Bontrager - Ch 19 Questions + Self Test with correct answers 100% 2025

Bontrager - Ch 19 Questions + Self Test with correct answers 100% 2025 Which classification of joints are studied with arthrography? - Correct Answers Synovial joints Other than conventional radiography of synovial joints (e.g., arthrography), which imaging procedure is preferred by physicians for studying synovial joints? - Correct Answers MRI or CT List the three common forms of knee injury that may require arthrography: - Correct Answers 1. Tears of the joint capsule 2. Tears of the menisci 3. Tears of ligaments Give an example of nontraumatic pathology of the knee joint indicating arthrography. - Correct Answers Baker's cyst What are the two primary contraindications for arthrography of any joint? - Correct Answers Allergic reactions to iodine-based contrast media and local anesthetics True/False: An arthrogram must be approached as a sterile procedure. Proper skin prep and sterility must be maintained. - Correct Answers True True/False: After the contrast medium is introduced into the knee joint, the knee must not be flexed or exercised. - Correct Answers False; needs to be flexed to distribute contrast media What is the normal appearance of synovial fluid? - Correct Answers Clear and tinged yellow List the two types of contrast media used for a knee arthrogram: - Correct Answers 1. Positive or radiopaque media such as iodinated, water-soluble contrast agent 2. Negative or radiolucent contrast agents, such as room air, oxygen, or carbon dioxide List the two routine projections for conventional radiographic projections used for knee arthrography: - Correct Answers 1. AP 2. Lateral On average, how many exposure are taken of each meniscus during fluoroscopy of the knee? - Correct Answers Nine images per meniscus How many degrees of rotation of the leg are used between exposures? - Correct Answers 20 degrees What four aspects of shoulder anatomy are demonstrated with shoulder arthrography? - Correct Answers 1. Joint capsule 2. Rotator cuff 3. Long tendon of biceps 4. Articular cartilage What is the general name for the conjoined tendons of the four major shoulder muscles? - Correct Answers Rotator cuff What type of needle is commonly used for shoulder arthrograms? - Correct Answers 2 3/4-3 1/2" spinal needle List three clinical indications for a shoulder arthrogram: - Correct Answers 1. Chronic pain 2. General weakness 3. Suspected tear in the rotator cuff List the six projections frequently taken during a shoulder arthrogram: - Correct Answers 1. AP Scout 2. AP internal rotation 3. AP external rotation 4. Glenoid fossa (Grashey) projection 5. Transaxillary (inferosuperior axial) projection 6. Intertubercular (bicipital) sulcus projection Postoperative (T-tube) cholangiograms are usually performed to detect: A. Pancreatitis B. Biliary Stones C. Liver Cyst D. Infected gallbladder - Correct Answers B. Biliary Stones True/False: A surgeon usually performs T-tube cholangiography during a colectomy. - Correct Answers False Which two blood chemistry values must be checked before a postoperative (T-tube) cholangiogram? - Correct Answers 1. BUN 2. Creatinine Why are the contrast media for a T-tube cholangiogram occasionally diluted before injection? - Correct Answers Contrast media that are too concentrated may obscure small stones in the biliary ducts True/False: Bile is sterile, and standard precautions do not apply when handling it. - Correct Answers False Situation: A T-tube cholangiogram image demonstrates the biliary ducts superimposed over the spine. The patient is in an AP position. Which position would remove the ducts from the spine? - Correct Answers RPO position Postoperative (T-tube) cholangiograms are generally performed _____. - Correct Answers In the radiology department Which of the following procedures might be performed during a postoperative (T-tube) cholangiogram? A. Removal of the gallbladder B. Removal of a liver cyst C. Removal of a biliary stone