HSCI 180 Final Exam Questions and
answers 2025
Antecedents .- .ANS✓✓-
a .variable .that .occurs .before .some .event, .such .as .the .initiation .of .drug .use.
Correlates .- .ANS✓✓-
a .variable .that .is .statistically .related .to .some .other .variable, .such .as .drug .use.
Gateway .- .ANS✓✓-one .of .the .first .drugs .
(e.g., .alcohol .or .tobacco) .used .by .a .typical .drug .user.
Harm .reduction .strategies .- .ANS✓✓-Measures .taken .to .address .drug .problems
Longitudinal .study .- .ANS✓✓-a .study .done .over .time .(months .or .years).
Marijuana .- .ANS✓✓-
also .spelled ."marihuana." .Dried .leaves .of .the .Cannabis .plant.
Protective .factors .- .ANS✓✓-variables .correlated .with .lower .rates .of .drug .use.
Psychoactive .- .ANS✓✓-having .effects .on .thoughts, .emotions, .or .behaviour.
Reinforcement .- .ANS✓✓-
a .procedure .in .which .a .behavioural .event .is .followed .by .a .consequent .event, .s
uch .that .the .behaviour .is .then .more .likely .to .be .repeated. .The .behaviour .of .taki
ng .a .drug .may .be .reinforced .by .the .effect .of .the .drug.
Acute .- .ANS✓✓-referring .to .drugs, .the .short-term .effects .of .a .single .dose.
, AIDS .- .ANS✓✓-acquired .immune .deficiency .syndrome.
Alcoholics .Anonymous .- .ANS✓✓-a .worldwide .organization .of .self-
help .groups .based .on .alcoholics .helping .one .another .achieve .and .maintain .sob
riety.
Behavioral .toxicity .- .ANS✓✓-
toxicity .resulting .from .behavioural .effects .of .a .drug.
Biopsychosocial .- .ANS✓✓-
a .theory .or .perspective .that .relies .on .the .interaction .of .biological, .individual .ps
ychological, .and .social .variables.
Catheters .- .ANS✓✓-plastic .or .other .tubing .implanted .into .the .body.
Chronic .- .ANS✓✓-referring .to .drugs, .the .long-term .effects .from .repeated .use.
DAWN .- .ANS✓✓-
Drug .Abuse .Warning .Network. .System .for .collecting .data .on .drug-
related .deaths .or .emergency .room .visits.
HIV .- .ANS✓✓-human .immunodeficiency .virus.
Laissez-faire .- .ANS✓✓-a .hands-
off .approach .to .government .interference .in .the .workings .of .the .market.
Physical .dependence .- .ANS✓✓-
drug .dependence .defined .by .the .presence .of .a .withdrawal .syndrome, .implying .t
hat .the .body .has .become .adapted .to .the .drug's .presence.
Psychological .dependence .- .ANS✓✓-
behavioural .dependence .indicated .by .a .high .rate .of .drug .use, .craving .for .the .dr
ug, .and .a .tendency .to .relapse .after .stopping .use.
Reinforcement .- .ANS✓✓-
a .procedure .in .which .a .behavioural .event .is .followed .by .a .consequent .event .su
ch .that .the .behaviour .is .then .more .likely .to .be .repeated. .The .behaviour .of .takin
g .a .drug .may .be .reinforced .by .the .effect .of .the .drug.
answers 2025
Antecedents .- .ANS✓✓-
a .variable .that .occurs .before .some .event, .such .as .the .initiation .of .drug .use.
Correlates .- .ANS✓✓-
a .variable .that .is .statistically .related .to .some .other .variable, .such .as .drug .use.
Gateway .- .ANS✓✓-one .of .the .first .drugs .
(e.g., .alcohol .or .tobacco) .used .by .a .typical .drug .user.
Harm .reduction .strategies .- .ANS✓✓-Measures .taken .to .address .drug .problems
Longitudinal .study .- .ANS✓✓-a .study .done .over .time .(months .or .years).
Marijuana .- .ANS✓✓-
also .spelled ."marihuana." .Dried .leaves .of .the .Cannabis .plant.
Protective .factors .- .ANS✓✓-variables .correlated .with .lower .rates .of .drug .use.
Psychoactive .- .ANS✓✓-having .effects .on .thoughts, .emotions, .or .behaviour.
Reinforcement .- .ANS✓✓-
a .procedure .in .which .a .behavioural .event .is .followed .by .a .consequent .event, .s
uch .that .the .behaviour .is .then .more .likely .to .be .repeated. .The .behaviour .of .taki
ng .a .drug .may .be .reinforced .by .the .effect .of .the .drug.
Acute .- .ANS✓✓-referring .to .drugs, .the .short-term .effects .of .a .single .dose.
, AIDS .- .ANS✓✓-acquired .immune .deficiency .syndrome.
Alcoholics .Anonymous .- .ANS✓✓-a .worldwide .organization .of .self-
help .groups .based .on .alcoholics .helping .one .another .achieve .and .maintain .sob
riety.
Behavioral .toxicity .- .ANS✓✓-
toxicity .resulting .from .behavioural .effects .of .a .drug.
Biopsychosocial .- .ANS✓✓-
a .theory .or .perspective .that .relies .on .the .interaction .of .biological, .individual .ps
ychological, .and .social .variables.
Catheters .- .ANS✓✓-plastic .or .other .tubing .implanted .into .the .body.
Chronic .- .ANS✓✓-referring .to .drugs, .the .long-term .effects .from .repeated .use.
DAWN .- .ANS✓✓-
Drug .Abuse .Warning .Network. .System .for .collecting .data .on .drug-
related .deaths .or .emergency .room .visits.
HIV .- .ANS✓✓-human .immunodeficiency .virus.
Laissez-faire .- .ANS✓✓-a .hands-
off .approach .to .government .interference .in .the .workings .of .the .market.
Physical .dependence .- .ANS✓✓-
drug .dependence .defined .by .the .presence .of .a .withdrawal .syndrome, .implying .t
hat .the .body .has .become .adapted .to .the .drug's .presence.
Psychological .dependence .- .ANS✓✓-
behavioural .dependence .indicated .by .a .high .rate .of .drug .use, .craving .for .the .dr
ug, .and .a .tendency .to .relapse .after .stopping .use.
Reinforcement .- .ANS✓✓-
a .procedure .in .which .a .behavioural .event .is .followed .by .a .consequent .event .su
ch .that .the .behaviour .is .then .more .likely .to .be .repeated. .The .behaviour .of .takin
g .a .drug .may .be .reinforced .by .the .effect .of .the .drug.
