Test Bank For Stahl's Essential Psychopharma
` ` ` ` `
cology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Ap
` ` ` ` `
plications 5th Edition By Stephen M. Stahl
` ` ` ` ` `
, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology
` `
Neuroscientific`Basis`and`Practical`Applications`5th`Edition`Testbank/Study`Guide
Chapter`1`Chemical`neurotransmission
MULTIPLE`CHOICE
1. A`patient`with`depression`mentions`to`the`nurse,`My`mother`says`depression`is`a`c
hemical`disorder.`What`does`she`mean?`The`nurses`response`is`based`on`the`theory`th
at`depression`primarily`involves`which`of`the`following`neurotransmitters?
a. Cortisol`and`GABA
b. COMT`and`glutamate
c. Monamine`and`glycine
d. Serotonin`and`norepinephrine
`ANS:`D
One`possible`cause`of`depression`is`thought`to`involve`one`or`more`neurotransmitters.
Serotonin`and`norepinephrine`have`been`found`to`be`important`in`the`regulation`of`d
epression.`There`is`no`research`to`support`that`the`other`options`play`a`significant`rol
e`in`the`development`of`depression.
2. A`patient`has`experienced`a`stroke`(cerebral`vascular`accident)`that`has`resulted`in`d
amage`to`the`Broca`area.`Which`evaluation`does`the`nurse`conduct`to`reinforce`this`di
agnosis?
a. Observing`the`patient`pick`up`a`spoon
b. Asking`the`patient`to`recite`the`alphabet
c. Monitoring`the`patients`blood`pressure
d. Comparing`the`patients`grip`strength`in`both`hands`
ANS:`B
Accidents`or`strokes`that`damage`Brocas`area`may`result`in`the`inability`to`speak`(i.e.,
motor`aphasia).`Fine`motor`skills,`blood`pressure`control,`and`muscle`strength`are`not`controlle
d`by`the`Broca`area`of`the`left`frontal`lobe.
3. The`patient`diagnosed`with`schizophrenia`asks`why`psychotropic`medications`are`a
lways`prescribed`by`the`doctor.`The`nurses`answer`will`be`based`on`information`that`th
e`therapeutic`action`of`psychotropic`drugs`is`the`result`of`their`effect`on:
a. The`temporal`lobe;`especially`Wernickes`area
b. Dendrites`and`their`ability`to`transmit`electrical`impulses
c. The`regulation`of`neurotransmitters`especially`dopamine
d. The`peripheral`nervous`system`sensitivity`to`the`psychotropic`medications
,ANS:`C
Medications`used`to`treat`psychiatric`disorders`operate`in`and`around`the`synaptic`cleft`a
nd`have`action`at`the`neurotransmitter`level,`especially`in`the`case`of`schizophrenia,`on`
dopamine.`The`Wernickes`area,`dendrite`function,`or`the`sensitivity`of`the`peripheral`ne
rvous`system`are`not`relevant`to`either`schizophrenia`or`psychotropic`medications.
4. A`student`nurse`mutters`that`it`seems`entirely`unnecessary`to`have`to`struggle`with`u
nderstanding`the`anatomy`and`physiology`of`the`neurologic`system.`The`mentor`woul
d`base`a`response`on`the`understanding`that`it`is:
Necessary`but`generally`for`psychiatric`nurses`who`focus`primarily`on
a. behavioral`interventions
A`complex`undertaking`that`advance`practice`psychiatric`nurses`frequently`use`i
b. n`their`practice
Important`primarily`for`the`nursing`assessment`of`patients`with`brain`traumacaus
c. ed`cognitive`symptoms
Necessary`for`planning`psychiatric`care`for`all`patients`especially`those`experien
d. cing`psychiatric`disorders
ANS:`D
Nurses`must`understand`that`many`symptoms`of`psychiatric`disorders`have`a`neurologi
c`basis,`although`the`symptoms`are`manifested`behaviorally.`This`understanding`facilit
ates`effective`care`planning.`The`foundation`of`knowledge`is`not`used`exclusively`by`ad
vanced`practice`psychiatric`nurses`nor`is`it`relevant`for`only`behavior`therapies`or`brain`
trauma`since`dealing`with`the`results`of`normal`and`abnormal`brain`function`is`a`respon
sibility`of`all`nurses`providing`all`types`of`care`to`the`psychiatric`patient.
5. A`patient`asks`the`nurse,`My`wife`has`breast`cancer.`Could`it`be`caused`by`her`c
hronic`depression?`Which`response`is`supported`by`research`data?
a. Too`much`stress`has`been`proven`to`cause`all`kinds`of`cancer.
b. There`have`been`no`research`studies`done`on`stress`and`disease`yet.
c. Stress`does`cause`the`release`of`factors`that`suppress`the`immune`system.
d. There`appears`to`be`little`connection`between`stress`and`diseases`of`the`body`
ANS:`C
Research`indicates`that`stress`causes`a`release`of`corticotropin-releasing`factors`that
suppress`the`immune`system.`Studies`indicate`that`psychiatric`disorders`such`as`mood`d
isorders`are`sometimes`associated`with`decreased`functioning`of`the`immune`system.`Re
search`does`not`support`a`connection`between`many`cancers`and`stress.`There`is`a`signif
icant`amount`of`research`about`stress`and`the`body.`Research`has`shown`that`there`are`s
ome`connections`between`stress`and`physical`disease.
, 6. A`patient`who`has`a`parietal`lobe`injury`is`being`evaluated`for`psychiatric`rehabilitat
ion`needs.`Of`the`aspects`of`functioning`listed,`which`will`the`nurse`identify`as`a`focus`o
f`nursing`intervention?
a. Expression`of`emotion
b. Detecting`auditory`stimuli
c. Receiving`visual`images
d. Processing`associations`
ANS:`D
The`parietal`lobe`is`responsible`for`associating`and`processing`sensory`information
that`allows`for`functions`such`as`following`directions`on`a`map,`reading`a`clock,`dressin
g`self,`keeping`appointments,`and`distinguishing`right`from`left.`Emotional`expression`i
s`associated`with`frontal`lobe`function.`Detecting`auditory`stimuli`is`a`temporal`lobe`fun
ction.`Receiving`visual`images`is`related`to`occipital`lobe`function.
7. At`admission,`the`nurse`learns`that`some`time`ago`the`patient`had`an`infarct`in`the`ri
ght`cerebral`cortex.`During`assessment,`the`nurse`would`expect`to`find`that`the`patien
t:
a. Demonstrates`major`deficiencies`in`speech
b. Is`unable`to`effectively`hold`a`spoon`in`the`left`hand
c. Has`difficulty`explaining`how`to`go`about`using`the`telephone
d. Cannot`use`his`right`hand`to`shave`himself`or`comb`his`own`hair`
ANS:`B
The`cerebral`hemispheres`are`responsible`for`functions`such`as`control`of`muscles.
The`right`hemisphere`mainly`controls`the`motor`and`sensory`functions`on`the`left`side`o
f`the`body.`Damage`to`the`right`side`would`result`in`impaired`function`on`the`left`side`o
f`the`body.`The`motor`cortex`controls`voluntary`motor`activity.`Brocas`area`controls`m
otor`speech.`Cognitive`functions`are`attributed`to`the`association`cortex.
The`right`side`of`the`bodys`motor`activity`is`controlled`by`the`left`cerebral`cortex.
8. A`patient`with`chronic`schizophrenia`had`a`stroke`involving`the`hippocampus.`The`p
atient`will`be`discharged`on`low`doses`of`haloperidol.`The`nurse`will`need`to`individu
alize`the`patients`medication`teaching`by:
a. Including`the`patients`caregiver`in`the`education
b. Being`careful`to`stress`the`importance`of`taking`the`medication`as`prescribed`
Providing`the`education`at`a`time`when`the`patient`is`emotionally`calm`and
c. relaxed
Encouraging`the`patient`to`crush`or`dissolve`the`medication`to`help`with`swallow
d. ing
ANS:`A
WWW.TESTBANKTANK.COM
` ` ` ` `
cology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Ap
` ` ` ` `
plications 5th Edition By Stephen M. Stahl
` ` ` ` ` `
, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology
` `
Neuroscientific`Basis`and`Practical`Applications`5th`Edition`Testbank/Study`Guide
Chapter`1`Chemical`neurotransmission
MULTIPLE`CHOICE
1. A`patient`with`depression`mentions`to`the`nurse,`My`mother`says`depression`is`a`c
hemical`disorder.`What`does`she`mean?`The`nurses`response`is`based`on`the`theory`th
at`depression`primarily`involves`which`of`the`following`neurotransmitters?
a. Cortisol`and`GABA
b. COMT`and`glutamate
c. Monamine`and`glycine
d. Serotonin`and`norepinephrine
`ANS:`D
One`possible`cause`of`depression`is`thought`to`involve`one`or`more`neurotransmitters.
Serotonin`and`norepinephrine`have`been`found`to`be`important`in`the`regulation`of`d
epression.`There`is`no`research`to`support`that`the`other`options`play`a`significant`rol
e`in`the`development`of`depression.
2. A`patient`has`experienced`a`stroke`(cerebral`vascular`accident)`that`has`resulted`in`d
amage`to`the`Broca`area.`Which`evaluation`does`the`nurse`conduct`to`reinforce`this`di
agnosis?
a. Observing`the`patient`pick`up`a`spoon
b. Asking`the`patient`to`recite`the`alphabet
c. Monitoring`the`patients`blood`pressure
d. Comparing`the`patients`grip`strength`in`both`hands`
ANS:`B
Accidents`or`strokes`that`damage`Brocas`area`may`result`in`the`inability`to`speak`(i.e.,
motor`aphasia).`Fine`motor`skills,`blood`pressure`control,`and`muscle`strength`are`not`controlle
d`by`the`Broca`area`of`the`left`frontal`lobe.
3. The`patient`diagnosed`with`schizophrenia`asks`why`psychotropic`medications`are`a
lways`prescribed`by`the`doctor.`The`nurses`answer`will`be`based`on`information`that`th
e`therapeutic`action`of`psychotropic`drugs`is`the`result`of`their`effect`on:
a. The`temporal`lobe;`especially`Wernickes`area
b. Dendrites`and`their`ability`to`transmit`electrical`impulses
c. The`regulation`of`neurotransmitters`especially`dopamine
d. The`peripheral`nervous`system`sensitivity`to`the`psychotropic`medications
,ANS:`C
Medications`used`to`treat`psychiatric`disorders`operate`in`and`around`the`synaptic`cleft`a
nd`have`action`at`the`neurotransmitter`level,`especially`in`the`case`of`schizophrenia,`on`
dopamine.`The`Wernickes`area,`dendrite`function,`or`the`sensitivity`of`the`peripheral`ne
rvous`system`are`not`relevant`to`either`schizophrenia`or`psychotropic`medications.
4. A`student`nurse`mutters`that`it`seems`entirely`unnecessary`to`have`to`struggle`with`u
nderstanding`the`anatomy`and`physiology`of`the`neurologic`system.`The`mentor`woul
d`base`a`response`on`the`understanding`that`it`is:
Necessary`but`generally`for`psychiatric`nurses`who`focus`primarily`on
a. behavioral`interventions
A`complex`undertaking`that`advance`practice`psychiatric`nurses`frequently`use`i
b. n`their`practice
Important`primarily`for`the`nursing`assessment`of`patients`with`brain`traumacaus
c. ed`cognitive`symptoms
Necessary`for`planning`psychiatric`care`for`all`patients`especially`those`experien
d. cing`psychiatric`disorders
ANS:`D
Nurses`must`understand`that`many`symptoms`of`psychiatric`disorders`have`a`neurologi
c`basis,`although`the`symptoms`are`manifested`behaviorally.`This`understanding`facilit
ates`effective`care`planning.`The`foundation`of`knowledge`is`not`used`exclusively`by`ad
vanced`practice`psychiatric`nurses`nor`is`it`relevant`for`only`behavior`therapies`or`brain`
trauma`since`dealing`with`the`results`of`normal`and`abnormal`brain`function`is`a`respon
sibility`of`all`nurses`providing`all`types`of`care`to`the`psychiatric`patient.
5. A`patient`asks`the`nurse,`My`wife`has`breast`cancer.`Could`it`be`caused`by`her`c
hronic`depression?`Which`response`is`supported`by`research`data?
a. Too`much`stress`has`been`proven`to`cause`all`kinds`of`cancer.
b. There`have`been`no`research`studies`done`on`stress`and`disease`yet.
c. Stress`does`cause`the`release`of`factors`that`suppress`the`immune`system.
d. There`appears`to`be`little`connection`between`stress`and`diseases`of`the`body`
ANS:`C
Research`indicates`that`stress`causes`a`release`of`corticotropin-releasing`factors`that
suppress`the`immune`system.`Studies`indicate`that`psychiatric`disorders`such`as`mood`d
isorders`are`sometimes`associated`with`decreased`functioning`of`the`immune`system.`Re
search`does`not`support`a`connection`between`many`cancers`and`stress.`There`is`a`signif
icant`amount`of`research`about`stress`and`the`body.`Research`has`shown`that`there`are`s
ome`connections`between`stress`and`physical`disease.
, 6. A`patient`who`has`a`parietal`lobe`injury`is`being`evaluated`for`psychiatric`rehabilitat
ion`needs.`Of`the`aspects`of`functioning`listed,`which`will`the`nurse`identify`as`a`focus`o
f`nursing`intervention?
a. Expression`of`emotion
b. Detecting`auditory`stimuli
c. Receiving`visual`images
d. Processing`associations`
ANS:`D
The`parietal`lobe`is`responsible`for`associating`and`processing`sensory`information
that`allows`for`functions`such`as`following`directions`on`a`map,`reading`a`clock,`dressin
g`self,`keeping`appointments,`and`distinguishing`right`from`left.`Emotional`expression`i
s`associated`with`frontal`lobe`function.`Detecting`auditory`stimuli`is`a`temporal`lobe`fun
ction.`Receiving`visual`images`is`related`to`occipital`lobe`function.
7. At`admission,`the`nurse`learns`that`some`time`ago`the`patient`had`an`infarct`in`the`ri
ght`cerebral`cortex.`During`assessment,`the`nurse`would`expect`to`find`that`the`patien
t:
a. Demonstrates`major`deficiencies`in`speech
b. Is`unable`to`effectively`hold`a`spoon`in`the`left`hand
c. Has`difficulty`explaining`how`to`go`about`using`the`telephone
d. Cannot`use`his`right`hand`to`shave`himself`or`comb`his`own`hair`
ANS:`B
The`cerebral`hemispheres`are`responsible`for`functions`such`as`control`of`muscles.
The`right`hemisphere`mainly`controls`the`motor`and`sensory`functions`on`the`left`side`o
f`the`body.`Damage`to`the`right`side`would`result`in`impaired`function`on`the`left`side`o
f`the`body.`The`motor`cortex`controls`voluntary`motor`activity.`Brocas`area`controls`m
otor`speech.`Cognitive`functions`are`attributed`to`the`association`cortex.
The`right`side`of`the`bodys`motor`activity`is`controlled`by`the`left`cerebral`cortex.
8. A`patient`with`chronic`schizophrenia`had`a`stroke`involving`the`hippocampus.`The`p
atient`will`be`discharged`on`low`doses`of`haloperidol.`The`nurse`will`need`to`individu
alize`the`patients`medication`teaching`by:
a. Including`the`patients`caregiver`in`the`education
b. Being`careful`to`stress`the`importance`of`taking`the`medication`as`prescribed`
Providing`the`education`at`a`time`when`the`patient`is`emotionally`calm`and
c. relaxed
Encouraging`the`patient`to`crush`or`dissolve`the`medication`to`help`with`swallow
d. ing
ANS:`A
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