NSG2113 - Culture and Indigenous Health
(week 7) UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is racism? - CORRECT ANSWER - cultural and structural system that places value
and gives opportunities to an individual based on their race
What is expected from nurses in terms of racism? - CORRECT ANSWER - That we
maintain an attitude of professionalism and challenge any overt discrimination that we
see/experience in the workplace
Why is racism in health care hard to manage? - CORRECT ANSWER - We are often not
aware that it is happening
What is culture? - CORRECT ANSWER - Shared patterns of learned values and
behaviours that are transmitted over time and that distinguish the members of one group from
another, including language, ethnicity, spiritual and religious beliefs, socioeconomic class,
gender, sexual orientation, age, group history, geographic origin, education, and childhood/life
experiences
Recent definitions of culture focus less on... and more on... - CORRECT ANSWER -
membership within a specific ethnic or racial group but rather on differences or shared
experiences meaning
Culture needs to be looked at from.... (what perspective?) - CORRECT ANSWER - An
individual patient basis; although they are part of a group that shares culture, there may be
individual differences
What is multiculturalism? - CORRECT ANSWER - when many cultures co-exist in
society and maintain their cultural differences
,What is the "iceberg model" of culture? - CORRECT ANSWER - Represents that culture
has more deep meaning than what we see; surface culture includes what can be observed - food,
music, clothing, whereas deep culture includes communication style and rules, manners,
attitudes, approaches, important concepts
What is culturally competent care? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nursing care is delivered
based on knowledge of client's heritages, beliefs, and attitudes
How does a nurse achieve culturally competent care? - CORRECT ANSWER - By being
flexible, sensitive, and open in their approach to working with clients
What are the two main BPG for cultural diversity in healthcare? - CORRECT ANSWER -
self awareness and communication differences
Describe how to achieve self-awareness - CORRECT ANSWER - healthcare workers must
acknowledge their own beliefs and values, reflect on any biases they may have, be inclusive,
value differences and call out racism
Describe how to overcome communication differences - CORRECT ANSWER - do not
make assumptions, be curious, ask for clarification
What has been consistently identified as barriers to the development of genuine relationships
between nurses and clients? - CORRECT ANSWER - language and cultural differences
What is cultural imposition? - CORRECT ANSWER - imposing one's culture on another
person, and viewing one's way of life to be more valuable or important
Cultural imposition leads to... - CORRECT ANSWER - misinterpretation of patients
behaviours and ways service is provided
What are the 3 steps to cultural safety? - CORRECT ANSWER - cultural awareness -
understanding that there is a difference between cultures, what makes up culture
, cultural sensitivity - alerts the nurses of the legitimacy of difference and begins a process of self-
exploration
cultural safety - an outcome of nursing education that enables safe service to be defined by those
who receive the service
What are the CNO assumptions of cultural safety? - CORRECT ANSWER - everyone has
a culture that is individual, influenced by many factors, and dynamic
reactions to culture are often automatic and subconscious
culture is influenced by personal and professional values
the nurse is responsible for assessing and responding to the client's cultural expectations and
needs
What is cultural humility? - CORRECT ANSWER - is a process of self-reflection to
understand personal and systemic biases and to develop and maintain respectful processes and
relationships based on mutual trust; involves humbly acknowledging oneself as a learner when it
comes to understanding another's experience
How do you practice cultural humility? - CORRECT ANSWER - ASSESS
Ask questions in a humble, safe manner
Seek self-awareness
Suspend judgement
Express kindness and compassion
Support a safe and welcoming environment
Start where the patient is at
What is the difference between cultural competence and cultural humility? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Competence implies a discrete end point whereas cultural humility is a
commitment for active engagement in a process of lifelong learning
What is the average age of the indigenous population? - CORRECT ANSWER - 32.1 years
old, a decade younger than the non-indigenous population
(week 7) UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is racism? - CORRECT ANSWER - cultural and structural system that places value
and gives opportunities to an individual based on their race
What is expected from nurses in terms of racism? - CORRECT ANSWER - That we
maintain an attitude of professionalism and challenge any overt discrimination that we
see/experience in the workplace
Why is racism in health care hard to manage? - CORRECT ANSWER - We are often not
aware that it is happening
What is culture? - CORRECT ANSWER - Shared patterns of learned values and
behaviours that are transmitted over time and that distinguish the members of one group from
another, including language, ethnicity, spiritual and religious beliefs, socioeconomic class,
gender, sexual orientation, age, group history, geographic origin, education, and childhood/life
experiences
Recent definitions of culture focus less on... and more on... - CORRECT ANSWER -
membership within a specific ethnic or racial group but rather on differences or shared
experiences meaning
Culture needs to be looked at from.... (what perspective?) - CORRECT ANSWER - An
individual patient basis; although they are part of a group that shares culture, there may be
individual differences
What is multiculturalism? - CORRECT ANSWER - when many cultures co-exist in
society and maintain their cultural differences
,What is the "iceberg model" of culture? - CORRECT ANSWER - Represents that culture
has more deep meaning than what we see; surface culture includes what can be observed - food,
music, clothing, whereas deep culture includes communication style and rules, manners,
attitudes, approaches, important concepts
What is culturally competent care? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nursing care is delivered
based on knowledge of client's heritages, beliefs, and attitudes
How does a nurse achieve culturally competent care? - CORRECT ANSWER - By being
flexible, sensitive, and open in their approach to working with clients
What are the two main BPG for cultural diversity in healthcare? - CORRECT ANSWER -
self awareness and communication differences
Describe how to achieve self-awareness - CORRECT ANSWER - healthcare workers must
acknowledge their own beliefs and values, reflect on any biases they may have, be inclusive,
value differences and call out racism
Describe how to overcome communication differences - CORRECT ANSWER - do not
make assumptions, be curious, ask for clarification
What has been consistently identified as barriers to the development of genuine relationships
between nurses and clients? - CORRECT ANSWER - language and cultural differences
What is cultural imposition? - CORRECT ANSWER - imposing one's culture on another
person, and viewing one's way of life to be more valuable or important
Cultural imposition leads to... - CORRECT ANSWER - misinterpretation of patients
behaviours and ways service is provided
What are the 3 steps to cultural safety? - CORRECT ANSWER - cultural awareness -
understanding that there is a difference between cultures, what makes up culture
, cultural sensitivity - alerts the nurses of the legitimacy of difference and begins a process of self-
exploration
cultural safety - an outcome of nursing education that enables safe service to be defined by those
who receive the service
What are the CNO assumptions of cultural safety? - CORRECT ANSWER - everyone has
a culture that is individual, influenced by many factors, and dynamic
reactions to culture are often automatic and subconscious
culture is influenced by personal and professional values
the nurse is responsible for assessing and responding to the client's cultural expectations and
needs
What is cultural humility? - CORRECT ANSWER - is a process of self-reflection to
understand personal and systemic biases and to develop and maintain respectful processes and
relationships based on mutual trust; involves humbly acknowledging oneself as a learner when it
comes to understanding another's experience
How do you practice cultural humility? - CORRECT ANSWER - ASSESS
Ask questions in a humble, safe manner
Seek self-awareness
Suspend judgement
Express kindness and compassion
Support a safe and welcoming environment
Start where the patient is at
What is the difference between cultural competence and cultural humility? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Competence implies a discrete end point whereas cultural humility is a
commitment for active engagement in a process of lifelong learning
What is the average age of the indigenous population? - CORRECT ANSWER - 32.1 years
old, a decade younger than the non-indigenous population
