INTRODUCTION TO NEUROSCIENCE FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

INTRODUCTION TO NEUROSCIENCE
FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
absorptiveZphaseZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
thirdZphaseZinZinsulinZreleaseZthatZlastsZwellZbeyondZtheZcessationZofZeatingZtoZensureZthat
ZallZextraZglucoseZgetsZtakenZupZintoZcells




accelerate,Zperspiration,ZdilationZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
EndothermicZthermoregulationZduringZHOTZtemperaturesZ(remember,ZallZofZthisZisZhappe
ningZatZtheZSAMEZtime):
1)Z______Zbreathing
2)ZincreaseZinZ________
3)Z______ZofZbloodZvessels
...youZknowZwhatZhappensZwhenZyouZgetZhotZlezZbeZrealZ>____>

acruateZnucleusZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
whatZintegratesZpeptideZsignalsZfromZtheZgutZtoZregulateZfoodZintakeZandZsatiety?

actogramZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-anZactivityZrecordZthatZmeasuresZcircadianZactivity

AgRPZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-aZcompetitiveZligandZforZalpha-
MSHZreceptorsZonZtheZLHZandZblocksZtheZeffectsZofZalpha-MSHZonZtheZLH

alphaZrhythm,ZvertexZspikesZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
stageZ1ZofZsleepZisZcharacterizedZbyZwhatZkindZofZrhythms?ZwhatZappears?

angiotensinZIIZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-whatZisZtheZmostZactiveZcompoundZinZtheZreinin-
angiotensinZsystem?

angiotensin,Zrenin,ZAVP,Zsalt,ZdrinkingZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-HowZtheZrenin-
angiotensinZsystemZworks:
1)Z______ZandZ______ZpowerfullyZconstrictsZbloodZvessels
2)ZthisZcausesZ_____Zsecretion
3)ZwhichZcausesZ____Zretention
4)ZwhichZcausesZ______.

anorexogenicZsystemZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
whichZsystemZdecreasesZappetiteZandZfeedingZviaZPOMC/CARTZneurons?

,anterogradeZamnesiaZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
theZinabilityZtoZformZnewZmemoriesZafterZtheZonsetZofZbrainZdamage/illness

AplysiaZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
organismZthatZwasZusedZtoZstudyZlearningZandZmemory,ZparticularlyZsynapticZplasticityZviaZ
itsZgillZwithdrawalZresponse

aquaporinsZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
cellZmembraneZproteinsZthatZallowZforZwaterZtoZpassZfreelyZthroughZcellZmembranesZviaZos
mosis

atoniaZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-whereZtheZmusclesZareZnotZactiveZatZall

atrialZnatriureticZpeptideZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
usuallyZreducesZbloodZpressure,ZinhibitsZdrinking,ZandZpromotesZexcretionZofZwaterZandZs
altZviaZtheZkidneys

baroreceptorsZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
stretchZreceptorsZinZtheZheartZandZmajorZbloodZvesselsZthatZcanZdetectZchangeZinZvolumeZ
andZleadZtoZthirstZandZhungerZsignals.ZItZcausesZtheZconstrictionZofZbloodZvessels.

baroreceptors,ZNST,ZPVN,ZSON,ZAVP,ZkidneysZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
oneZofZtheZroutesZthatZvasopressinZconservesZwaterZ(thisZisZtheZINSENSITIVEZrouteZandZr
equiresZtheZlossZofZaZLOTZofZwaterZtoZbeZactivated):
1)Z_______ZdetectZaZchangeZinZvolumeZofZwater
2)ZthisZsignalsZtheZ______
3)ZwhichZsignalsZtheZ_____ZandZ_____ZofZtheZhypothalamus
4)ZthisZcausesZtheZhypothalamusZtoZreleaseZ_____
5)ZtheZhormoneZbindsZtoZreceptorsZonZtheZ_______
6)ZconservationZofZwater!

basalZforebrain,ZreticularZformation,ZlocusZcoeruleusZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
orexinZneuronsZprojectZtoZtheZ_____Z_____Z(slowZwaveZsleep),ZtheZ_____Z_____Z(wakeful
ness),ZandZtheZREMZregionZinZtheZ____Z______,ZandZthisZsystemZcontrolsZwhetherZorZnotZ
weZareZawakeZinZSWSZorZinZREM

betaZrhythmZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-wakingZisZcharacterizedZbyZwhatZkindZofZrhythms?

bodyZweightZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
theZcontrolZofZfoodZintakeZisZconnectedZtoZtheZmaintenanceZofZ____Z_____

both,ZleanZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
2ZleanZratsZthatZareZaZparabioticZpairZwillZ_____ZmaintainZaZ_____ZbodyZweight

, both,ZobeseZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
2ZobeseZratsZthatZareZaZparabioticZpairZwillZ_______ZmaintainZanZ_______ZbodyZweight

BremerZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
heZshowedZthatZtheZbrainZdoesZnotZneedZtheZbodyZtoZdoZsleepZbyZseveringZtheZmedullaZfro
mZtheZspinalZcordZandZobservingZthatZanimalsZwillZstillZalternateZbetweenZwakefulnessZand
Zsleep




cephalicZphaseZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
firstZphaseZinZinsulinZreleaseZthatZisZtheZanticipatoryZreleaseZinZresponseZtoZtheZsightZandZs
mellZofZfood.ZThisZisZthoughtZtoZbeZaZconditionedZresponseZtoZallowZforZthereZtoZbeZsufficie
ntZamountsZofZinsulinZinZtheZbloodstream

cephalicZphase,ZdigestiveZphase,ZandZabsorptiveZphaseZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
whatZareZtheZ3ZphasesZofZinsulinZreleaseZinZtheZbloodZplasma?

changeZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
sleepZpatternsZ_______ZacrossZlifeZspans.ZInfantsZsleepZcyclesZareZshorterZandZhaveZmor
eZREMZsleep,ZandZtheZamountZofZsleepZasZweZgrowZolderZdecreases

circadianZrhythmsZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
changesZinZphysiologicalZandZbiochemicalZprocessesZinZtheZbodyZacrossZtheZdayZthatZareZ
drivenZendogenouslyZandZareZremarkablyZprecise.ZTheseZalsoZareZableZtoZsynchronizeZbe
haviorZandZbodyZstatesZtoZchangesZinZtheZenvironment,ZandZtheyZallowZforZanimalsZtoZanti
cipateZperiodicZeventsZinZtheirZenvironment

consolidationZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
REMZhasZbeenZthoughtZtoZcontributeZtoZtheZ_______ZofZmemory

constantly,ZhighZmetabolicZratesZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
smallZbodiesZhaveZmoreZradiativeZsurfaceZperZunitZbodyZweight,ZsoZtheyZmustZeatZ______
_ZandZmaintainZ______Z______Z_____.

CREBZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
proteinZthatZstandsZforZphosphorylationZCAMPZresponsiveZelement-
bingZproteinZandZcanZregulateZtheZtranscriptionZofZoverZ100ZgenesZandZalterZtheZgrowthZan
dZdifferentiationZofZneurons.

CREBZIZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-CREBZproteinZthatZactivatesZtranscription

CREBZIIZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-CREBZproteinZthatZrepressesZtranscription

dbdbZmouseZ-ZCORRECTZZANSWER-
aZmouseZthatZhasZaZmutationZthatZmakesZitZLACKZreceptorsZforZleptin,ZbutZtheyZstillZhaveZle
ptinZcirculatingZinZtheirZsystem