Wednesday, June 3, 2020
Information technology systems notes
Chapter 1, page 4-12 What is an information system
Information systems are used in almost every imaginable profession
1. Sales representative use information systems to advertise products, communicate
with customers and analyse sales trends
2. Managers use them to make decisions, such as whether to build a manufacturing
plant or research a cancer drug
What is an system?
System: a set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals.
4 components of a system
3. Input: The activity of gathering and capturing data.
4. Processing: converting or transforming data into useful outputs
5. Output: production of useful information, often in the form of documents and reports
6. Feedback: predicting future events.
System performance can be measured in various ways
1. Efficiency is a measure of what is produced divided by what is consumed.
2. Effectiveness is a measure of the extent to which a system achieves its goals. It can
be computed by dividing the goals actually achieved by the total of the stated goals.
3. A system performance standard is a specific objective of the system
Information system (IS)
A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store and disseminate
information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.
1
, Wednesday, June 3, 2020
The Characteristics of Valuable Information
Manual and Computerised Information Systems
1. Computer-based information system (CBIS) A single set of hardware, software,
databases, telecommunications, people and procedures that is configured to collect,
manipulate, store and process data into information
2. Technology infrastructure All the hardware, software, databases,
telecommunications, people and procedures that are configured to collect,
manipulate, store and process data into information.
The Components of a Computer-Based Information System
1. Hardware Any machinery (most of which uses digital circuits) that assists in the input,
processing, storage and output activities of an information system.
2. Software The computer programs that govern the operation of the computer.
3. Database An organised collection of electronic information.
4. Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
• Telecommunications: the electronic transmission of signals for
communications; enables organisations to carry out their processes and tasks
through effective computer networks.
• Network: Computers and equipment that are connected in a building, around
the country or around the world to enable electronic communications.
• Internet: the world’s largest computer network, actually consisting of
thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information
2
Information technology systems notes
Chapter 1, page 4-12 What is an information system
Information systems are used in almost every imaginable profession
1. Sales representative use information systems to advertise products, communicate
with customers and analyse sales trends
2. Managers use them to make decisions, such as whether to build a manufacturing
plant or research a cancer drug
What is an system?
System: a set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals.
4 components of a system
3. Input: The activity of gathering and capturing data.
4. Processing: converting or transforming data into useful outputs
5. Output: production of useful information, often in the form of documents and reports
6. Feedback: predicting future events.
System performance can be measured in various ways
1. Efficiency is a measure of what is produced divided by what is consumed.
2. Effectiveness is a measure of the extent to which a system achieves its goals. It can
be computed by dividing the goals actually achieved by the total of the stated goals.
3. A system performance standard is a specific objective of the system
Information system (IS)
A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store and disseminate
information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.
1
, Wednesday, June 3, 2020
The Characteristics of Valuable Information
Manual and Computerised Information Systems
1. Computer-based information system (CBIS) A single set of hardware, software,
databases, telecommunications, people and procedures that is configured to collect,
manipulate, store and process data into information
2. Technology infrastructure All the hardware, software, databases,
telecommunications, people and procedures that are configured to collect,
manipulate, store and process data into information.
The Components of a Computer-Based Information System
1. Hardware Any machinery (most of which uses digital circuits) that assists in the input,
processing, storage and output activities of an information system.
2. Software The computer programs that govern the operation of the computer.
3. Database An organised collection of electronic information.
4. Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet
• Telecommunications: the electronic transmission of signals for
communications; enables organisations to carry out their processes and tasks
through effective computer networks.
• Network: Computers and equipment that are connected in a building, around
the country or around the world to enable electronic communications.
• Internet: the world’s largest computer network, actually consisting of
thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information
2
