NURS 231 Pathophys Module 5 questions with verified
answers
Be familiar with the causes and manifestations of respiratory acidosis in Table 5.4.
Ans✓✓✓ 1. Causes:
- Depression of respiratory center
- lung disease
- airway obstruction
- disorders of chest wall and respiratory muscles
- breathing air with high CO2 content
2. Manifestations:
- Blood pH decrease,
- Partial pressure of CO2 increased ,
- Bicarbonate increase
- vasodilation, Headache, weakness, confusion, depression, paranoia, skin warm
and flushed, acidic urine
Be familiar with the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory
acidosis. Ans✓✓✓ Clinical presentation: since CO2 crosses blood brain barrier—
it causes vasodilation and Headache, weakness, confusion, depression, paranoia,
skin warm and flushed, acidic urine
Diagnosis: pH below 7.35, and Partial pressure of CO2 above 45mmHg.
Treatment: Aimed at improving ventilation
, Be familiar with the conditions that can cause ARDS in Table 5.3. Ans✓✓✓ 1.
Aspiration
2. drugs, toxins, therapeutic agents
3. infection
4. trauma and shock
5. disseminated intravascular coagulation
6. multiple blood transfusions
Be familiar with the disease pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and
treatment of ARDS. Ans✓✓✓ 1. pathology
- due to pathologic lung changes the lungs stiffen and breathing becomes difficult
2. clinical presentation
- rapid onset of respiratory distress (12-15 hours after trigger event)
- increase respiratory rate, signs of respiratory failure
- hypoxemia occurs and with multiple organ failure.
3. diagnosis
- chest x ray shows lung "white out" from fluid with normal cardiac function.
4. treatment
- o2 and ventilator support
Be familiar with the disease pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and
treatment of COPD. Ans✓✓✓ 1. Pathology: inflammation and fibrosis of the
bronchial wall, hypertrophy of the submucosal glands and hypersecretion of
answers
Be familiar with the causes and manifestations of respiratory acidosis in Table 5.4.
Ans✓✓✓ 1. Causes:
- Depression of respiratory center
- lung disease
- airway obstruction
- disorders of chest wall and respiratory muscles
- breathing air with high CO2 content
2. Manifestations:
- Blood pH decrease,
- Partial pressure of CO2 increased ,
- Bicarbonate increase
- vasodilation, Headache, weakness, confusion, depression, paranoia, skin warm
and flushed, acidic urine
Be familiar with the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory
acidosis. Ans✓✓✓ Clinical presentation: since CO2 crosses blood brain barrier—
it causes vasodilation and Headache, weakness, confusion, depression, paranoia,
skin warm and flushed, acidic urine
Diagnosis: pH below 7.35, and Partial pressure of CO2 above 45mmHg.
Treatment: Aimed at improving ventilation
, Be familiar with the conditions that can cause ARDS in Table 5.3. Ans✓✓✓ 1.
Aspiration
2. drugs, toxins, therapeutic agents
3. infection
4. trauma and shock
5. disseminated intravascular coagulation
6. multiple blood transfusions
Be familiar with the disease pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and
treatment of ARDS. Ans✓✓✓ 1. pathology
- due to pathologic lung changes the lungs stiffen and breathing becomes difficult
2. clinical presentation
- rapid onset of respiratory distress (12-15 hours after trigger event)
- increase respiratory rate, signs of respiratory failure
- hypoxemia occurs and with multiple organ failure.
3. diagnosis
- chest x ray shows lung "white out" from fluid with normal cardiac function.
4. treatment
- o2 and ventilator support
Be familiar with the disease pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and
treatment of COPD. Ans✓✓✓ 1. Pathology: inflammation and fibrosis of the
bronchial wall, hypertrophy of the submucosal glands and hypersecretion of
