DHN 101 FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 GRADED A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
In a person with type II diabetes, the blood sugar level remains high after a meal because - muscle
and liver cells do not receive a signal
In 2008 FDA approved a sweetener derived from a South African shrub called - Stevia
In the US the artificial sweetener _____ has been used for over 100 years - saccharin
The alternative sweetener that is made by combining the amino acids phenylalanine and aspartic
acid is called - aspartame
The alternative sweetener _____ is made by chemically modifying a sucrose molecule so it escapes
digestion and absorption - sucralose
After eating a meal, blood sugar levels - increase
After a late night, you overslept this morning and woke up late for class. In a rush to leave the house,
you failed to eat breakfast. A few hours later, with an empty stomach, your blood pressure drops.
This prompts your pancreas to release _____ to stimulate breakdown of glycogen in the liver into
glucose. - glucagon
After morning class, with your stomach growling, you stagger to the cafeteria and devour a large
pasta entrée for lunch. Following this meal, your blood sugar rises and the pancreas releases _____
in an attempt to shuttle blood sugar into your cells. - insulin
You go to your next class, but because you're so full from lunch, you doze off. You awake to your
classmate poking you in the arm as you realize the teacher is calling your name to answer a question.
With your heart racing, your body now releases _____, which increases glycogen breakdown in the
liver and raises your blood sugar. - epinephrine
Nutritive sweeteners - sugar, corn syrup, polydextrose, maltodextrin, & sorbitol
Nonnutritive sweeteners - sucralose & Acesulfame-K
, Contrary to popular belief, all of the alternative sweeteners approved for sale in the U.S. are safe for
human consumption and have never been proven to be carcinogenic (cancer-causing) in humans. Of
the following alternative sweeteners, which one is banned for sale in the U.S. because of
controversial research that indicated the substance caused bladder cancer in mice? - Cyclamate
Insulin does what? - allows cells to take in glucose, decreasing blood glucose levels
Individuals with type 1 diabetes - do not produce insulin
Digestible carbs - amylose, amylopectin, glycogen
Indigestible carbs - cellulose, gums, pectins, and mucilages
Amylase does what? - begins breakdown of starch in mouth
Lactase does what? - breaks disaccharide into glucose and galactose
Maltase does what? - breaks disaccharide into two molecules of glucose
Sucrose does what? - breaks disaccharide into glucose and fructose
True or false: Because animals store glycogen in their muscles, meat, fish, and poultry are good
sources of carbs because you are eating the dead animal's stored glucose - False
If a diet does not provide adequate carbs to meet immediate energy needs, the body compensates
by altering its metabolism of other nutrients. Insufficient dietary carbs can lead to elevated levels of
ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are the byproducts of partial breakdown of - fat
Fiber plays an important role in bowel health; a diet that is low in fiber leads to ____ stools - small,
hard
A low-fiber diet and the lack of water in fecal matter can cause ______. - constipation
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
In a person with type II diabetes, the blood sugar level remains high after a meal because - muscle
and liver cells do not receive a signal
In 2008 FDA approved a sweetener derived from a South African shrub called - Stevia
In the US the artificial sweetener _____ has been used for over 100 years - saccharin
The alternative sweetener that is made by combining the amino acids phenylalanine and aspartic
acid is called - aspartame
The alternative sweetener _____ is made by chemically modifying a sucrose molecule so it escapes
digestion and absorption - sucralose
After eating a meal, blood sugar levels - increase
After a late night, you overslept this morning and woke up late for class. In a rush to leave the house,
you failed to eat breakfast. A few hours later, with an empty stomach, your blood pressure drops.
This prompts your pancreas to release _____ to stimulate breakdown of glycogen in the liver into
glucose. - glucagon
After morning class, with your stomach growling, you stagger to the cafeteria and devour a large
pasta entrée for lunch. Following this meal, your blood sugar rises and the pancreas releases _____
in an attempt to shuttle blood sugar into your cells. - insulin
You go to your next class, but because you're so full from lunch, you doze off. You awake to your
classmate poking you in the arm as you realize the teacher is calling your name to answer a question.
With your heart racing, your body now releases _____, which increases glycogen breakdown in the
liver and raises your blood sugar. - epinephrine
Nutritive sweeteners - sugar, corn syrup, polydextrose, maltodextrin, & sorbitol
Nonnutritive sweeteners - sucralose & Acesulfame-K
, Contrary to popular belief, all of the alternative sweeteners approved for sale in the U.S. are safe for
human consumption and have never been proven to be carcinogenic (cancer-causing) in humans. Of
the following alternative sweeteners, which one is banned for sale in the U.S. because of
controversial research that indicated the substance caused bladder cancer in mice? - Cyclamate
Insulin does what? - allows cells to take in glucose, decreasing blood glucose levels
Individuals with type 1 diabetes - do not produce insulin
Digestible carbs - amylose, amylopectin, glycogen
Indigestible carbs - cellulose, gums, pectins, and mucilages
Amylase does what? - begins breakdown of starch in mouth
Lactase does what? - breaks disaccharide into glucose and galactose
Maltase does what? - breaks disaccharide into two molecules of glucose
Sucrose does what? - breaks disaccharide into glucose and fructose
True or false: Because animals store glycogen in their muscles, meat, fish, and poultry are good
sources of carbs because you are eating the dead animal's stored glucose - False
If a diet does not provide adequate carbs to meet immediate energy needs, the body compensates
by altering its metabolism of other nutrients. Insufficient dietary carbs can lead to elevated levels of
ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are the byproducts of partial breakdown of - fat
Fiber plays an important role in bowel health; a diet that is low in fiber leads to ____ stools - small,
hard
A low-fiber diet and the lack of water in fecal matter can cause ______. - constipation
