HESI RN EXAM WITH A+ GRADED
ANSWERS AND DETAILED RATIONALES
What in students is being assessed when a school nurse conducts audiometric
screenings?
Multiple choice question
Hearing acuity
Sensorineural hearing loss
Auditory processing deficits
Hearing problems caused by wax ✔️✔️Audiometric screening permits assessment of
hearing ability. It does not pinpoint the type of hearing loss. Processing deficits may
occur without hearing deficits. Audiometric testing cannot identify hearing problems
caused by an accumulation of earwax, although this type of hearing loss is possible.
hearing acuity
What is the role of shark cartilage in the management of human immunodeficiency
(HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
Multiple choice question
Shark cartilage enhances immunity
Shark cartilage reduces oral thrush
Shark cartilage is a complementary therapy
Shark cartilage is a nutritional supplement ✔️✔️Shark cartilage is considered as an
alternative or complementary therapy to prescribed medications for clients with HIV and
AIDS. Lymphocyte transfusions and bone marrow transplants are used to improve
immunity in clients with HIV and AIDS. Lemon juice and lemongrass may provide relief
from oral thrush in some clients with HIV and AIDS. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is
advised to clients with HIV and AIDS to improve their nutritional status.
What is a common characteristic of Sjögren's syndrome (SS)?
Multiple choice question
Dry eyes
,Muscle cramping
Urinary tract infection
Elevated blood pressure ✔️✔️Dry eyes
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a group of problems that often appear with other
autoimmune disorders. Problems include dry eyes, which are caused by autoimmune
destruction of the lacrimal glands. Muscle cramping, urinary tract infection, and elevated
blood pressure are not common characteristics of Sjögren's syndrome (SS).
In Sjogren's syndrome, the mucous membranes and moisture-secreting glands of your
eyes and mouth are usually affected first — resulting in decreased tears and saliva.
The nurse is creating a discharge teaching plan for a client who had a subtotal
gastrectomy. The nurse should include what instructions about minimizing dumping
syndrome?
Multiple selection question
Drink fluids with meals.
Eat small, frequent meals.
Lie down for one hour after eating.
Chew food five times before swallowing.
Select foods that are low in fiber. ✔️✔️Eat small, frequent meals.
Lie down for one hour after eating.
Small, frequent meals keep the volume within the stomach to a minimum at any one
time, limiting dumping syndrome. Lying down delays emptying of the stomach contents,
which will limit dumping syndrome. Fluids should be taken between meals to decrease
the volume within the stomach at one time. Dumping syndrome occurs after eating
because of the rapid movement of food into the jejunum without the usual digestive
mixing in the stomach and processing in the duodenum. Chewing a set number of times
before swallowing is not pertinent to solving this problem.
- High fiber, complex carbohydrates, moderate fats, and high protein in small, frequent
meals are recommended to prevent dumping syndrome.
A client who is 28 weeks into her second pregnancy is experiencing increased edema in
the lower extremities. The nurse advises rest with the legs elevated and provides
dietary instructions. What other advice should the nurse provide?
Multiple choice question
,The preferred diet will include favorite foods.
A nutritionist should be involved in planning a diet.
The selected foods do not need to have a low salt content.
The client should consult the healthcare provider at the prenatal clinic. ✔️✔️The
selected foods do not need to have a low salt content.
Dependent edema is common during the last trimester; there is no need to lower the
salt content of the client's diet. Teaching should be based on optimal nutrition, as well
as the caloric content of the diet. Not all preferences can be included; the diet should
include a normal sodium and high protein intake and sufficient calories. Immediate
planning based on the nurse's knowledge of dietary needs is sufficient. Unless there is
reason to believe that a need for medical intervention exists, the nurse may discuss
care related to human responses.
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Which assessment is priority?
Multiple choice question
Urinary output
Sensation to touch
Neurologic status
Respiratory exchange ✔️✔️Respiratory exchange
Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare but serious autoimmune disorder in which the immune
system attacks healthy nerve cells in your peripheral nervous system. This leads to
weakness, numbness, and tingling. It can eventually cause paralysis.
The respiratory center in the medulla oblongata can be affected with acute Guillain-
Barré syndrome because the ascending paralysis can reach the diaphragm, leading to
death from respiratory failure. Although urinary output, sensation to touch, and
neurologic status are important, none of them are the priority.
After the nurse has completed an oral examination of a healthy 2-year-old child, the
parent asks when the child should first be taken to the dentist. What is the best
response by the nurse?
Multiple choice question
Before starting school
, Within the next few months
When the first deciduous teeth are lost
The next time a family member visits the dentist ✔️✔️Within the next few months
The child should be taken to the dentist between 2 and 3 years of age, when most of
the 20 deciduous teeth have erupted. Before the child starts school and when the first
deciduous teeth are lost are both too late. The suggestion that the child come to the
dentist the next time a family member visits the dentist is too indefinite.
The nurse leader noticed that the staff nurse recently promoted to the surgical unit is
lacking confidence at work and is worried about a pending review by the nursing
director. Which source of power is applicable in this situation?
Multiple choice question
Reward power
Coercive power
Referent power
Connection powe ✔️✔️Coercive power
Coercive power stems from a real or perceived fear of another person. Reward power is
perceived as being able to provide rewards or favors. Association with a powerful
person grants referent power. Association with people who are powerful or who have
links to powerful people gains connection power.
A client is prescribed the benzodiazepine alprazolam for the management of panic
attacks. The nurse is confident that the medication information discussed has been
understood when the client takes which action?
Multiple choice question
Removes the pepperoni from a pizza
Asks for an extra bottle of flavored water to drink with dinner
Requests a prescription for oral birth control before being discharged
States that chewable antacids may be taken to relieve heartburn ✔️✔️Requests a
prescription for oral birth control before being discharged
Benzodiazepines increase the risk of congenital anomalies and so should not be taken
by pregnant women. Refraining from eating pepperoni is appropriate for people taking
ANSWERS AND DETAILED RATIONALES
What in students is being assessed when a school nurse conducts audiometric
screenings?
Multiple choice question
Hearing acuity
Sensorineural hearing loss
Auditory processing deficits
Hearing problems caused by wax ✔️✔️Audiometric screening permits assessment of
hearing ability. It does not pinpoint the type of hearing loss. Processing deficits may
occur without hearing deficits. Audiometric testing cannot identify hearing problems
caused by an accumulation of earwax, although this type of hearing loss is possible.
hearing acuity
What is the role of shark cartilage in the management of human immunodeficiency
(HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
Multiple choice question
Shark cartilage enhances immunity
Shark cartilage reduces oral thrush
Shark cartilage is a complementary therapy
Shark cartilage is a nutritional supplement ✔️✔️Shark cartilage is considered as an
alternative or complementary therapy to prescribed medications for clients with HIV and
AIDS. Lymphocyte transfusions and bone marrow transplants are used to improve
immunity in clients with HIV and AIDS. Lemon juice and lemongrass may provide relief
from oral thrush in some clients with HIV and AIDS. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is
advised to clients with HIV and AIDS to improve their nutritional status.
What is a common characteristic of Sjögren's syndrome (SS)?
Multiple choice question
Dry eyes
,Muscle cramping
Urinary tract infection
Elevated blood pressure ✔️✔️Dry eyes
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a group of problems that often appear with other
autoimmune disorders. Problems include dry eyes, which are caused by autoimmune
destruction of the lacrimal glands. Muscle cramping, urinary tract infection, and elevated
blood pressure are not common characteristics of Sjögren's syndrome (SS).
In Sjogren's syndrome, the mucous membranes and moisture-secreting glands of your
eyes and mouth are usually affected first — resulting in decreased tears and saliva.
The nurse is creating a discharge teaching plan for a client who had a subtotal
gastrectomy. The nurse should include what instructions about minimizing dumping
syndrome?
Multiple selection question
Drink fluids with meals.
Eat small, frequent meals.
Lie down for one hour after eating.
Chew food five times before swallowing.
Select foods that are low in fiber. ✔️✔️Eat small, frequent meals.
Lie down for one hour after eating.
Small, frequent meals keep the volume within the stomach to a minimum at any one
time, limiting dumping syndrome. Lying down delays emptying of the stomach contents,
which will limit dumping syndrome. Fluids should be taken between meals to decrease
the volume within the stomach at one time. Dumping syndrome occurs after eating
because of the rapid movement of food into the jejunum without the usual digestive
mixing in the stomach and processing in the duodenum. Chewing a set number of times
before swallowing is not pertinent to solving this problem.
- High fiber, complex carbohydrates, moderate fats, and high protein in small, frequent
meals are recommended to prevent dumping syndrome.
A client who is 28 weeks into her second pregnancy is experiencing increased edema in
the lower extremities. The nurse advises rest with the legs elevated and provides
dietary instructions. What other advice should the nurse provide?
Multiple choice question
,The preferred diet will include favorite foods.
A nutritionist should be involved in planning a diet.
The selected foods do not need to have a low salt content.
The client should consult the healthcare provider at the prenatal clinic. ✔️✔️The
selected foods do not need to have a low salt content.
Dependent edema is common during the last trimester; there is no need to lower the
salt content of the client's diet. Teaching should be based on optimal nutrition, as well
as the caloric content of the diet. Not all preferences can be included; the diet should
include a normal sodium and high protein intake and sufficient calories. Immediate
planning based on the nurse's knowledge of dietary needs is sufficient. Unless there is
reason to believe that a need for medical intervention exists, the nurse may discuss
care related to human responses.
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Which assessment is priority?
Multiple choice question
Urinary output
Sensation to touch
Neurologic status
Respiratory exchange ✔️✔️Respiratory exchange
Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare but serious autoimmune disorder in which the immune
system attacks healthy nerve cells in your peripheral nervous system. This leads to
weakness, numbness, and tingling. It can eventually cause paralysis.
The respiratory center in the medulla oblongata can be affected with acute Guillain-
Barré syndrome because the ascending paralysis can reach the diaphragm, leading to
death from respiratory failure. Although urinary output, sensation to touch, and
neurologic status are important, none of them are the priority.
After the nurse has completed an oral examination of a healthy 2-year-old child, the
parent asks when the child should first be taken to the dentist. What is the best
response by the nurse?
Multiple choice question
Before starting school
, Within the next few months
When the first deciduous teeth are lost
The next time a family member visits the dentist ✔️✔️Within the next few months
The child should be taken to the dentist between 2 and 3 years of age, when most of
the 20 deciduous teeth have erupted. Before the child starts school and when the first
deciduous teeth are lost are both too late. The suggestion that the child come to the
dentist the next time a family member visits the dentist is too indefinite.
The nurse leader noticed that the staff nurse recently promoted to the surgical unit is
lacking confidence at work and is worried about a pending review by the nursing
director. Which source of power is applicable in this situation?
Multiple choice question
Reward power
Coercive power
Referent power
Connection powe ✔️✔️Coercive power
Coercive power stems from a real or perceived fear of another person. Reward power is
perceived as being able to provide rewards or favors. Association with a powerful
person grants referent power. Association with people who are powerful or who have
links to powerful people gains connection power.
A client is prescribed the benzodiazepine alprazolam for the management of panic
attacks. The nurse is confident that the medication information discussed has been
understood when the client takes which action?
Multiple choice question
Removes the pepperoni from a pizza
Asks for an extra bottle of flavored water to drink with dinner
Requests a prescription for oral birth control before being discharged
States that chewable antacids may be taken to relieve heartburn ✔️✔️Requests a
prescription for oral birth control before being discharged
Benzodiazepines increase the risk of congenital anomalies and so should not be taken
by pregnant women. Refraining from eating pepperoni is appropriate for people taking
