US History Georgia Milestone Review Questions
and Answers| Latest Update
American System Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a
national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements; emphasized strong role for federal
government in the economy.
Second Great Awakening A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on
Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and
tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans.
Horace Mann Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education; "Father of the public
school system"; a prominent proponent of public school reform, & set the standard for public
schools throughout the nation; lengthened academic year; pro training & higher salaries to
teachers
Nat Turner's Rebellion Rebellion in which Nat Turner led a group of slaves through
Virginia in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow and kill planter families
The Grimke sisters, Sarah and Angelina Angelina and Sarah Grimke wrote and lectured
vigorously on reform causes such as prison reform, the temperance movement, and the
abolitionist movement.
William Lloyd Garrison 1805-1879. Prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social
reformer. Editor of radical abolitionist newspaper "The Liberator", and one of the founders of
the American Anti-Slavery Society.
Frederick Douglass (1817-1895) American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and
became a leading African American spokesman and writer. He published his biography, The
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, and founded the abolitionist newspaper, the North
Star.
,Harriet Tubman United States abolitionist born a slave on a plantation in Maryland and
became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in
the North (1820-1913)
Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) American author and daughter of Lyman Beecher,
she was an abolitionist and author of the famous antislavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin.
Annexation of Texas Texas decides to secede from Mexico and attempts to declare its
independence which eventually leads to our adoption of the land as a state although it was
feared that it would cause conflict with Mexico leading to war. Southern states in support of this
as Texas brought slaves with it meaning it would increase agricultural profits
Manifest Destiny 1800s belief that Americans had the right to spread across the
continent.
Mexican-American War (1846-1848) The war between the United States and Mexico in
which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory.
Sectionalism Loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a
whole
Compromise of 1850 (1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and
popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries,
(4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave
law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas
Popular Sovereignty A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.
Scott v. Sanford (1857) The Supreme Court decision ruling that a slave who had escaped
to a free state enjoyed no rights as a citizen and that Congress had no authority to ban slavery in
the territories.
,Harper's Ferry Raid John Brown plans to start a slave uprising, so he steals weapons at
Harpers Ferry and is stopped by U.S. Marines where he is captured
Election of 1860: candidates, parties, issues Republican - Abraham Lincoln. Democrat -
Stephan A. Douglas, John C. Breckenridge. Constitutional Union - John Bell. Issues were slavery
in the territories (Lincoln opposed adding any new slave states).
Economic differences between the North and South The North had a diverse economy
(many industries)
and abolished slavery. The South had slaves, plantations and mostly grew cotton and tabacco.
Habes Corpus Constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment
Gettysburg Address (1863) Abraham Lincoln's oft-quoted speech, delivered at the
dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield. In the address, Lincoln framed the war as a
means to uphold the values of liberty.
Second Inaugural Address another famous public speech by Lincoln after he was elected
for a second term; stated that he wanted to finish the business at hand with the South and
allow them to rejoin the Union
Ulysses S. Grant an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States
(1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil
War.
Robert E. Lee Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the
Union should be held together by force
Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson Confederate general whose men stopped Union assault
during the Battle of Bull Run
, William T. Sherman general whose march to sea caused destruction to the south
Ft. Sumter April 12th, 1861- Confederate soldiers firing on this fort initiated the Civil War.
Antietam the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It
was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with almost 23,000 casualties. After this
"win" for the North, Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation
Anaconda Plan Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast,
capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south
Battle of Atlanta (July 22, 1864) Union victory; this one day battle allowed Union forces to
inch closer to the city in the Atlanta Campaign; was not the battle that allowed Union Troops to
occupy the city.
Congressional Reconstruction A process led by the Radical Republicans that led to the
usage of military force to protect blacks' rights.
Johnson's Impeachment 1868, Tenure of Office act created to freeze radical spy Secretary
of War Stanton in the cabinet, Johnson dismissed him, House voted impeachment for high
crimes and misdemeanors, Senate voted not guilty by 1 vote
Freedmen's Bureau Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks
after the Civil War
13th, 14th, 15th Amendments 13. abolished slavery, 14. Declares that all persons born in
the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws, 15. citizens cannot be
denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude
and Answers| Latest Update
American System Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a
national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements; emphasized strong role for federal
government in the economy.
Second Great Awakening A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on
Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and
tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans.
Horace Mann Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education; "Father of the public
school system"; a prominent proponent of public school reform, & set the standard for public
schools throughout the nation; lengthened academic year; pro training & higher salaries to
teachers
Nat Turner's Rebellion Rebellion in which Nat Turner led a group of slaves through
Virginia in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow and kill planter families
The Grimke sisters, Sarah and Angelina Angelina and Sarah Grimke wrote and lectured
vigorously on reform causes such as prison reform, the temperance movement, and the
abolitionist movement.
William Lloyd Garrison 1805-1879. Prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social
reformer. Editor of radical abolitionist newspaper "The Liberator", and one of the founders of
the American Anti-Slavery Society.
Frederick Douglass (1817-1895) American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and
became a leading African American spokesman and writer. He published his biography, The
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, and founded the abolitionist newspaper, the North
Star.
,Harriet Tubman United States abolitionist born a slave on a plantation in Maryland and
became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in
the North (1820-1913)
Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) American author and daughter of Lyman Beecher,
she was an abolitionist and author of the famous antislavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin.
Annexation of Texas Texas decides to secede from Mexico and attempts to declare its
independence which eventually leads to our adoption of the land as a state although it was
feared that it would cause conflict with Mexico leading to war. Southern states in support of this
as Texas brought slaves with it meaning it would increase agricultural profits
Manifest Destiny 1800s belief that Americans had the right to spread across the
continent.
Mexican-American War (1846-1848) The war between the United States and Mexico in
which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory.
Sectionalism Loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a
whole
Compromise of 1850 (1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and
popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries,
(4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave
law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas
Popular Sovereignty A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.
Scott v. Sanford (1857) The Supreme Court decision ruling that a slave who had escaped
to a free state enjoyed no rights as a citizen and that Congress had no authority to ban slavery in
the territories.
,Harper's Ferry Raid John Brown plans to start a slave uprising, so he steals weapons at
Harpers Ferry and is stopped by U.S. Marines where he is captured
Election of 1860: candidates, parties, issues Republican - Abraham Lincoln. Democrat -
Stephan A. Douglas, John C. Breckenridge. Constitutional Union - John Bell. Issues were slavery
in the territories (Lincoln opposed adding any new slave states).
Economic differences between the North and South The North had a diverse economy
(many industries)
and abolished slavery. The South had slaves, plantations and mostly grew cotton and tabacco.
Habes Corpus Constitutional protection against unlawful imprisonment
Gettysburg Address (1863) Abraham Lincoln's oft-quoted speech, delivered at the
dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield. In the address, Lincoln framed the war as a
means to uphold the values of liberty.
Second Inaugural Address another famous public speech by Lincoln after he was elected
for a second term; stated that he wanted to finish the business at hand with the South and
allow them to rejoin the Union
Ulysses S. Grant an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States
(1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil
War.
Robert E. Lee Confederate general who had opposed secession but did not believe the
Union should be held together by force
Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson Confederate general whose men stopped Union assault
during the Battle of Bull Run
, William T. Sherman general whose march to sea caused destruction to the south
Ft. Sumter April 12th, 1861- Confederate soldiers firing on this fort initiated the Civil War.
Antietam the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It
was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with almost 23,000 casualties. After this
"win" for the North, Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation
Anaconda Plan Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast,
capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south
Battle of Atlanta (July 22, 1864) Union victory; this one day battle allowed Union forces to
inch closer to the city in the Atlanta Campaign; was not the battle that allowed Union Troops to
occupy the city.
Congressional Reconstruction A process led by the Radical Republicans that led to the
usage of military force to protect blacks' rights.
Johnson's Impeachment 1868, Tenure of Office act created to freeze radical spy Secretary
of War Stanton in the cabinet, Johnson dismissed him, House voted impeachment for high
crimes and misdemeanors, Senate voted not guilty by 1 vote
Freedmen's Bureau Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks
after the Civil War
13th, 14th, 15th Amendments 13. abolished slavery, 14. Declares that all persons born in
the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws, 15. citizens cannot be
denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude
