Pediatric Physical Examination An Illustrated
Handbook 4th Edition
Duderstadt Test Bank
,Chapter |1: |Approach |to |Care |and |Assessment |of |Children |and |Adolescents
MULTIPLE |CHOICE
1. A |nurse |is |reviewing |developmental |concepts |for |infants |and |children. |Which |statement |best
describes |development |in |infants |and |children?
|
a. Development, |a |predictable |and |orderly |process, |occurs |at |varying |rates |within
|normal |limits.
b. Development |is |primarily |related |to |the |growth |in |the |number |and |size |of |cells.
c. Development |occurs |in |a |proximodistal |direction |with |fine |muscle |development
|occurring |first.
d. Development |is |more |easily |and |accurately |measured |than |growth.
ANS: |A
Development, |a |continuous |orderly |process, |provides |the |basis |for |increases |in |the |childs |function
and |complexity |of |behavior. |The |increases |in |rate |of |function |and |complexity |can |vary |normally
|
within |limits |for |each |child. |An |increase |in |the |number |and |size |of |cells |is |a |definition |for |growth.
|
Development |proceeds |in |a |proximodistal |direction |with |fine |muscle |organization |occurring |as |a
|
result |of |large |muscle |organization. |Development |is |a |more |complex |process |that |is |affected |by
|
many |factors; |therefore, |it |is |less |easily |and |accurately |measured. |Growth |is |a |predictable |process
|
with |standard |measurement |methods.
|
2. Frequent |developmental |assessments |are |important |for |which |reason?
a. Stable |developmental |periods |during |infancy |provide |an |opportunity |to |identify
|any |delays |or |deficits.
b. Infants |need |stimulation |specific |to |the |stage |of |development.
c. Critical |periods |of |development |occur |during |childhood.
d. Child |development |is |unpredictable |and |needs |monitoring.
,ANS: |C
Critical |periods |are |blocks |of |time |during |which |children |are |ready |to |master |specific
developmental |tasks. |Children |can |master |these |tasks |more |easily |during |particular |periods |of |time
|
in |their |growth |and |developmental |process. |Infancy |is |a |dynamic |time |of |development |that |requires
|
frequent |evaluations |to |assess |appropriate |developmental |progress. |Infants |in |a |nurturing
|
environment |will |develop |appropriately |and |will |not |necessarily |need |stimulation |specific |to |their
|
developmental |stage. |Normal |growth |and |development |are |orderly |and |proceed |in |a |predictable
|
pattern |on |the |basis |of |each |individuals |abilities |and |potentials.
|
3. Which |factor |has |the |greatest |influence |on |child |growth |and |development?
a. Culture
b. Environment
c. Genetics
d. Nutrition
ANS: |C
Genetic |factors |(heredity) |determine |each |individuals |growth |and |developmental |rate. |Although
factors |such |as |environment, |culture, |nutrition, |and |family |can |influence |genetic |traits, |they |do |not
|
eliminate |the |effect |of |the |genetic |endowment, |which |is |permanent. |Culture |is |a |significant |factor
|
that |influences |how |children |grow |toward |adulthood. |Culture |influences |both |growth |and
|
development |but |does |not |eliminate |inborn |genetic |influences. |Environment |has |a |significant |role |in
|
determining |growth |and |development |both |before |and |after |birth. |The |environment |can |influence
|
how |and |to |which |extent |genetic |traits |are |manifested, |but |environmental |factors |cannot |eliminate
|
the |effect |of |genetics. |Nutrition |is |critical |for |growth |and |plays |a |significant |role |throughout
|
childhood.
|
4. A |nurse |is |planning |a |teaching |session |with |a |child. |According |to |Piagetian |theory, |the |period |of
cognitive | development | in |which |the |child | is | able |to | distinguish | fact | from | fantasy |is | the
|
period |of |cognitive |development.
|
a. sensorimotor
,
Handbook 4th Edition
Duderstadt Test Bank
,Chapter |1: |Approach |to |Care |and |Assessment |of |Children |and |Adolescents
MULTIPLE |CHOICE
1. A |nurse |is |reviewing |developmental |concepts |for |infants |and |children. |Which |statement |best
describes |development |in |infants |and |children?
|
a. Development, |a |predictable |and |orderly |process, |occurs |at |varying |rates |within
|normal |limits.
b. Development |is |primarily |related |to |the |growth |in |the |number |and |size |of |cells.
c. Development |occurs |in |a |proximodistal |direction |with |fine |muscle |development
|occurring |first.
d. Development |is |more |easily |and |accurately |measured |than |growth.
ANS: |A
Development, |a |continuous |orderly |process, |provides |the |basis |for |increases |in |the |childs |function
and |complexity |of |behavior. |The |increases |in |rate |of |function |and |complexity |can |vary |normally
|
within |limits |for |each |child. |An |increase |in |the |number |and |size |of |cells |is |a |definition |for |growth.
|
Development |proceeds |in |a |proximodistal |direction |with |fine |muscle |organization |occurring |as |a
|
result |of |large |muscle |organization. |Development |is |a |more |complex |process |that |is |affected |by
|
many |factors; |therefore, |it |is |less |easily |and |accurately |measured. |Growth |is |a |predictable |process
|
with |standard |measurement |methods.
|
2. Frequent |developmental |assessments |are |important |for |which |reason?
a. Stable |developmental |periods |during |infancy |provide |an |opportunity |to |identify
|any |delays |or |deficits.
b. Infants |need |stimulation |specific |to |the |stage |of |development.
c. Critical |periods |of |development |occur |during |childhood.
d. Child |development |is |unpredictable |and |needs |monitoring.
,ANS: |C
Critical |periods |are |blocks |of |time |during |which |children |are |ready |to |master |specific
developmental |tasks. |Children |can |master |these |tasks |more |easily |during |particular |periods |of |time
|
in |their |growth |and |developmental |process. |Infancy |is |a |dynamic |time |of |development |that |requires
|
frequent |evaluations |to |assess |appropriate |developmental |progress. |Infants |in |a |nurturing
|
environment |will |develop |appropriately |and |will |not |necessarily |need |stimulation |specific |to |their
|
developmental |stage. |Normal |growth |and |development |are |orderly |and |proceed |in |a |predictable
|
pattern |on |the |basis |of |each |individuals |abilities |and |potentials.
|
3. Which |factor |has |the |greatest |influence |on |child |growth |and |development?
a. Culture
b. Environment
c. Genetics
d. Nutrition
ANS: |C
Genetic |factors |(heredity) |determine |each |individuals |growth |and |developmental |rate. |Although
factors |such |as |environment, |culture, |nutrition, |and |family |can |influence |genetic |traits, |they |do |not
|
eliminate |the |effect |of |the |genetic |endowment, |which |is |permanent. |Culture |is |a |significant |factor
|
that |influences |how |children |grow |toward |adulthood. |Culture |influences |both |growth |and
|
development |but |does |not |eliminate |inborn |genetic |influences. |Environment |has |a |significant |role |in
|
determining |growth |and |development |both |before |and |after |birth. |The |environment |can |influence
|
how |and |to |which |extent |genetic |traits |are |manifested, |but |environmental |factors |cannot |eliminate
|
the |effect |of |genetics. |Nutrition |is |critical |for |growth |and |plays |a |significant |role |throughout
|
childhood.
|
4. A |nurse |is |planning |a |teaching |session |with |a |child. |According |to |Piagetian |theory, |the |period |of
cognitive | development | in |which |the |child | is | able |to | distinguish | fact | from | fantasy |is | the
|
period |of |cognitive |development.
|
a. sensorimotor
,
