MSN 570 Patho Midterm Exam Review
respiratory zone - ANSWER- respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
What does the Respiratory Zone do? - ANSWER- Allow inhaled oxygen to diffuse into
the lung capillaries in exchange for CO2
Conducting Zone - ANSWER- nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
What does conducting zone do? - ANSWER- conducts air to respiratory zone,
humidifies, warms, and filters air
Most common cancer mutation? - ANSWER- Acquired
What does anticholinergic mean? - ANSWER- blockade of muscarinic receptors - This
inhibits nerve impulses responsible for involuntary muscle movements and various
bodily functions
What does dopamine do? - ANSWER- influences movement, learning, attention, and
emotion. Dopamine enables neurons in your brain to communicate and control
movement.
What does messenger RNA do? - ANSWER- Transcribes information from the DNA in
the nucleus and carries it to the cytoplasm, and then to the ribosome. Single-stranded,
intermediate molecule. Carries the instructions for making proteins.
What do ribosomes do? - ANSWER- Make proteins (protein synthesis)
Neurotransmitters - ANSWER- chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps
between neurons
Neurotransmitters at the parasympathetic postganglionic synapses - ANSWER-
Acetylcholine and nitric oxide
Atropine Neurotransmitters - ANSWER- Atropine is a muscarinic receptor antagonist
that is used to inhibit the effects of excessive vagal activation on the heart, which is
manifested as sinus bradycardia and AV nodal block. Therefore, atropine can
temporarily revert sinus bradycardia to normal sinus rhythm and reverse AV nodal
blocks by removing vagal influences.
alpha adreneric receptors - ANSWER-
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers - ANSWER- -Blocks NE/Epi effects on heart - less
Ca++ entry
-Decreases force of cardiac contractions
respiratory zone - ANSWER- respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
What does the Respiratory Zone do? - ANSWER- Allow inhaled oxygen to diffuse into
the lung capillaries in exchange for CO2
Conducting Zone - ANSWER- nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
What does conducting zone do? - ANSWER- conducts air to respiratory zone,
humidifies, warms, and filters air
Most common cancer mutation? - ANSWER- Acquired
What does anticholinergic mean? - ANSWER- blockade of muscarinic receptors - This
inhibits nerve impulses responsible for involuntary muscle movements and various
bodily functions
What does dopamine do? - ANSWER- influences movement, learning, attention, and
emotion. Dopamine enables neurons in your brain to communicate and control
movement.
What does messenger RNA do? - ANSWER- Transcribes information from the DNA in
the nucleus and carries it to the cytoplasm, and then to the ribosome. Single-stranded,
intermediate molecule. Carries the instructions for making proteins.
What do ribosomes do? - ANSWER- Make proteins (protein synthesis)
Neurotransmitters - ANSWER- chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps
between neurons
Neurotransmitters at the parasympathetic postganglionic synapses - ANSWER-
Acetylcholine and nitric oxide
Atropine Neurotransmitters - ANSWER- Atropine is a muscarinic receptor antagonist
that is used to inhibit the effects of excessive vagal activation on the heart, which is
manifested as sinus bradycardia and AV nodal block. Therefore, atropine can
temporarily revert sinus bradycardia to normal sinus rhythm and reverse AV nodal
blocks by removing vagal influences.
alpha adreneric receptors - ANSWER-
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers - ANSWER- -Blocks NE/Epi effects on heart - less
Ca++ entry
-Decreases force of cardiac contractions
