Geography Class 12th summary tertiary and quaternary

Here is a detailed summary of Tertiary and Quaternary
Activities in geography:

Introduction

Tertiary and quaternary activities are part of the service
sector and involve providing services rather than
producing goods. These activities are crucial for
economic growth, employment, and improving the
quality of life in both developed and developing
economies.

Tertiary Activities

Tertiary activities, also known as the service sector,
involve the provision of services to individuals and
businesses.

Characteristics of Tertiary Activities:

1. Non-Material Output:

Services are intangible and cannot be stored.

2. Direct Interaction:

, Often require face-to-face interaction between service
providers and consumers.

3. Skill-Oriented:

Depend on human skills, expertise, and knowledge.

Examples of Tertiary Activities:

1. Trade and Commerce:

Wholesale and retail trade.

Examples: Supermarkets, shopping malls, and e-
commerce.

2. Transport and Communication:

Movement of goods and people (road, rail, air, sea).

Communication services like telephone, internet, and
postal services.

3. Tourism:

Travel for leisure, culture, or business purposes.