Biology 212 Iowa State Exam 1 Questions And
Answers Rated A+
What are the five characteristics of living things? ANS Using energy, made of cells, process
information(genes), reproduction, and evolution
cell theory ANS all organisms are made of cells and come from pre-existing cells
(In aqueous solution) List bonds from weakest to strongest
-covalent, hydrogen, ionic ANS Hydrogen, ionic, covalent
What kinds of bonds do carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous form? ANS Covalent(great for
biological systems)
Why is water an excellent solvent? ANS Polarity, molecular shape, and ability to hydrogen bond;
oxygen provides a partial negative field while hydrogen provides partial positive
What happens to ions in an aqueous solution? ANS Hydrogen bonds are formed between water and
the ions, separating the ions(i.e NaCl--> Na+ ; Cl-
What is hydrophilic?
What is hydrophobic? ANS "Water loving"
"Water fearing"
Hydrophobic interactions ANS Interactions between hydrophobic molecules, which creates hydrogen
bonds, promoting stability.
What is cohesion? ANS cohesion is attraction between like molecules
What is adhesion? ANS adhesion is attraction between unlike molecules
, What surfaces does water adhere to? ANS surfaces that have polar or charged components
Why does surface tension occur? ANS no molecules are available for bonding, which means they
exhibit stronger bonds with neighbors
What is heat of vaporization? ANS Energy required to change 1 gram of a substance from a liquid to
gas(high for water)
Acids and bases: which gives up a proton and which gains? ANS Acids give up protons, bases gain
protons
How does the concentration of protons change as pH changes? ANS Every time the pH changes (i.e.
ph 6 to pH 7) the solution becomes 10x more acidic/basic
What do buffers do? ANS Minimize changes in pH in solution(most are weak acids)
What element do all organic molecules contain? ANS Carbon(most versatile atom on earth)
Name the types of functional groups ANS amino, carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, phosphate,
sulfhydryl,
Amino and carboxyl groups ANS Amino acts as a base, carboxyl acts as an acid;
linked by covalent bonds, but also participate in hydrogen bonding
Carbonyl groups ANS found on aldehyde and ketone(i.e formeldahyde, acetone); site of reactions that
link the molecules
Hydroxyl groups ANS weak acids, donate protons; polar molecules that form hydrogen bonds
Phosphate groups ANS 2 negative charges; when transferred, the recipient molecule is drastically
affected. They store chemical energy
Answers Rated A+
What are the five characteristics of living things? ANS Using energy, made of cells, process
information(genes), reproduction, and evolution
cell theory ANS all organisms are made of cells and come from pre-existing cells
(In aqueous solution) List bonds from weakest to strongest
-covalent, hydrogen, ionic ANS Hydrogen, ionic, covalent
What kinds of bonds do carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous form? ANS Covalent(great for
biological systems)
Why is water an excellent solvent? ANS Polarity, molecular shape, and ability to hydrogen bond;
oxygen provides a partial negative field while hydrogen provides partial positive
What happens to ions in an aqueous solution? ANS Hydrogen bonds are formed between water and
the ions, separating the ions(i.e NaCl--> Na+ ; Cl-
What is hydrophilic?
What is hydrophobic? ANS "Water loving"
"Water fearing"
Hydrophobic interactions ANS Interactions between hydrophobic molecules, which creates hydrogen
bonds, promoting stability.
What is cohesion? ANS cohesion is attraction between like molecules
What is adhesion? ANS adhesion is attraction between unlike molecules
, What surfaces does water adhere to? ANS surfaces that have polar or charged components
Why does surface tension occur? ANS no molecules are available for bonding, which means they
exhibit stronger bonds with neighbors
What is heat of vaporization? ANS Energy required to change 1 gram of a substance from a liquid to
gas(high for water)
Acids and bases: which gives up a proton and which gains? ANS Acids give up protons, bases gain
protons
How does the concentration of protons change as pH changes? ANS Every time the pH changes (i.e.
ph 6 to pH 7) the solution becomes 10x more acidic/basic
What do buffers do? ANS Minimize changes in pH in solution(most are weak acids)
What element do all organic molecules contain? ANS Carbon(most versatile atom on earth)
Name the types of functional groups ANS amino, carboxyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, phosphate,
sulfhydryl,
Amino and carboxyl groups ANS Amino acts as a base, carboxyl acts as an acid;
linked by covalent bonds, but also participate in hydrogen bonding
Carbonyl groups ANS found on aldehyde and ketone(i.e formeldahyde, acetone); site of reactions that
link the molecules
Hydroxyl groups ANS weak acids, donate protons; polar molecules that form hydrogen bonds
Phosphate groups ANS 2 negative charges; when transferred, the recipient molecule is drastically
affected. They store chemical energy
