d e
ANATOMY
PHYSIOLOGY
The Unity of Form and Functio
de de de de de
Edition
, KENNETH S. SALADIN
de de
Distinguished Professor of Biology, Emeritus
de de de de
Georgia College
de
, ANATOMYde&dePHYSIOLOGY:deTHEdeUNITYdeOFdeFORMdeANDdeFUNCTION,deNINTHdeEDITION
PublisheddebydeMcGraw-
HilldeEducation,de2dePenndePlaza,deNewdeYork,deNYde10121.deCopyrightde©2021debydeMcGraw-
Hilld e Education.deAllderightsdereserved.dePrinteddeindethedeUniteddeStatesdeofdeAmerica.dePreviousdeeditionsde©
2018,de2015,deandd e 2012.deNodepartdeofdethisdepublicationdemaydebedereproduceddeordedistributeddeindeanydeformd
eordebydeanydemeans,deordestoreddeindead e databasedeorderetrievaldesystem,dewithoutdethedepriordewrittendeconsentd
eofdeMcGraw-
HilldeEducation,deincluding,debutdenotd e limiteddeto,deindeanydenetworkdeordeotherdeelectronicdestoragedeordetransm
ission,deordebroadcastdefordedistancedelearning.
Somedeancillaries,deincludingdeelectronicdeanddeprintdecomponents,demaydenotdebedeavailabledetodecustomersdeoutsi
dedethed e UniteddeStates.
Thisdebookdeisdeprinteddeondeacid-
freedepaper.d e 1de2de3de4de5de6de7de8de9de
LWIde24de23de22de21de20
ISBNde978-1-260-25600-
0de(bounddeedition)d e MHIDde1-260-25600-
6de(bounddeedition)
ISBNde978-1-260-79162-4de(loose-
leafdeedition)d e MHIDde1-260-79162-
9de(loose-leafdeedition)
SeniordePortfoliodeManager:deMatthewdeGar
ciadeSeniordeProductdeDeveloper:deDonnadeN
emmersdeMarketingdeManager:deValeriedeKr
amer
SeniordeContentdeProjectdeManager:deVickideKrug
deLeaddeContentdeProjectdeManager:deBrentdedeladeC
ruzdeSeniordeBuyer:deSandydeLudovissy
Designer:deEgzondeShaqiri
LeaddeContentdeLicensingdeSpecialist:deLorideHanc
ockdeCoverdeImage:deMikedeKemp/Rubberball/Gett
ydeCompositor:deMPSdeLimited
Alldecreditsdeappearingdeondepagedeordeatdethedeenddeofdethedebookdearedeconsidereddetodebedeandeextensiondeofdethedecopyrightdepage.
LibrarydeofdeCongressdeCataloging-in-PublicationdeData
Cataloging-in-PublicationdeDatadehasdebeenderequesteddefromdethedeLibrarydeofdeCongress.
ThedeInternetdeaddressesdelisteddeindethedetextdeweredeaccuratedeatdethedetimedeofdepublication.deThedeinclusiondeofdeade
websitededoesd e notdeindicatedeandeendorsementdebydethedeauthorsdeordeMcGraw-HilldeEducation,deanddeMcGraw-
HilldeEducationdedoesdenotd e guaranteedethedeaccuracydeofdethedeinformationdepresenteddeatdethesedesites.
, mheducation.com/highered
ANATOMY
PHYSIOLOGY
The Unity of Form and Functio
de de de de de
Edition
, KENNETH S. SALADIN
de de
Distinguished Professor of Biology, Emeritus
de de de de
Georgia College
de
, ANATOMYde&dePHYSIOLOGY:deTHEdeUNITYdeOFdeFORMdeANDdeFUNCTION,deNINTHdeEDITION
PublisheddebydeMcGraw-
HilldeEducation,de2dePenndePlaza,deNewdeYork,deNYde10121.deCopyrightde©2021debydeMcGraw-
Hilld e Education.deAllderightsdereserved.dePrinteddeindethedeUniteddeStatesdeofdeAmerica.dePreviousdeeditionsde©
2018,de2015,deandd e 2012.deNodepartdeofdethisdepublicationdemaydebedereproduceddeordedistributeddeindeanydeformd
eordebydeanydemeans,deordestoreddeindead e databasedeorderetrievaldesystem,dewithoutdethedepriordewrittendeconsentd
eofdeMcGraw-
HilldeEducation,deincluding,debutdenotd e limiteddeto,deindeanydenetworkdeordeotherdeelectronicdestoragedeordetransm
ission,deordebroadcastdefordedistancedelearning.
Somedeancillaries,deincludingdeelectronicdeanddeprintdecomponents,demaydenotdebedeavailabledetodecustomersdeoutsi
dedethed e UniteddeStates.
Thisdebookdeisdeprinteddeondeacid-
freedepaper.d e 1de2de3de4de5de6de7de8de9de
LWIde24de23de22de21de20
ISBNde978-1-260-25600-
0de(bounddeedition)d e MHIDde1-260-25600-
6de(bounddeedition)
ISBNde978-1-260-79162-4de(loose-
leafdeedition)d e MHIDde1-260-79162-
9de(loose-leafdeedition)
SeniordePortfoliodeManager:deMatthewdeGar
ciadeSeniordeProductdeDeveloper:deDonnadeN
emmersdeMarketingdeManager:deValeriedeKr
amer
SeniordeContentdeProjectdeManager:deVickideKrug
deLeaddeContentdeProjectdeManager:deBrentdedeladeC
ruzdeSeniordeBuyer:deSandydeLudovissy
Designer:deEgzondeShaqiri
LeaddeContentdeLicensingdeSpecialist:deLorideHanc
ockdeCoverdeImage:deMikedeKemp/Rubberball/Gett
ydeCompositor:deMPSdeLimited
Alldecreditsdeappearingdeondepagedeordeatdethedeenddeofdethedebookdearedeconsidereddetodebedeandeextensiondeofdethedecopyrightdepage.
LibrarydeofdeCongressdeCataloging-in-PublicationdeData
Cataloging-in-PublicationdeDatadehasdebeenderequesteddefromdethedeLibrarydeofdeCongress.
ThedeInternetdeaddressesdelisteddeindethedetextdeweredeaccuratedeatdethedetimedeofdepublication.deThedeinclusiondeofdeade
websitededoesd e notdeindicatedeandeendorsementdebydethedeauthorsdeordeMcGraw-HilldeEducation,deanddeMcGraw-
HilldeEducationdedoesdenotd e guaranteedethedeaccuracydeofdethedeinformationdepresenteddeatdethesedesites.
, mheducation.com/highered
