South Carolina Biology EOC Review
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Observation - ✔✔process of gathering information about events or processes in an
orderly way
Data - ✔✔info gathered from observations
Inferences - ✔✔logical interpretations on prior knowledge or experience
What must a hypothesis be? - ✔✔Testable
how many variables are in a good exp - ✔✔1
what are constants/controlled variables - ✔✔factors that stay the same
what is the Independent variable - ✔✔the factor being manipulated
what is the dependent variable - ✔✔factor being measured
theory - ✔✔explanation that applies to broad range of phenomena and are supported
evidence
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,scientific law - ✔✔statement that describes some part of the phenomena that is always
true
polymerization - ✔✔when macro molecules are formed through attaching monomers
monomers - ✔✔basic unit of macromolecules
polymers - ✔✔a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules together
what are monosaccharides - ✔✔has one monomer; carbohydrate
disaccharide - ✔✔have two monomers; carbohydrate
denatured - ✔✔to become inactive; refers to a protein
substrate - ✔✔the reaction of an enzyme reaction
cell theory - ✔✔1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
cell wall - ✔✔surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
cell membrane - ✔✔A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
nucleus - ✔✔contains the cell's DNA
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,cytoskeleton - ✔✔found throughout the cytoplasm and supports the cell
centrioles - ✔✔involved in cell division
cell wall, vacuole, cytoskeleton - ✔✔provides support to plant cells
ribosomes - ✔✔involved in protein synthesis
chloroplast - ✔✔Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
cytoplasm - ✔✔A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
nucleus - ✔✔A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
vacuole - ✔✔stores water, enzymes, and waste products
mitochondria - ✔✔makes energy in the form of ATP
lysosomes - ✔✔contains digestive enzymes
Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies) - ✔✔process and packages proteins and
other substances
flagella - ✔✔whip like structure used for movement
nuclear envelope or nuclear membrane - ✔✔surrounds the nucleus
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, ribosomes - ✔✔can be either free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum; site of protein synthesis
rough ER - ✔✔prepares proteins for export or insertion into cell membrane; has
ribosomes
smooth ER - ✔✔builds lipids; no ribosomes
nucleolus - ✔✔makes ribosmal RNA
cilia - ✔✔hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cell; used for movement
characteristics of viruses - ✔✔1. too small to be seen with a light microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
what two organelles are not in animal cells - ✔✔cell wall and chloroplast
Why should one use a graduated cylinder instead of a flask or beaker - ✔✔they are not
calibrated to measure liquids accurately
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Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Observation - ✔✔process of gathering information about events or processes in an
orderly way
Data - ✔✔info gathered from observations
Inferences - ✔✔logical interpretations on prior knowledge or experience
What must a hypothesis be? - ✔✔Testable
how many variables are in a good exp - ✔✔1
what are constants/controlled variables - ✔✔factors that stay the same
what is the Independent variable - ✔✔the factor being manipulated
what is the dependent variable - ✔✔factor being measured
theory - ✔✔explanation that applies to broad range of phenomena and are supported
evidence
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,scientific law - ✔✔statement that describes some part of the phenomena that is always
true
polymerization - ✔✔when macro molecules are formed through attaching monomers
monomers - ✔✔basic unit of macromolecules
polymers - ✔✔a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules together
what are monosaccharides - ✔✔has one monomer; carbohydrate
disaccharide - ✔✔have two monomers; carbohydrate
denatured - ✔✔to become inactive; refers to a protein
substrate - ✔✔the reaction of an enzyme reaction
cell theory - ✔✔1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
cell wall - ✔✔surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
cell membrane - ✔✔A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
nucleus - ✔✔contains the cell's DNA
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,cytoskeleton - ✔✔found throughout the cytoplasm and supports the cell
centrioles - ✔✔involved in cell division
cell wall, vacuole, cytoskeleton - ✔✔provides support to plant cells
ribosomes - ✔✔involved in protein synthesis
chloroplast - ✔✔Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
cytoplasm - ✔✔A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
nucleus - ✔✔A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
vacuole - ✔✔stores water, enzymes, and waste products
mitochondria - ✔✔makes energy in the form of ATP
lysosomes - ✔✔contains digestive enzymes
Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies) - ✔✔process and packages proteins and
other substances
flagella - ✔✔whip like structure used for movement
nuclear envelope or nuclear membrane - ✔✔surrounds the nucleus
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, ribosomes - ✔✔can be either free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum; site of protein synthesis
rough ER - ✔✔prepares proteins for export or insertion into cell membrane; has
ribosomes
smooth ER - ✔✔builds lipids; no ribosomes
nucleolus - ✔✔makes ribosmal RNA
cilia - ✔✔hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cell; used for movement
characteristics of viruses - ✔✔1. too small to be seen with a light microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
what two organelles are not in animal cells - ✔✔cell wall and chloroplast
Why should one use a graduated cylinder instead of a flask or beaker - ✔✔they are not
calibrated to measure liquids accurately
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 4
