.
d. loses its usefulness.
Answer: d
17. The ultimate value of any theory depends on its
a. usefulness.
b. truthfulness.
c. reliability.
d. simplicity.
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, Answer: a
18. The personalities, cognitive processes, developmental histories, and social experiences of personality
theorists help shape their theories. The discipline that deals with these factors is called
a. personology.
b. psychology.
c. sociology.
d. the psychology of science.
e. psychobiology.
Answer: d
19. According to the authors of the text, personality theories
a. are former principles that have been proven true.
b. originate from the historical, social, and psychological world of their originators.
c. are useful tools of science to the extent that they are value free.
d. should not be open to falsification.
Answer: b
20. Descriptive research
a. is designed to test hypotheses.
b. contributes to expanding a theory.
c. is that which uses an experimental design.
d. is expressed by if-then statements.
Answer: b
21. The two MOST important functions of a theory are its
a. internal consistency and accuracy.
b. logic and its consistency with established theories.
c. ability to generate research and organize observations.
d. ability to be proven true and to become a doctrine.
Answer: c
22. A useful theory must be falsifiable, which means that
a. it will eventually be proven false.
b. it must be precise enough to suggest research that may either support or fail to support its
major tenets.
c. it should be flexible enough to encompass opposing data into its framework.
d. it must be either true or false.
Answer: b
23. Which of these is NOT a function of a useful theory?
a. It will generate research.
b. It will be consistent with one’s philosophy of life.
c. It organizes observations.
d. It serves as a guide to action.
Answer: b
24. Which statement is most nearly true?
a. A theory can be a practical guide for a psychotherapist.
b. Theory and practice are mutually exclusive.
c. Other things being equal, the more complex a theory. the better.
d. A good theory gives opposing answers to a single question.
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Chapter 01 : Introduction to Personality Theory
Chapter 02 : Freud: Psychoanalysis
Chapter 03 : Adler: Individual Psychology
Chapter 04 : Jung: Analytical Psychology
Chapter 05 : Klein: Object Relations Theory
Chapter 06 : Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory
Chapter 07 : Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis
Chapter 08 : Sullivan: Interpersonal Theory
Chapter 09 : Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory
Chapter 10 : Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory
Chapter 11 : Rogers: Person-Centered Theory
Chapter 12 : May: Existential Psychology
Chapter 13 : Allport: Psychology of the Individual
Chapter 14 : Eysenck, McCrae, and Costa’s Factor and Trait Theories
Chapter 15 : Skinner: Behavioral Analysis
Chapter 16 : Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory
Chapter 17 : Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory
Chapter 18 : Kelly: Psychology of Personal Constructs
,Chapter 01 – Introduction to Personality Theory
Multiple Choice
4. The word personality comes from the Latin word “persona,” meaning
a. that which one truly is.
b. the evil side of people.
c. theatrical mask.
d. soul.
Answer: c
5. Psychologists generally agree that personality
a. refers mostly to surface traits.
b. is largely inherited.
c. can be explained by several different theories.
d. can best be explained by a single theory.
Answer: c
6. The word “theory” is most closely associated with
a. philosophy.
b. science.
c. armchair speculation.
d. taxonomy.
Answer: b
7. Theories are built primarily on
a. scientific observations.
b. philosophical speculation.
c. unique definitions of terms.
d. sociological models.
Answer: a
8. A set of related assumptions from which, by logical deductive reasoning, testable hypotheses can be
drawn is
a. a philosophy.
b. the definition of theory.
c. the definition of taxonomy.
d. an armchair speculation.
Answer: b
9. Statements formed in an if-then framework are most likely
a. taxonomies.
b. philosophies.
c. theories.
d. definitions of personality.
Answer: c
10. What is the proper place of theory within science?
a. Theories enable scientists to know how they should live their lives.
b. Theories are tools used by scientists to give meaning to observations.
1
, c. Theory building is the ultimate aim of science.
d. Theories play no role in scientific pursuits.
Answer: b
11. Which statement best characterizes the relationship between a theory and a hypothesis?
a. A theory is narrower than a hypothesis.
b. A theory is directly verifiable, a hypothesis is not.
c. A theory is logically deduced from a specific hypothesis.
d. A theory may generate one or more hypotheses.
Answer: d
12. An educated guess that can be scientifically tested is a definition of
a. theory.
b. hypothesis.
c. philosophy.
d. taxonomy.
Answer: b
13. A taxonomy is best defined as
a. an educated guess.
b. a set of if-then statements.
c. the study of the nature of reality.
d. a classification system.
Answer: d
14. The basic data of science are
a. observations.
b. facts.
c. theories.
d. hypotheses.
Answer: a
15. What is the relationship between theory and observation?
a. They are mutually exclusive.
b. Several theories make up an observation.
c. Several observations make up a theory.
d. There is a mutual and dynamic interaction between them.
Answer: d
16. A theory may be set aside when it
a. generates testable hypotheses.
b. explains a set of observations.
c. is proven by experimentation.
d. loses its usefulness.
Answer: d
17. The ultimate value of any theory depends on its
a. usefulness.
b. truthfulness.
c. reliability.
d. simplicity.
2
, Answer: a
18. The personalities, cognitive processes, developmental histories, and social experiences of personality
theorists help shape their theories. The discipline that deals with these factors is called
a. personology.
b. psychology.
c. sociology.
d. the psychology of science.
e. psychobiology.
Answer: d
19. According to the authors of the text, personality theories
a. are former principles that have been proven true.
b. originate from the historical, social, and psychological world of their originators.
c. are useful tools of science to the extent that they are value free.
d. should not be open to falsification.
Answer: b
20. Descriptive research
a. is designed to test hypotheses.
b. contributes to expanding a theory.
c. is that which uses an experimental design.
d. is expressed by if-then statements.
Answer: b
21. The two MOST important functions of a theory are its
a. internal consistency and accuracy.
b. logic and its consistency with established theories.
c. ability to generate research and organize observations.
d. ability to be proven true and to become a doctrine.
Answer: c
22. A useful theory must be falsifiable, which means that
a. it will eventually be proven false.
b. it must be precise enough to suggest research that may either support or fail to support its
major tenets.
c. it should be flexible enough to encompass opposing data into its framework.
d. it must be either true or false.
Answer: b
23. Which of these is NOT a function of a useful theory?
a. It will generate research.
b. It will be consistent with one’s philosophy of life.
c. It organizes observations.
d. It serves as a guide to action.
Answer: b
24. Which statement is most nearly true?
a. A theory can be a practical guide for a psychotherapist.
b. Theory and practice are mutually exclusive.
c. Other things being equal, the more complex a theory. the better.
d. A good theory gives opposing answers to a single question.
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