BIOL 253 Exam 2 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
The course of __________ consists of three distinct stages that may span decades. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Syphilis
A child is born 1 month early. He is 10% below the normal weight for an infant born at this
gestational age, and his testes have not descended from the abdomen. The pediatrician is not
concerned but has made a note to watch in the coming visits for testicular descension. Which
consequence is the most significant concern if the testes do not descend? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Testicular torsion
What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron?
Question 1 options:
filtration of blood
selective reabsorption of potassium ions from the filtrate
active secretion of ions, acids, and other materials
reabsorption of urine - CORRECT ANSWER - Active secretion of ions, acids, and other
materials
What is the slowest but most effective control for acid-base balance? - CORRECT
ANSWER - kidneys
The capillaries of the glomerulus are ________. - CORRECT ANSWER - fenestrated
What does acidosis cause? - CORRECT ANSWER - CNS depression and drowsiness
The juxtaglomerular complex adjusts glomerular filtration rates by secretion of which hormones?
- CORRECT ANSWER - Renin and erythropoietin
, Which patient is at the greatest risk for developing respiratory alkalosis? - CORRECT
ANSWER - A 26-year-old female with anxiety who has been hyperventilating
The renal control mechanism of restoring the acid-base balance is accomplished through which
process? - CORRECT ANSWER - Reabsorption of carbonic acid and excretion of
hydrogen
The bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system helps maintain serum pH. The balance of the
carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion levels are controlled by the - CORRECT ANSWER -
lungs and kidney
The secondary function of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) to reabsorb sodium is controlled
by which hormone(s)? - CORRECT ANSWER - aldosterone
A patient with an increased plasma partial pressure carbon dioxide (PCO2) level and a decreased
pH level who is also exhibiting a headache and blurred vision would have a possible diagnosis of
which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER - Respiratory acidosis
Which acid-base disturbance is most likely to result in decreased respirations? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Metabolic alkalosis
What would a serum pH of 7.33 in a patient with kidney disease indicate? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Metabolic acidosis
The mechanism whereby benign enlargement of the prostate affects urinary function in older
men may be due to which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER - Compression of the
prostatic urethra
In patients with impaired expiration associated with emphysema, effective compensation for the
acid-base imbalance would be: - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased urine pH and increased
serum bicarbonate
Questions and CORRECT Answers
The course of __________ consists of three distinct stages that may span decades. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Syphilis
A child is born 1 month early. He is 10% below the normal weight for an infant born at this
gestational age, and his testes have not descended from the abdomen. The pediatrician is not
concerned but has made a note to watch in the coming visits for testicular descension. Which
consequence is the most significant concern if the testes do not descend? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Testicular torsion
What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron?
Question 1 options:
filtration of blood
selective reabsorption of potassium ions from the filtrate
active secretion of ions, acids, and other materials
reabsorption of urine - CORRECT ANSWER - Active secretion of ions, acids, and other
materials
What is the slowest but most effective control for acid-base balance? - CORRECT
ANSWER - kidneys
The capillaries of the glomerulus are ________. - CORRECT ANSWER - fenestrated
What does acidosis cause? - CORRECT ANSWER - CNS depression and drowsiness
The juxtaglomerular complex adjusts glomerular filtration rates by secretion of which hormones?
- CORRECT ANSWER - Renin and erythropoietin
, Which patient is at the greatest risk for developing respiratory alkalosis? - CORRECT
ANSWER - A 26-year-old female with anxiety who has been hyperventilating
The renal control mechanism of restoring the acid-base balance is accomplished through which
process? - CORRECT ANSWER - Reabsorption of carbonic acid and excretion of
hydrogen
The bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system helps maintain serum pH. The balance of the
carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion levels are controlled by the - CORRECT ANSWER -
lungs and kidney
The secondary function of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) to reabsorb sodium is controlled
by which hormone(s)? - CORRECT ANSWER - aldosterone
A patient with an increased plasma partial pressure carbon dioxide (PCO2) level and a decreased
pH level who is also exhibiting a headache and blurred vision would have a possible diagnosis of
which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER - Respiratory acidosis
Which acid-base disturbance is most likely to result in decreased respirations? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Metabolic alkalosis
What would a serum pH of 7.33 in a patient with kidney disease indicate? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Metabolic acidosis
The mechanism whereby benign enlargement of the prostate affects urinary function in older
men may be due to which of the following? - CORRECT ANSWER - Compression of the
prostatic urethra
In patients with impaired expiration associated with emphysema, effective compensation for the
acid-base imbalance would be: - CORRECT ANSWER - decreased urine pH and increased
serum bicarbonate
