NR 507 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis: - Answer-
indwelling foley catheter
The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts - Answer-
true
Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria
are gram negative because of the presence of: - Answer-nitrites
A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency,
frequency and burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that
contains an odor. It is likely that the NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit. -
Answer-true - NP will want to rule out STD
The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because: -
Answer-The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotics
A common organism that causes a urinary tract infection include: - Answer-
Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
The purpose of straining in BPH is to overcome the obstruction encountered during
urination. - Answer-true
The peripheral zone of the prostate is the largest zone. - Answer-true
On a digital rectal exam to assess the quality of the prostate, the NP would be
concerned with which of the following findings? - Answer-a hard nodule
There is a significant risk for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to develop
cellular mutations that lead to prostate cancer. - Answer-false - BPH does not lead to
prostate cancer
The patient most often develops symptoms of BPH when: - Answer-The prostatic
urethra becomes obstructed.
A 72- year-old male presents to the primary care office with complaints of lower urinary
frequency and urgency that have become progressively worse over the last 6 months.
He also reports having to get up more than 5 times/night to urinate where he feels like
his bladder is never emptied. He is especially embarrassed because of "leaking" after
urination. He denies any fever, weight loss or bone pain. His only medical history is
hypertension where he takes atenolol 50 mg po daily and Aspirin 81 mg daily. His family
, history is negative for malignancy. A urinalysis was performed with negative results,
ruling out UTI.
The NP performs a focused urological exam and notes the following:
Digital rectal exam (DRE): a profusely enlarged prostate with normal shape and
symmetry. No nodularity or tenderness is noted.
Palpation of the suprapubic area reveals some bladder distention and discomfort.
Currently, the NP opts to prescri - Answer-Irritative:
- Urinary frequency, nocturia, urgency that results from bladder hypertrophy and
dysfunction
Obstructive:
-Incomplete emptying, postvoid dribbling
The action of a 5-Alpha-reductase inhibitor causes: - Answer-Shrinkage of the prostate
gland
Men who have BPH are prone to developing a UTI because: - Answer-Stagnated urine
in the bladder promotes bacterial growth.
The prostate specific antigen (PSA) helps to liquefy semen post-ejaculation. - Answer-
true
The underlying cause of BPH is that normal prostate cells respond to increases in
dihydrotestosterone that causes them to live longer and multiply. - Answer-true
The location of the characteristic hyperplastic nodules of BPH is: - Answer-In the
periurethral zone.
The type of stone that forms due to a urinary tract infection is: - Answer-Struvite stone
Renal stones are formed when calcium and oxalate in the urine combine. - Answer-true
Renal calculi are typically confined to the bladder. - Answer-false
The most common type of stone is: - Answer-calcium stone
The gold standard for diagnosing a renal stone is a urinalysis. - Answer-false (CT scan)
A 45-year-old male presents to the primary care office with right flank pain that he
describes as unremitting; he also reports nausea and vomiting. The NP performs an
exam and observes him writhing in pain on the exam table with the inability to find a
comfortable position. He is afebrile, BP 156/88 mmHg and HR 106/min. Right flank is
mildly tender on palpation. Abdominal exam is negative for any abnormality. A urinalysis
was performed and revealed 1+ blood. Urine microscopy also revealed 10-20 RBCs per
high-power field (hpf). A kidney stone is suspected. The patient reports no prior history
of a kidney stone. After providing the patient an analgesic, where the patient reported
mild relief, the NP had the patient transferred to the emergency room for intravenous
ANSWERS
Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis: - Answer-
indwelling foley catheter
The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts - Answer-
true
Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria
are gram negative because of the presence of: - Answer-nitrites
A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency,
frequency and burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that
contains an odor. It is likely that the NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit. -
Answer-true - NP will want to rule out STD
The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because: -
Answer-The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotics
A common organism that causes a urinary tract infection include: - Answer-
Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
The purpose of straining in BPH is to overcome the obstruction encountered during
urination. - Answer-true
The peripheral zone of the prostate is the largest zone. - Answer-true
On a digital rectal exam to assess the quality of the prostate, the NP would be
concerned with which of the following findings? - Answer-a hard nodule
There is a significant risk for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to develop
cellular mutations that lead to prostate cancer. - Answer-false - BPH does not lead to
prostate cancer
The patient most often develops symptoms of BPH when: - Answer-The prostatic
urethra becomes obstructed.
A 72- year-old male presents to the primary care office with complaints of lower urinary
frequency and urgency that have become progressively worse over the last 6 months.
He also reports having to get up more than 5 times/night to urinate where he feels like
his bladder is never emptied. He is especially embarrassed because of "leaking" after
urination. He denies any fever, weight loss or bone pain. His only medical history is
hypertension where he takes atenolol 50 mg po daily and Aspirin 81 mg daily. His family
, history is negative for malignancy. A urinalysis was performed with negative results,
ruling out UTI.
The NP performs a focused urological exam and notes the following:
Digital rectal exam (DRE): a profusely enlarged prostate with normal shape and
symmetry. No nodularity or tenderness is noted.
Palpation of the suprapubic area reveals some bladder distention and discomfort.
Currently, the NP opts to prescri - Answer-Irritative:
- Urinary frequency, nocturia, urgency that results from bladder hypertrophy and
dysfunction
Obstructive:
-Incomplete emptying, postvoid dribbling
The action of a 5-Alpha-reductase inhibitor causes: - Answer-Shrinkage of the prostate
gland
Men who have BPH are prone to developing a UTI because: - Answer-Stagnated urine
in the bladder promotes bacterial growth.
The prostate specific antigen (PSA) helps to liquefy semen post-ejaculation. - Answer-
true
The underlying cause of BPH is that normal prostate cells respond to increases in
dihydrotestosterone that causes them to live longer and multiply. - Answer-true
The location of the characteristic hyperplastic nodules of BPH is: - Answer-In the
periurethral zone.
The type of stone that forms due to a urinary tract infection is: - Answer-Struvite stone
Renal stones are formed when calcium and oxalate in the urine combine. - Answer-true
Renal calculi are typically confined to the bladder. - Answer-false
The most common type of stone is: - Answer-calcium stone
The gold standard for diagnosing a renal stone is a urinalysis. - Answer-false (CT scan)
A 45-year-old male presents to the primary care office with right flank pain that he
describes as unremitting; he also reports nausea and vomiting. The NP performs an
exam and observes him writhing in pain on the exam table with the inability to find a
comfortable position. He is afebrile, BP 156/88 mmHg and HR 106/min. Right flank is
mildly tender on palpation. Abdominal exam is negative for any abnormality. A urinalysis
was performed and revealed 1+ blood. Urine microscopy also revealed 10-20 RBCs per
high-power field (hpf). A kidney stone is suspected. The patient reports no prior history
of a kidney stone. After providing the patient an analgesic, where the patient reported
mild relief, the NP had the patient transferred to the emergency room for intravenous
