C HAPTER 2: M ICROBIAL C ELL S TRUCTURE
AND F UNCTION
Test Bank for Brock Biology of Microorganism 16th Edition by Michael T.
Madigan
2.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1. An organism of the genus Staphylococcus is _____, while an organism of
the genus Spirochaeta is ______.
A) spherical / rod shaped
B) rod shaped / coiled
C) spherical / coiled
D) coiled / spherical
2. Bacteria with t ype IV pili
A) possess tubular or stalk -like extensions of their cells.
B) likel y exhibit twitching motilit y.
C) have capsules that promote dehydrati on.
D) live in aquatic environments.
3. Compared to Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea have ______ surface-to-
volume ratios, causing ______ nutrient exchange.
A) lower / lower
B) lower / higher
C) higher / lower
D) higher / higher
4. The cytoplasmic membrane could best be described as
, A) an impermeable barrier.
B) a passive conduit for intracellular transport.
C) a highl y selective permeabilit y barrier.
D) a rigid structure that protects the cell.
5. Bacteria stain as gram-positive or gram-negative because of differences in
the cell
A) wall.
B) cytoplasm.
C) nucleus.
D) chromosome.
6. You are given an electron micrograph of a bacterial cell. In the
micrograph you can clearl y see three thin layers of different densities
surrounding the cell. Based on the micrograph, you can infer that this cell
is ______ and would appear ______ after application of the Gram stain
procedure.
A) gram-positive / purple
B) gram-negative / pink
C) gram-positive / pink
D) gram-negative / purple
7. The cell wall of a Gram -positive bacterium is composed of a thick
_______ layer.
A) protein
B) pol y-β-hydroxybutryic acid (PHB)
C) lipopol ysaccharides (LPS)
D) peptidogl ycan
8. You have discovered a new coccoid -shaped microorganism with no
nucleus, a rigid cell wall, a nd a diameter of 2 μm. Chemical tests reveal
, that its cell wall does NOT contain peptidogl ycan. The new
microorganism is
A) most likel y a bacterium.
B) most likel y a eukaryote.
C) most likel y an archaeon.
D) either a bacterium or an archaeon.
9. The use of the Gram stain in microbiology is important because it
differentiates
A) Bacteria from
B) prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells.
C) bacterial cells with different t ypes of cell walls.
D) archaeal cells with different t ypes of metabolism.
10.Some archaea have unique phospholipids in their cytoplasmic membrane
that
A) form a monolayer due to the presence of digl ycerol tetraethers.
B) form a bilayer due to the presence of sterols.
C) form a stable ring structure due to the presence of crenarchaeol.
D) form a bilayer due to the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine.
11.Transport proteins located in the cytoplasmic membrane are necessary
when
A) diffusion will not allow adequate amounts of a substance to enter the
cell.
B) movement into the cell is against a concentration gradie nt.
C) the level of nutrients in nature is very low.
D) nutrient concentration is very low in the environment, is higher
inside of the cell, or diffusion is not possible.
12.Cells move polar molecules across the cell membrane against a
concentration gradient us ing
AND F UNCTION
Test Bank for Brock Biology of Microorganism 16th Edition by Michael T.
Madigan
2.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1. An organism of the genus Staphylococcus is _____, while an organism of
the genus Spirochaeta is ______.
A) spherical / rod shaped
B) rod shaped / coiled
C) spherical / coiled
D) coiled / spherical
2. Bacteria with t ype IV pili
A) possess tubular or stalk -like extensions of their cells.
B) likel y exhibit twitching motilit y.
C) have capsules that promote dehydrati on.
D) live in aquatic environments.
3. Compared to Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea have ______ surface-to-
volume ratios, causing ______ nutrient exchange.
A) lower / lower
B) lower / higher
C) higher / lower
D) higher / higher
4. The cytoplasmic membrane could best be described as
, A) an impermeable barrier.
B) a passive conduit for intracellular transport.
C) a highl y selective permeabilit y barrier.
D) a rigid structure that protects the cell.
5. Bacteria stain as gram-positive or gram-negative because of differences in
the cell
A) wall.
B) cytoplasm.
C) nucleus.
D) chromosome.
6. You are given an electron micrograph of a bacterial cell. In the
micrograph you can clearl y see three thin layers of different densities
surrounding the cell. Based on the micrograph, you can infer that this cell
is ______ and would appear ______ after application of the Gram stain
procedure.
A) gram-positive / purple
B) gram-negative / pink
C) gram-positive / pink
D) gram-negative / purple
7. The cell wall of a Gram -positive bacterium is composed of a thick
_______ layer.
A) protein
B) pol y-β-hydroxybutryic acid (PHB)
C) lipopol ysaccharides (LPS)
D) peptidogl ycan
8. You have discovered a new coccoid -shaped microorganism with no
nucleus, a rigid cell wall, a nd a diameter of 2 μm. Chemical tests reveal
, that its cell wall does NOT contain peptidogl ycan. The new
microorganism is
A) most likel y a bacterium.
B) most likel y a eukaryote.
C) most likel y an archaeon.
D) either a bacterium or an archaeon.
9. The use of the Gram stain in microbiology is important because it
differentiates
A) Bacteria from
B) prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells.
C) bacterial cells with different t ypes of cell walls.
D) archaeal cells with different t ypes of metabolism.
10.Some archaea have unique phospholipids in their cytoplasmic membrane
that
A) form a monolayer due to the presence of digl ycerol tetraethers.
B) form a bilayer due to the presence of sterols.
C) form a stable ring structure due to the presence of crenarchaeol.
D) form a bilayer due to the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine.
11.Transport proteins located in the cytoplasmic membrane are necessary
when
A) diffusion will not allow adequate amounts of a substance to enter the
cell.
B) movement into the cell is against a concentration gradie nt.
C) the level of nutrients in nature is very low.
D) nutrient concentration is very low in the environment, is higher
inside of the cell, or diffusion is not possible.
12.Cells move polar molecules across the cell membrane against a
concentration gradient us ing
