IMED1004 Sleep Test Questions with 100%
Correct Solutions
Which enzymes mediate production of melatonin? - ANSWER Serotonin-N-acetyl-
transferase (SNAT)
Hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT)
SNAT - ANSWER serotonin-N-acetyl-transferase
HIOMT - ANSWER hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase
How are SNAT and HIOMT regulated? - ANSWER inhibited by light, enzyme activity
rises soon after onset of darkness
Production of melatonin - ANSWER 1. SNAT adds N-acetyl group to serotonin to
produce N-acetylserotonin
2. N-acetylserotonin converted to melatonin by HIOMT
Key factor in homeostatic sleep drive - ANSWER adenosine
How is adenosine involved in sleep? - ANSWER it is a by-product of energy consumption
by cells; accumulates during wakefulness and high levels of it increase sleep drive
How does caffeine affect sleep? - ANSWER - has similar structure to adenosine hence
acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist
- blocks tiring effects of adenosine
Receptor antagonist - ANSWER a drug that binds to a receptor and inhibits its function
, How does reduced sleep impact natural killer cell activity? - ANSWER one night of 4
hours sleep reduces natural killer cell activity by 70%
How does reduced sleep impact vaccine efficiency? - ANSWER less than 50%
of antibodies produced if recipient has poor sleep
How does sleep affect appetite and food choices? - ANSWER Appetite
- sleep deprivation increase ghrelin (hunger hormone) and lowers leptin (satiety
hormone)
Food choice
- sleep deprived individuals crave processed carbohydrates
How does good sleep affect heart health and blood sugar? - ANSWER - lower risk of
cardiovascular disease
- better glucose regulation
How does sleep affect memory? - ANSWER REM sleep essential for memory
formation and retention; 40% decrease in memory
How does sleep affect creative insight? - ANSWER REM sleep important to
problem solving and creativity
How does sleep affect emotion and mood? - ANSWER amygdala is 60% more
reactive when sleep deprived; fight or flight response on high alert
Correct Solutions
Which enzymes mediate production of melatonin? - ANSWER Serotonin-N-acetyl-
transferase (SNAT)
Hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT)
SNAT - ANSWER serotonin-N-acetyl-transferase
HIOMT - ANSWER hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase
How are SNAT and HIOMT regulated? - ANSWER inhibited by light, enzyme activity
rises soon after onset of darkness
Production of melatonin - ANSWER 1. SNAT adds N-acetyl group to serotonin to
produce N-acetylserotonin
2. N-acetylserotonin converted to melatonin by HIOMT
Key factor in homeostatic sleep drive - ANSWER adenosine
How is adenosine involved in sleep? - ANSWER it is a by-product of energy consumption
by cells; accumulates during wakefulness and high levels of it increase sleep drive
How does caffeine affect sleep? - ANSWER - has similar structure to adenosine hence
acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist
- blocks tiring effects of adenosine
Receptor antagonist - ANSWER a drug that binds to a receptor and inhibits its function
, How does reduced sleep impact natural killer cell activity? - ANSWER one night of 4
hours sleep reduces natural killer cell activity by 70%
How does reduced sleep impact vaccine efficiency? - ANSWER less than 50%
of antibodies produced if recipient has poor sleep
How does sleep affect appetite and food choices? - ANSWER Appetite
- sleep deprivation increase ghrelin (hunger hormone) and lowers leptin (satiety
hormone)
Food choice
- sleep deprived individuals crave processed carbohydrates
How does good sleep affect heart health and blood sugar? - ANSWER - lower risk of
cardiovascular disease
- better glucose regulation
How does sleep affect memory? - ANSWER REM sleep essential for memory
formation and retention; 40% decrease in memory
How does sleep affect creative insight? - ANSWER REM sleep important to
problem solving and creativity
How does sleep affect emotion and mood? - ANSWER amygdala is 60% more
reactive when sleep deprived; fight or flight response on high alert
