ISSA EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
What are the components of muscle mechanics? - ANSWER-joint action, joint makeup,
muscle involvement, and the relationships between the muscle groups
Where is the knee located? - ANSWER-at the end of the femur and tibia bones
What is the primary function of the knee? - ANSWER-flexes and extends the lower leg
The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant internal balance - ANSWER-
Homeostasis
The study of physical movement, and the active and passive structures involved -
ANSWER-Kinesiology
the "powerhouse" of the cell - ANSWER-Mitochondria
What makes up the skeletal system? - ANSWER-Bones and joints
What are the 5 main categories of bones? - ANSWER-Flat, long, irregular, short, and
sesamoid
Describe flat bones. - ANSWER-curved surface
What is the purpose of flat bones? - ANSWER-To provide protection
What are some examples of flat bones? - ANSWER-Ribs, sternum, clavicle, scapula,
ilium
What do long bones look like? - ANSWER-long and they have a cylindrical shaft
What is the function of long bones? - ANSWER-Provide structural support
What are some examples of long bones? - ANSWER-tibia, fibula, femur, radius, ulna,
humerus
Describe irregular bones? - ANSWER-vary in shape, size, and purpose
What are some examples of irregular bones? - ANSWER-bones of the spine, bones in
the ischium, pubis
What are ligaments? - ANSWER-connective tissue that connects bone to bone to form
joints
, What are joints? - ANSWER-the point where two bones connect
Synovial joints allow? - ANSWER-movement
Describe the muscular system. - ANSWER-muscle tissue that connects to bones for
movement to occur
How does muscle contraction occur? - ANSWER-an electrical trigger stimulates the
release of calcium, the calcium binds to the actin, myosin then pulls across the actin
which causes a shortening in the muscle and the muscle contracts
Define action. - ANSWER-the specific movements that each muscle is responsible for
Define innervation. - ANSWER-the specific distribution of nerves to a particular part of
the body
What are the two main types of muscles? - ANSWER-Type I and type II
Describe Type I muscles - ANSWER-slow twitch fibers and aerobic; good for endurance
Describe Type II muscles - ANSWER-fast twitch and anaerobic; good for strength
What are the 3 planes of motion? - ANSWER-frontal, sagittal, transverse
Describe the frontal plane of motion - ANSWER-divides the body in front and back,
creates side to side movement
What are some examples of exercises that occur in the front plane of motion? -
ANSWER-lateral raises, side lunges
Describe the sagittal plane of motion - ANSWER-divides the body into left and right, the
planes slide forward and back
What are some examples of exercise performed in the sagittal plane of motion? -
ANSWER-lunges, bicep curls, squats, and walking
Describe the transverse plane of motion - ANSWER-divides the body into top and
bottom half; where rotation occurs
What is an example of exercises performed in the transverse plane of motion? -
ANSWER-rotational exercises
How are muscles classified? - ANSWER-According to the movements they elicit
What is the agonist? - ANSWER-prime mover
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
What are the components of muscle mechanics? - ANSWER-joint action, joint makeup,
muscle involvement, and the relationships between the muscle groups
Where is the knee located? - ANSWER-at the end of the femur and tibia bones
What is the primary function of the knee? - ANSWER-flexes and extends the lower leg
The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant internal balance - ANSWER-
Homeostasis
The study of physical movement, and the active and passive structures involved -
ANSWER-Kinesiology
the "powerhouse" of the cell - ANSWER-Mitochondria
What makes up the skeletal system? - ANSWER-Bones and joints
What are the 5 main categories of bones? - ANSWER-Flat, long, irregular, short, and
sesamoid
Describe flat bones. - ANSWER-curved surface
What is the purpose of flat bones? - ANSWER-To provide protection
What are some examples of flat bones? - ANSWER-Ribs, sternum, clavicle, scapula,
ilium
What do long bones look like? - ANSWER-long and they have a cylindrical shaft
What is the function of long bones? - ANSWER-Provide structural support
What are some examples of long bones? - ANSWER-tibia, fibula, femur, radius, ulna,
humerus
Describe irregular bones? - ANSWER-vary in shape, size, and purpose
What are some examples of irregular bones? - ANSWER-bones of the spine, bones in
the ischium, pubis
What are ligaments? - ANSWER-connective tissue that connects bone to bone to form
joints
, What are joints? - ANSWER-the point where two bones connect
Synovial joints allow? - ANSWER-movement
Describe the muscular system. - ANSWER-muscle tissue that connects to bones for
movement to occur
How does muscle contraction occur? - ANSWER-an electrical trigger stimulates the
release of calcium, the calcium binds to the actin, myosin then pulls across the actin
which causes a shortening in the muscle and the muscle contracts
Define action. - ANSWER-the specific movements that each muscle is responsible for
Define innervation. - ANSWER-the specific distribution of nerves to a particular part of
the body
What are the two main types of muscles? - ANSWER-Type I and type II
Describe Type I muscles - ANSWER-slow twitch fibers and aerobic; good for endurance
Describe Type II muscles - ANSWER-fast twitch and anaerobic; good for strength
What are the 3 planes of motion? - ANSWER-frontal, sagittal, transverse
Describe the frontal plane of motion - ANSWER-divides the body in front and back,
creates side to side movement
What are some examples of exercises that occur in the front plane of motion? -
ANSWER-lateral raises, side lunges
Describe the sagittal plane of motion - ANSWER-divides the body into left and right, the
planes slide forward and back
What are some examples of exercise performed in the sagittal plane of motion? -
ANSWER-lunges, bicep curls, squats, and walking
Describe the transverse plane of motion - ANSWER-divides the body into top and
bottom half; where rotation occurs
What is an example of exercises performed in the transverse plane of motion? -
ANSWER-rotational exercises
How are muscles classified? - ANSWER-According to the movements they elicit
What is the agonist? - ANSWER-prime mover
