HNF 150 exam 3 Questions Solved Correctly Latest Update 2025 Graded A+
The Major Roles of Water - Answers Carries Nutrients
Cleanses tissues and blood
Solvent
Chemical Reactions
Lubricant around the Joints
Shock Absorber
Regulates Body Temperature
Dehydration Causes, Signs, and Symptoms - Answers Causes: - Don't Drink enough fluids
- Take Diuretics (alcohol, coffee)
- Eat a lot of salt
Signs/Symptoms:
Mild: Thirst, dry mouth, lack of energy, rough dry skin, sudden weight loss, rapid pulse, low blood
pressure, impaired kidney function, reduced urine
Severe: Pale skin, bluish lips and finger tips, confusion, rapid breathing, weak irregular rapid pulse,
shock, seizures, coma, DEATH.
Water Regulation in the Body - Answers Water Balance??
Water Input - Answers Drinking water, foods, and metabolic water (water generated in tissues)
Water Output - Answers Excretion such as sweat or urine
Diuretic - Answers A compound, usually a medication, causing increased urinary water excretion (water
pill)
Hard Water - Answers Water with high calcium and magnesium concentrations
Soft Water - Answers Water with high sodium concentration, dissolves cadmium and lead from pipes,
can cause hypertension
Tap Water - Answers Requires disinfection
Confirmed Ecoli and Cliform banned
Testing frequency for bacteria: Hundreds per month
,Must filter for pathogens and viruses
Test frequency for organic chemicals: 1/quarter
Bottled Water - Answers Does not require disinfection
Not confirmed Ecoli and CLiform banned
Testing frequency for bacteria: 1/week
Does not have to filter for pathogens and viruses
Test frequency for organic chemicals: 1/year
Water Balance - Answers The balance between water intake and excretion, which keeps the body's
water content constant
Dehydration - Answers loss of water in the body
Solvent - Answers A substance that dissolves amino acids, glucose, minerals, and many other substances
Electrolytes - Answers Compounds that partly dissociate water to form ions, such as the potassium and
chloride ion
Ions - Answers Electrically charged particles, such as sodium and chloride
Iodine - Answers Main Function:Thyroxine: hormone made my by thyroid gland that helps regulate Basal
Metabolic Rate
Deficiency: Simple Goiter: Thyroid gland enlarges, making a visible lump in the neck
Food: iodized salt (processed foods), seafood, seaweed, foods grown in iodine rich soils
Zinc - Answers Main Function: Works with proteins to help enzymes:
Makes parts of the cells genetic materials
Makes the heme in hemoglobin
Helps pancreas with its digestive functions
Helps metabolize CHO, proteins, and fat
Liberate Vitamin A from storage in the liver
Dispose of damaging free radicals
Deficiency: Diarrhea, death, and retardation of bodily growth
Food: Meats, shellfish, poultry, dairy
, Fluoride - Answers Main Function: Provides dental caries, stabilizes bones and makes teeth resistant to
decay
Deficiency: Dental decay
Toxicity: Fluorosis - discoloration
Food: drinking water
Calcium - Answers Main Function: Most abundant mineral in body
99% of body calcium is stored in teeth and bones
Bones are active living tissues
Nerve transmission
Blood Pressure
Blood Clotting
Muscle Contractions and heartbeat
Deficiency: Osteoporosis - fragile bones or adult bone loss
Food: Sardines, Milk, Tofu, Broccoli, Chedder Cheese, Turnip greens, waffle (whole grain)
Magnesium - Answers Main Function: Assists in enzyme function
energy metabolism
affects metabolism of vitamin d, potassium, and calcium
protein formation
muscular relaxation
provides resistance to tooth decay
Food: spinach, black beans, bran cereal, oysters, yogurt, soy milk
Iron - Answers Main Function: Oxygen Carrying cells:
Hemoglobin: Red blood cells
Myoglobin: Muscle Cells
Helps many enzymes use oxygen
Needed to make new cells, amino acids, neurotransmitters, and hormones
The Major Roles of Water - Answers Carries Nutrients
Cleanses tissues and blood
Solvent
Chemical Reactions
Lubricant around the Joints
Shock Absorber
Regulates Body Temperature
Dehydration Causes, Signs, and Symptoms - Answers Causes: - Don't Drink enough fluids
- Take Diuretics (alcohol, coffee)
- Eat a lot of salt
Signs/Symptoms:
Mild: Thirst, dry mouth, lack of energy, rough dry skin, sudden weight loss, rapid pulse, low blood
pressure, impaired kidney function, reduced urine
Severe: Pale skin, bluish lips and finger tips, confusion, rapid breathing, weak irregular rapid pulse,
shock, seizures, coma, DEATH.
Water Regulation in the Body - Answers Water Balance??
Water Input - Answers Drinking water, foods, and metabolic water (water generated in tissues)
Water Output - Answers Excretion such as sweat or urine
Diuretic - Answers A compound, usually a medication, causing increased urinary water excretion (water
pill)
Hard Water - Answers Water with high calcium and magnesium concentrations
Soft Water - Answers Water with high sodium concentration, dissolves cadmium and lead from pipes,
can cause hypertension
Tap Water - Answers Requires disinfection
Confirmed Ecoli and Cliform banned
Testing frequency for bacteria: Hundreds per month
,Must filter for pathogens and viruses
Test frequency for organic chemicals: 1/quarter
Bottled Water - Answers Does not require disinfection
Not confirmed Ecoli and CLiform banned
Testing frequency for bacteria: 1/week
Does not have to filter for pathogens and viruses
Test frequency for organic chemicals: 1/year
Water Balance - Answers The balance between water intake and excretion, which keeps the body's
water content constant
Dehydration - Answers loss of water in the body
Solvent - Answers A substance that dissolves amino acids, glucose, minerals, and many other substances
Electrolytes - Answers Compounds that partly dissociate water to form ions, such as the potassium and
chloride ion
Ions - Answers Electrically charged particles, such as sodium and chloride
Iodine - Answers Main Function:Thyroxine: hormone made my by thyroid gland that helps regulate Basal
Metabolic Rate
Deficiency: Simple Goiter: Thyroid gland enlarges, making a visible lump in the neck
Food: iodized salt (processed foods), seafood, seaweed, foods grown in iodine rich soils
Zinc - Answers Main Function: Works with proteins to help enzymes:
Makes parts of the cells genetic materials
Makes the heme in hemoglobin
Helps pancreas with its digestive functions
Helps metabolize CHO, proteins, and fat
Liberate Vitamin A from storage in the liver
Dispose of damaging free radicals
Deficiency: Diarrhea, death, and retardation of bodily growth
Food: Meats, shellfish, poultry, dairy
, Fluoride - Answers Main Function: Provides dental caries, stabilizes bones and makes teeth resistant to
decay
Deficiency: Dental decay
Toxicity: Fluorosis - discoloration
Food: drinking water
Calcium - Answers Main Function: Most abundant mineral in body
99% of body calcium is stored in teeth and bones
Bones are active living tissues
Nerve transmission
Blood Pressure
Blood Clotting
Muscle Contractions and heartbeat
Deficiency: Osteoporosis - fragile bones or adult bone loss
Food: Sardines, Milk, Tofu, Broccoli, Chedder Cheese, Turnip greens, waffle (whole grain)
Magnesium - Answers Main Function: Assists in enzyme function
energy metabolism
affects metabolism of vitamin d, potassium, and calcium
protein formation
muscular relaxation
provides resistance to tooth decay
Food: spinach, black beans, bran cereal, oysters, yogurt, soy milk
Iron - Answers Main Function: Oxygen Carrying cells:
Hemoglobin: Red blood cells
Myoglobin: Muscle Cells
Helps many enzymes use oxygen
Needed to make new cells, amino acids, neurotransmitters, and hormones
