NR 283: FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
whatcarecthecclinicalcmanifestationcforcalterationscincarousal?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔levelcofcconsciouscchangescwhichciscthecmostccriticalcevidence,cpa
tterncofcbreathingcevaluatesclevelcofcbraincdysfunction,cpupillarycchangescindicateclevelc
ofcbraincstemcdysfunction,coculomotorcresponsescandcmotorcresponsecwhichchelpcevalu
ateclevelcofcdysfunctioncandcdamagedcside
BraincDeathciscwhat?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔totalcbraincdeath,cbodyccancnoclongercmaintaincinternalchomeostas
is,cunresponsiveccoma,cnocspontaneouscrespirations,cnocbraincstemcfunctioncandcflatcE
EG
Whatcisccerebralcdeath?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔irreversibleccomacandcdeathcofctheccerebralchemispherescexclusiv
ecofcthecbraincstemcandccerebellum,candcthecbranccanccontinuectocmaintaincinternalcho
meostasis.
whatcarecthec4ctypescofccerebralcdeath?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔coma,cvegetativecstatecwhichctheyccancopenctheirceyescandchavec
normalcsleep,cminimalcconsciouscstatecwhichctheychavecsmallcmovementscandcfollowcc
ommandscandclocked-incsyndromecwhichcthecbrainciscconsciouscandcbodyciscparalyzed.
whatciscacseizurec-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔sudden,ctransient,calterationcofcbraincfunctionccausedcbycabruptcdi
schargecofccerebralcneurons
whatcisctheccausecofcacseizurec-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔cerebralclesionscorctrauma,cbiochemicalcdisorders
Epilepsyciscwhat,candcresultscfromcwhat?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔continuouscseizurecwithcnocknownctrigger,cresultscfromcinteractionc
ofcmutationscandcenvironmentalcfactorscandcepilepticcneurons.
Whatcarecthecphasescofcseizures?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔toniccphasecwhichcisccontraction,ccloniccphasecwhichciscrelaxationc
andcpostictalcphasecwhichciscsleepinesscorctired.
, whatcarecthecCMcofcseizures?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔auracwhichciscacwarningcsign,cprodromacwhichcarecphysicalcsympt
oms,cfatigue,cNcandcheadache,cincreasecincoxygencconsumption,cprolongedcseizurecca
nccausecdamage
whatcarecthec3ctypescofcdysphasia?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔expressivecwhichciscBrocacandcdeficitcofcexpression,creceptivecwhi
chciscwernickecandcdeficitcofccomprehension,candctranscorticalcwhichciscecholalia.
whatciscacutecconfusionalcstatecorcACSc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔transientcdisordercofcawarenesscthatcresultcfromccerebralcdysfuncti
on.
ACScisccausedcbyc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔secondaryctocdrugcintoxication,cmetaboliccdisorder,cnervouscsyste
mcdisease
ACSccmc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔impairedcorclostcdetection,cinabilityctocconcentrate,crestless,cirritabl
e,candccompulsivecbehavior
whatciscdeliriumc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔morecseverectypecofcACS,cwithcworseningcsymptoms.
whatciscdementiac-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔groupcofcsymptomscthatccausecprogressivecfailurecofccerebralcfunc
tionscofcorientation,cmemory,clanguage,cbehaviorcandcjudgementcandcdecisioncmaking
dementiacCMcandccausesc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔infection,catherosclerosis,ctrauma,candcgenetics
alzheimercdiseasecorcADcisccausedcbyc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔deficienciescofcneurochemicalcfactors,ctraumacandcgeneticcmutatio
ns
ADcpathologiccfeaturescarec-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔neuronctangles,cplaquescandcdegeneration
ADcCMcIScWHATc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔forgetfulness,cemotionalcupset,cmemorycloss,cconfusion,cmoodcch
anges,cproblemcsolvingcandcjudgementcdifficulty
increasedcintracranialcpressurecorcIICPcisccausedcbycandcwhatcarecthec4cstagesc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔increasedcincintracranialccontent,cstagec1cthereciscnocchangecincIC
P,cstagec2cthereciscslightcICPcchangecwithcexpansion,cstagec2ctherecischypoxicctissueca
ndcdeterioration,cstagec4ctherecischerniationcofcbrainctissue
whatcarecthecclinicalcmanifestationcforcalterationscincarousal?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔levelcofcconsciouscchangescwhichciscthecmostccriticalcevidence,cpa
tterncofcbreathingcevaluatesclevelcofcbraincdysfunction,cpupillarycchangescindicateclevelc
ofcbraincstemcdysfunction,coculomotorcresponsescandcmotorcresponsecwhichchelpcevalu
ateclevelcofcdysfunctioncandcdamagedcside
BraincDeathciscwhat?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔totalcbraincdeath,cbodyccancnoclongercmaintaincinternalchomeostas
is,cunresponsiveccoma,cnocspontaneouscrespirations,cnocbraincstemcfunctioncandcflatcE
EG
Whatcisccerebralcdeath?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔irreversibleccomacandcdeathcofctheccerebralchemispherescexclusiv
ecofcthecbraincstemcandccerebellum,candcthecbranccanccontinuectocmaintaincinternalcho
meostasis.
whatcarecthec4ctypescofccerebralcdeath?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔coma,cvegetativecstatecwhichctheyccancopenctheirceyescandchavec
normalcsleep,cminimalcconsciouscstatecwhichctheychavecsmallcmovementscandcfollowcc
ommandscandclocked-incsyndromecwhichcthecbrainciscconsciouscandcbodyciscparalyzed.
whatciscacseizurec-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔sudden,ctransient,calterationcofcbraincfunctionccausedcbycabruptcdi
schargecofccerebralcneurons
whatcisctheccausecofcacseizurec-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔cerebralclesionscorctrauma,cbiochemicalcdisorders
Epilepsyciscwhat,candcresultscfromcwhat?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔continuouscseizurecwithcnocknownctrigger,cresultscfromcinteractionc
ofcmutationscandcenvironmentalcfactorscandcepilepticcneurons.
Whatcarecthecphasescofcseizures?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔toniccphasecwhichcisccontraction,ccloniccphasecwhichciscrelaxationc
andcpostictalcphasecwhichciscsleepinesscorctired.
, whatcarecthecCMcofcseizures?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔auracwhichciscacwarningcsign,cprodromacwhichcarecphysicalcsympt
oms,cfatigue,cNcandcheadache,cincreasecincoxygencconsumption,cprolongedcseizurecca
nccausecdamage
whatcarecthec3ctypescofcdysphasia?c-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔expressivecwhichciscBrocacandcdeficitcofcexpression,creceptivecwhi
chciscwernickecandcdeficitcofccomprehension,candctranscorticalcwhichciscecholalia.
whatciscacutecconfusionalcstatecorcACSc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔transientcdisordercofcawarenesscthatcresultcfromccerebralcdysfuncti
on.
ACScisccausedcbyc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔secondaryctocdrugcintoxication,cmetaboliccdisorder,cnervouscsyste
mcdisease
ACSccmc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔impairedcorclostcdetection,cinabilityctocconcentrate,crestless,cirritabl
e,candccompulsivecbehavior
whatciscdeliriumc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔morecseverectypecofcACS,cwithcworseningcsymptoms.
whatciscdementiac-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔groupcofcsymptomscthatccausecprogressivecfailurecofccerebralcfunc
tionscofcorientation,cmemory,clanguage,cbehaviorcandcjudgementcandcdecisioncmaking
dementiacCMcandccausesc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔infection,catherosclerosis,ctrauma,candcgenetics
alzheimercdiseasecorcADcisccausedcbyc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔deficienciescofcneurochemicalcfactors,ctraumacandcgeneticcmutatio
ns
ADcpathologiccfeaturescarec-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔neuronctangles,cplaquescandcdegeneration
ADcCMcIScWHATc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔forgetfulness,cemotionalcupset,cmemorycloss,cconfusion,cmoodcch
anges,cproblemcsolvingcandcjudgementcdifficulty
increasedcintracranialcpressurecorcIICPcisccausedcbycandcwhatcarecthec4cstagesc-
cCORRECTcANS✔✔increasedcincintracranialccontent,cstagec1cthereciscnocchangecincIC
P,cstagec2cthereciscslightcICPcchangecwithcexpansion,cstagec2ctherecischypoxicctissueca
ndcdeterioration,cstagec4ctherecischerniationcofcbrainctissue
