PSC 152 EXAM STUDY SET WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS NEW!!
what is psychological knowledge based/not based on? - ANSWER Based on: Data
(carefully collected, unbiased, replicable)
NOT based on: intuition, doctrine, consensus, testimonials, etc
what is naive realism? - ANSWER people think they view the world "objectively", as it
truly is
what is the bias blind spot? - ANSWER thinking that other people are more biased than
you are
availability heuristic - ANSWER basing the estimated probability of an event on the
ease with which relevant instances come to mind
what conclusions can be drawn from correlational research? - ANSWER - strength of
relationship between 2 variables
- correlations range from -1 to +1
- absolute value of number signifies strength
-(+) or (-) signifies nature of relationship
what advantages does correlational research have over experimental research? -
ANSWER - convenience in administration (ex: surveys)
- can study issues that can't be experimentally manipulated
what is the big disadvantage of correlational research? - ANSWER lack of insight into
what causes what
, what are the essential components of an experimental design? - ANSWER independent
variable and random assignment
what is a confound? - ANSWER An uncontrolled third variable that affects the
relationship between the IV and DV
why is random assignment considered "The Great Equalizer"? - ANSWER it distributes
all unknown factors across conditions
what are disadvantages of experimental research? - ANSWER - can't always randomly
assign events
- artificiality of laboratory
what is internal validity? - ANSWER did change in IV cause change in DV?
what is external validity? - ANSWER does the study generalize to the real world?
what is a direct/close replication? - ANSWER try to do everything the same
what is a conceptual replication? - ANSWER - different manipulation of "cause" and/or
different measure of "effect"
- different settings
- different populations
what are the 3 motivational principles in social cognition? - ANSWER epistemic,
belonging, and esteem needs
conservatism - ANSWER - established views change slowly
SOLUTIONS NEW!!
what is psychological knowledge based/not based on? - ANSWER Based on: Data
(carefully collected, unbiased, replicable)
NOT based on: intuition, doctrine, consensus, testimonials, etc
what is naive realism? - ANSWER people think they view the world "objectively", as it
truly is
what is the bias blind spot? - ANSWER thinking that other people are more biased than
you are
availability heuristic - ANSWER basing the estimated probability of an event on the
ease with which relevant instances come to mind
what conclusions can be drawn from correlational research? - ANSWER - strength of
relationship between 2 variables
- correlations range from -1 to +1
- absolute value of number signifies strength
-(+) or (-) signifies nature of relationship
what advantages does correlational research have over experimental research? -
ANSWER - convenience in administration (ex: surveys)
- can study issues that can't be experimentally manipulated
what is the big disadvantage of correlational research? - ANSWER lack of insight into
what causes what
, what are the essential components of an experimental design? - ANSWER independent
variable and random assignment
what is a confound? - ANSWER An uncontrolled third variable that affects the
relationship between the IV and DV
why is random assignment considered "The Great Equalizer"? - ANSWER it distributes
all unknown factors across conditions
what are disadvantages of experimental research? - ANSWER - can't always randomly
assign events
- artificiality of laboratory
what is internal validity? - ANSWER did change in IV cause change in DV?
what is external validity? - ANSWER does the study generalize to the real world?
what is a direct/close replication? - ANSWER try to do everything the same
what is a conceptual replication? - ANSWER - different manipulation of "cause" and/or
different measure of "effect"
- different settings
- different populations
what are the 3 motivational principles in social cognition? - ANSWER epistemic,
belonging, and esteem needs
conservatism - ANSWER - established views change slowly
