Statistics Final Exam Questions And
Answers
5,53,57,56,56,52,55,53,54,57
Using5the5same5data5as5the5previous5two5questions,5construct5a5box-and-
whiskers5plot.5What5you5type5in5this5answer5box5will5not5be5graded.5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-Question555image5from5document5with5pics5from5test51
A519925Roper5poll5found5that522%5of5Americans5say5that5the5Holocaust5may5not5have5hap
pened.5The5actual5question5asked5in5the5poll5was,5"Does5it5seem5possible5or5impossible5to
5you5that5the5Nazi5extermination5of5the5Jews5never5happened?"5Explain5why5the5results5ca
nnot5be5trusted.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
The5main5issue5is5that5the5survey5question5is5confusing5and5may5have5caused5participant
s5to5answer5the5opposite5of5what5they5intended.
A5basketball5player5makes566%5of5his5free5throws.5Let5X5represent5the5number5of5free5thro
ws5made5in5three5tries.5The5probability5distribution5for5the5number5of5free5throws5he5make
s5in5three5attempts5is5summarized5in5the5following5table:(Image55)5What5is5the5expected5v
alue5of5the5number5of5free5throws5he5will5make?5Do5not5round.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
1.978
A5basketball5player5makes566%5of5his5free5throws.5Let5X5represent5the5number5of5free5thro
ws5made5in5three5tries.5The5probability5distribution5for5the5number5of5free5throws5he5make
s5in5three5attempts5is5summarized5in5the5following5table:(Image55)5What5is5the5probability5t
hat5he5will5make5at5least515free5throw?5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-0.96
A5basketball5player5makes566%5of5his5free5throws.5Let5X5represent5the5number5of5free5thro
ws5made5in5three5tries.5The5probability5distribution5for5the5number5of5free5throws5he5make
s5in5three5attempts5is5summarized5in5the5following5table:(Image55)5What5is5the5standard5de
viation5of5the5number5of5free5throws5he5will5make?5Round5your5answer5to5three5decimal5pl
aces.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-0.820
,A5college5randomly5selects5205professors5to5attend5a5conference.5Is5this5a5simple5random5
sample,5stratified5random5sample,5cluster5sample,5or5convenience5sample?5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-Simple5random5sample
A5college's5professors5are545%5male5and555%5female.5The5college5then5randomly5selects
595of5the5male5professors5and5115of5the5female5professors5to5attend.5Is5this5a5simple5rando
m5sample,5stratified5random5sample,5cluster5sample,5or5convenience5sample?5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-Stratified5random5sample
A5company5has5three5divisions5and5three5conference5rooms5for5meetings.5To5keep5track5o
f5the5use5of5their5facilities,5for5each5meeting5held5in5the5company,5they5record5which5divisio
n5is5holding5the5meeting,5the5room5for5the5meeting,5and5the5length5of5time5for5the5meeting.5
Is5the5division5qualitative5or5quantitative?5Is5the5room5qualitative5or5quantitative?5Is5the5len
gth5of5time5qualitative5or5quantitative?5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
Qualitative,5Qualitative,5Quantitative
A5group5of5veterinary5researchers5plan5a5study5to5estimate5the5average5number5of5enteroli
ths5in5horses5suffering5from5them.5Previous5research5has5shown5the5standard5deviation5to
5be51.50.5The5researchers5wish5the5margin5of5error5to5be5no5larger5than50.45for5a590%5confi
dence5interval.5What5sample5size5is5needed5to5accomplish5this?5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
39
A5national5health5survey5of514835U.S.5adults5during520145revealed5that56685had5never5sm
oked5cigarettes.5Find5a595%5large-
sample5confidence5interval5for5the5proportion5of5U.S.5adults5that5had5never5smoked5cigare
ttes.5Enter5the5lower5bound5in5the5first5answer5blank5and5the5upper5bound5in5the5second5a
nswer5blank.5Round5your5answers5to5the5nearest5thousandth.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
Answer5for5blank5#1:50.425
Answer5for5blank5#2:50.476
A5political5party5sends5a5mail5survey5to514505randomly5selected5registered5voters5in5a5com
munity.5The5survey5asks5respondents5to5give5an5opinion5about5the5job5performance5of5the5
current5President.5Of5the515005surveys5sent5out,54825are5returned,5and5of5these,5only52115
say5they're5satisfied5with5the5President's5job5performance.5What5is5a5reason5the5survey5re
sults5cannot5be5trusted?5(STUDY5TYPES5OF5BIAS)5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
These5survey5results5cannot5be5trusted5because5they5contain5voluntary5bias5meaning5that
5people5chose5to5fill5them5out.5Often5times5in5these5type5of5scenarios5the5far5majority5of5pe
ople5filling5out5these5surveys5feel5strongly5about5the5issue5whatever5their5stance5may5be.5
This5leads5to5the5population5not5accurately5being5represented5since5the5people5who5don't5
care5as5much5about5the5issue5aren't5surveyed5since5it5heavily5relies5on5volunteers.
A5political5party5sends5a5mail5survey5to514505randomly5selected5registered5voters5in5a5com
munity.5The5survey5asks5respondents5to5give5an5opinion5about5the5job5performance5of5the5
current5President.5Of5the515005surveys5sent5out,54825are5returned,5and5of5these,5only52115
say5they're5satisfied5with5the5President's5job5performance.5What5is5the5sample5size?5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-482
, A5political5party5sends5a5mail5survey5to514505randomly5selected5registered5voters5in5a5com
munity.5The5survey5asks5respondents5to5give5an5opinion5about5the5job5performance5of5the5
current5President.5Of5the515005surveys5sent5out,54825are5returned,5and5of5these,5only52115
say5they're5satisfied5with5the5President's5job5performance.5What5should5be5the5population5
of5this5study?5Be5specific.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
The5population5would5be5registered5voters5in5that5specific5community.
A5researcher5finds5the5correlation5between5two5variables5is5close5to50,5so5the5two5variable
s5must5be5completely5unrelated.(T/F)5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-False
A5roulette5wheel5has5385slots5in5which5the5ball5can5land.5Two5of5the5slots5are5green,5185are
5red,5and5185are5black.5The5ball5is5equally5likely5to5land5in5any5slot.5The5roulette5wheel5is5g
oing5to5be5spun5twice,5and5the5outcomes5of5the5two5spins5are5independent.5What5is5the5pr
obability5that5it5lands5on5red5on5the5first5spin5and5black5on5the5second?5Round5to5three5dec
imal5places.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-0.224
A5roulette5wheel5has5385slots5in5which5the5ball5can5land.5Two5of5the5slots5are5green,5185are
5red,5and5185are5black.5The5ball5is5equally5likely5to5land5in5any5slot.5The5roulette5wheel5is5g
oing5to5be5spun5twice,5and5the5outcomes5of5the5two5spins5are5independent.5What5is5the5pr
obability5that5neither5spin5ends5up5on5red?5Round5to5three5decimal5places.5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-0.277
A5small5math5department5has5305students.5It5chooses5students5to5attend5a5conference5by5
picking5a5course5and5inviting5every5student5enrolled5in5that5course.5Is5this5a5simple5rando
m5sample,5stratified5random5sample,5cluster5sample,5or5convenience5sample?5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-Cluster5sample
A5special5diet5is5intended5to5reduce5systolic5blood5pressure5among5patients5diagnosed5wit
h5stage525hypertension.5If5the5diet5is5effective,5the5target5is5to5have5the5average5systolic5bl
ood5pressure5of5this5group5be5below5150.5After5six5months5on5the5diet,5a5random5sample5o
f5455patients5had5an5average5systolic5blood5pressure5of5142,5with5a5standard5deviation5of5
22.5Is5this5sufficient5evidence5that5the5diet5is5effective5in5meeting5the5target?
a.5(45points)5State5the5hypotheses.5You5can5use5the5HTML5Editor5to5enter5symbols5includi
ng5Greek5letters.
b.5(45points)5If5the5p-
value5is50.00945and5α=0.01,5make5a5conclusion5in5a5complete5sentence5related5to5the5sce
nario.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-Ho(Null):5µ≥150
Ha(Alternative):5µ<150
Due5to5alpha5being5greater5than5the5p-
value,5the5null5hypothesis5is5rejected5meaning5that5there5is5significant5evidence5proving5th
at5the5diet5is5effective5in5meeting5its5target.
Answers
5,53,57,56,56,52,55,53,54,57
Using5the5same5data5as5the5previous5two5questions,5construct5a5box-and-
whiskers5plot.5What5you5type5in5this5answer5box5will5not5be5graded.5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-Question555image5from5document5with5pics5from5test51
A519925Roper5poll5found5that522%5of5Americans5say5that5the5Holocaust5may5not5have5hap
pened.5The5actual5question5asked5in5the5poll5was,5"Does5it5seem5possible5or5impossible5to
5you5that5the5Nazi5extermination5of5the5Jews5never5happened?"5Explain5why5the5results5ca
nnot5be5trusted.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
The5main5issue5is5that5the5survey5question5is5confusing5and5may5have5caused5participant
s5to5answer5the5opposite5of5what5they5intended.
A5basketball5player5makes566%5of5his5free5throws.5Let5X5represent5the5number5of5free5thro
ws5made5in5three5tries.5The5probability5distribution5for5the5number5of5free5throws5he5make
s5in5three5attempts5is5summarized5in5the5following5table:(Image55)5What5is5the5expected5v
alue5of5the5number5of5free5throws5he5will5make?5Do5not5round.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
1.978
A5basketball5player5makes566%5of5his5free5throws.5Let5X5represent5the5number5of5free5thro
ws5made5in5three5tries.5The5probability5distribution5for5the5number5of5free5throws5he5make
s5in5three5attempts5is5summarized5in5the5following5table:(Image55)5What5is5the5probability5t
hat5he5will5make5at5least515free5throw?5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-0.96
A5basketball5player5makes566%5of5his5free5throws.5Let5X5represent5the5number5of5free5thro
ws5made5in5three5tries.5The5probability5distribution5for5the5number5of5free5throws5he5make
s5in5three5attempts5is5summarized5in5the5following5table:(Image55)5What5is5the5standard5de
viation5of5the5number5of5free5throws5he5will5make?5Round5your5answer5to5three5decimal5pl
aces.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-0.820
,A5college5randomly5selects5205professors5to5attend5a5conference.5Is5this5a5simple5random5
sample,5stratified5random5sample,5cluster5sample,5or5convenience5sample?5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-Simple5random5sample
A5college's5professors5are545%5male5and555%5female.5The5college5then5randomly5selects
595of5the5male5professors5and5115of5the5female5professors5to5attend.5Is5this5a5simple5rando
m5sample,5stratified5random5sample,5cluster5sample,5or5convenience5sample?5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-Stratified5random5sample
A5company5has5three5divisions5and5three5conference5rooms5for5meetings.5To5keep5track5o
f5the5use5of5their5facilities,5for5each5meeting5held5in5the5company,5they5record5which5divisio
n5is5holding5the5meeting,5the5room5for5the5meeting,5and5the5length5of5time5for5the5meeting.5
Is5the5division5qualitative5or5quantitative?5Is5the5room5qualitative5or5quantitative?5Is5the5len
gth5of5time5qualitative5or5quantitative?5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
Qualitative,5Qualitative,5Quantitative
A5group5of5veterinary5researchers5plan5a5study5to5estimate5the5average5number5of5enteroli
ths5in5horses5suffering5from5them.5Previous5research5has5shown5the5standard5deviation5to
5be51.50.5The5researchers5wish5the5margin5of5error5to5be5no5larger5than50.45for5a590%5confi
dence5interval.5What5sample5size5is5needed5to5accomplish5this?5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
39
A5national5health5survey5of514835U.S.5adults5during520145revealed5that56685had5never5sm
oked5cigarettes.5Find5a595%5large-
sample5confidence5interval5for5the5proportion5of5U.S.5adults5that5had5never5smoked5cigare
ttes.5Enter5the5lower5bound5in5the5first5answer5blank5and5the5upper5bound5in5the5second5a
nswer5blank.5Round5your5answers5to5the5nearest5thousandth.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
Answer5for5blank5#1:50.425
Answer5for5blank5#2:50.476
A5political5party5sends5a5mail5survey5to514505randomly5selected5registered5voters5in5a5com
munity.5The5survey5asks5respondents5to5give5an5opinion5about5the5job5performance5of5the5
current5President.5Of5the515005surveys5sent5out,54825are5returned,5and5of5these,5only52115
say5they're5satisfied5with5the5President's5job5performance.5What5is5a5reason5the5survey5re
sults5cannot5be5trusted?5(STUDY5TYPES5OF5BIAS)5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
These5survey5results5cannot5be5trusted5because5they5contain5voluntary5bias5meaning5that
5people5chose5to5fill5them5out.5Often5times5in5these5type5of5scenarios5the5far5majority5of5pe
ople5filling5out5these5surveys5feel5strongly5about5the5issue5whatever5their5stance5may5be.5
This5leads5to5the5population5not5accurately5being5represented5since5the5people5who5don't5
care5as5much5about5the5issue5aren't5surveyed5since5it5heavily5relies5on5volunteers.
A5political5party5sends5a5mail5survey5to514505randomly5selected5registered5voters5in5a5com
munity.5The5survey5asks5respondents5to5give5an5opinion5about5the5job5performance5of5the5
current5President.5Of5the515005surveys5sent5out,54825are5returned,5and5of5these,5only52115
say5they're5satisfied5with5the5President's5job5performance.5What5is5the5sample5size?5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-482
, A5political5party5sends5a5mail5survey5to514505randomly5selected5registered5voters5in5a5com
munity.5The5survey5asks5respondents5to5give5an5opinion5about5the5job5performance5of5the5
current5President.5Of5the515005surveys5sent5out,54825are5returned,5and5of5these,5only52115
say5they're5satisfied5with5the5President's5job5performance.5What5should5be5the5population5
of5this5study?5Be5specific.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-
The5population5would5be5registered5voters5in5that5specific5community.
A5researcher5finds5the5correlation5between5two5variables5is5close5to50,5so5the5two5variable
s5must5be5completely5unrelated.(T/F)5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-False
A5roulette5wheel5has5385slots5in5which5the5ball5can5land.5Two5of5the5slots5are5green,5185are
5red,5and5185are5black.5The5ball5is5equally5likely5to5land5in5any5slot.5The5roulette5wheel5is5g
oing5to5be5spun5twice,5and5the5outcomes5of5the5two5spins5are5independent.5What5is5the5pr
obability5that5it5lands5on5red5on5the5first5spin5and5black5on5the5second?5Round5to5three5dec
imal5places.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-0.224
A5roulette5wheel5has5385slots5in5which5the5ball5can5land.5Two5of5the5slots5are5green,5185are
5red,5and5185are5black.5The5ball5is5equally5likely5to5land5in5any5slot.5The5roulette5wheel5is5g
oing5to5be5spun5twice,5and5the5outcomes5of5the5two5spins5are5independent.5What5is5the5pr
obability5that5neither5spin5ends5up5on5red?5Round5to5three5decimal5places.5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-0.277
A5small5math5department5has5305students.5It5chooses5students5to5attend5a5conference5by5
picking5a5course5and5inviting5every5student5enrolled5in5that5course.5Is5this5a5simple5rando
m5sample,5stratified5random5sample,5cluster5sample,5or5convenience5sample?5-
5CORRECT55ANSWER-Cluster5sample
A5special5diet5is5intended5to5reduce5systolic5blood5pressure5among5patients5diagnosed5wit
h5stage525hypertension.5If5the5diet5is5effective,5the5target5is5to5have5the5average5systolic5bl
ood5pressure5of5this5group5be5below5150.5After5six5months5on5the5diet,5a5random5sample5o
f5455patients5had5an5average5systolic5blood5pressure5of5142,5with5a5standard5deviation5of5
22.5Is5this5sufficient5evidence5that5the5diet5is5effective5in5meeting5the5target?
a.5(45points)5State5the5hypotheses.5You5can5use5the5HTML5Editor5to5enter5symbols5includi
ng5Greek5letters.
b.5(45points)5If5the5p-
value5is50.00945and5α=0.01,5make5a5conclusion5in5a5complete5sentence5related5to5the5sce
nario.5-5CORRECT55ANSWER-Ho(Null):5µ≥150
Ha(Alternative):5µ<150
Due5to5alpha5being5greater5than5the5p-
value,5the5null5hypothesis5is5rejected5meaning5that5there5is5significant5evidence5proving5th
at5the5diet5is5effective5in5meeting5its5target.
