Molecular Biologist ASCP
Certification Exam| New Version
2024 Questions and Verified
Answers
Histones are rich in which amino acids? CORRECT ANSWER: Lysine and arginine
DNA and histone interaction is due to what type of bonds? CORRECT ANSWER:
ionic
What protects DNA strand during replication? CORRECT ANSWER: single-stranded
DNA binding proteins (SSBP)
What form of chromatin is likely to be active? CORRECT ANSWER: Euchromatin
because it is in "open" form.
How does methylation affect transcription? CORRECT ANSWER: methylation
inhibits transcription
The DNA strand being transcribed in transcription is? CORRECT ANSWER: the
coding strand (aka sense strand)
Which strand is the template strand during transcription? CORRECT ANSWER: the
non-coding strand (aka anti-sense strand)
What can be used to detect methylation? CORRECT ANSWER: Bisulfite sequencing
What are the gene products called for MHC genes? CORRECT ANSWER: human
leukocyte antigens (HLAs)
What do crossmatch tests use to detect antibodies that react with donor HLAs prior to
transplantation? CORRECT ANSWER: complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)
and flow cytometry
HLA class I CORRECT ANSWER: expressed in nucleated cells and are the strongest
antigens expressed (A,B,C)
polymorphisms exist in exons 2 and 3
Predominant form of DNA CORRECT ANSWER: Right-handed B
,DNA and histone interaction is due to what type of bond? CORRECT ANSWER: Ionic
What stains to the minor groove of DNA duplex? CORRECT ANSWER: SYBR Green
What is the most abundant type of RNA? CORRECT ANSWER: Ribosomal RNA
(rRNA)
What does RNA act as in a retrovirus? CORRECT ANSWER: Genome and mRNA
What increases half-life of mRNA? CORRECT ANSWER: 5' Methyl Cap
What kind of DNA is most likely to be transcriptionally active? CORRECT ANSWER:
Euchromatin
What is the most common type of eukaryotic DNA? CORRECT ANSWER: Satellite
DNA
What specimen has the most DNA according to molecular weight? CORRECT
ANSWER: White Blood Cells
What amino acids compose histones? CORRECT ANSWER: Lysine and Arginine
Amino acid that all proteins start with: CORRECT ANSWER: Methionine
What protects the DNA strand during replication? CORRECT ANSWER: Single-
stranded binding protein
Leading Strand CORRECT ANSWER: 3' to 5' template
Lagging Strand CORRECT ANSWER: 5' to 3' template
What DNA strand is being copied in transcription? CORRECT ANSWER: Antisense
Strand
First step after newly formed mRNA is made? CORRECT ANSWER: Addition of
poly(A) tail
Every time the chromosome is copied it would become shorter if not for what enzyme?
CORRECT ANSWER: Telomerase
What polymerase has repair activity? CORRECT ANSWER: Beta/Epsilon
What polymerase acts on leading strand? CORRECT ANSWER: Delta
What polymerase acts on lagging strand? CORRECT ANSWER: Alpha
, Which polymerase is used for mitochondrial replication and repair? CORRECT
ANSWER: Gamma
What polymerase binds the 5' end to 3' end of dsDNA? CORRECT ANSWER:
Topoisomerase
Which RNA polymerase is mainly for transcription? CORRECT ANSWER: RNA Pol II
Which polymerase is involved with mRNA synthesis? CORRECT ANSWER: RNA Pol
II
What inactivates RNAses? CORRECT ANSWER: Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) or
bake glassware for 4 to 6 hours at 400C
What type of restriction enzyme recognizes palindromic sites? CORRECT ANSWER:
Restriction Enzyme Type II
What type of restriction enzyme lacks methylation activity? CORRECT ANSWER:
Restriction Enzyme Type II
What is necessary to make cDNA? CORRECT ANSWER: Reverse transcriptase
Number of SNPs in a human genome? CORRECT ANSWER: 11 billion (10^7)
How many genes (base pairs) are in a human haploid genome? CORRECT ANSWER:
3 billion base pairs
The polymerization of acrylamide requires: CORRECT ANSWER: Catalyst (APS or
TEMED) or Light activation
How does agarose gel pore size relate to concentration? CORRECT ANSWER:
Inversely proportional
What is denatured during a southern blot? CORRECT ANSWER: Hydrogen bonds
(inter-strand bonds)
Melting temperature formula CORRECT ANSWER: Tm = (4C x GC Pairs) + (2C x AT
pairs)
Which is likely to interfere with fluorescent probe? CORRECT ANSWER: 5' G
Proper GC content of primer CORRECT ANSWER: 35-65%
Inhibitors of PCR CORRECT ANSWER: Hemoglobin, Heparin, Xylene, Phenol,
Cyanol, and Bromophenol Blue
Certification Exam| New Version
2024 Questions and Verified
Answers
Histones are rich in which amino acids? CORRECT ANSWER: Lysine and arginine
DNA and histone interaction is due to what type of bonds? CORRECT ANSWER:
ionic
What protects DNA strand during replication? CORRECT ANSWER: single-stranded
DNA binding proteins (SSBP)
What form of chromatin is likely to be active? CORRECT ANSWER: Euchromatin
because it is in "open" form.
How does methylation affect transcription? CORRECT ANSWER: methylation
inhibits transcription
The DNA strand being transcribed in transcription is? CORRECT ANSWER: the
coding strand (aka sense strand)
Which strand is the template strand during transcription? CORRECT ANSWER: the
non-coding strand (aka anti-sense strand)
What can be used to detect methylation? CORRECT ANSWER: Bisulfite sequencing
What are the gene products called for MHC genes? CORRECT ANSWER: human
leukocyte antigens (HLAs)
What do crossmatch tests use to detect antibodies that react with donor HLAs prior to
transplantation? CORRECT ANSWER: complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)
and flow cytometry
HLA class I CORRECT ANSWER: expressed in nucleated cells and are the strongest
antigens expressed (A,B,C)
polymorphisms exist in exons 2 and 3
Predominant form of DNA CORRECT ANSWER: Right-handed B
,DNA and histone interaction is due to what type of bond? CORRECT ANSWER: Ionic
What stains to the minor groove of DNA duplex? CORRECT ANSWER: SYBR Green
What is the most abundant type of RNA? CORRECT ANSWER: Ribosomal RNA
(rRNA)
What does RNA act as in a retrovirus? CORRECT ANSWER: Genome and mRNA
What increases half-life of mRNA? CORRECT ANSWER: 5' Methyl Cap
What kind of DNA is most likely to be transcriptionally active? CORRECT ANSWER:
Euchromatin
What is the most common type of eukaryotic DNA? CORRECT ANSWER: Satellite
DNA
What specimen has the most DNA according to molecular weight? CORRECT
ANSWER: White Blood Cells
What amino acids compose histones? CORRECT ANSWER: Lysine and Arginine
Amino acid that all proteins start with: CORRECT ANSWER: Methionine
What protects the DNA strand during replication? CORRECT ANSWER: Single-
stranded binding protein
Leading Strand CORRECT ANSWER: 3' to 5' template
Lagging Strand CORRECT ANSWER: 5' to 3' template
What DNA strand is being copied in transcription? CORRECT ANSWER: Antisense
Strand
First step after newly formed mRNA is made? CORRECT ANSWER: Addition of
poly(A) tail
Every time the chromosome is copied it would become shorter if not for what enzyme?
CORRECT ANSWER: Telomerase
What polymerase has repair activity? CORRECT ANSWER: Beta/Epsilon
What polymerase acts on leading strand? CORRECT ANSWER: Delta
What polymerase acts on lagging strand? CORRECT ANSWER: Alpha
, Which polymerase is used for mitochondrial replication and repair? CORRECT
ANSWER: Gamma
What polymerase binds the 5' end to 3' end of dsDNA? CORRECT ANSWER:
Topoisomerase
Which RNA polymerase is mainly for transcription? CORRECT ANSWER: RNA Pol II
Which polymerase is involved with mRNA synthesis? CORRECT ANSWER: RNA Pol
II
What inactivates RNAses? CORRECT ANSWER: Diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC) or
bake glassware for 4 to 6 hours at 400C
What type of restriction enzyme recognizes palindromic sites? CORRECT ANSWER:
Restriction Enzyme Type II
What type of restriction enzyme lacks methylation activity? CORRECT ANSWER:
Restriction Enzyme Type II
What is necessary to make cDNA? CORRECT ANSWER: Reverse transcriptase
Number of SNPs in a human genome? CORRECT ANSWER: 11 billion (10^7)
How many genes (base pairs) are in a human haploid genome? CORRECT ANSWER:
3 billion base pairs
The polymerization of acrylamide requires: CORRECT ANSWER: Catalyst (APS or
TEMED) or Light activation
How does agarose gel pore size relate to concentration? CORRECT ANSWER:
Inversely proportional
What is denatured during a southern blot? CORRECT ANSWER: Hydrogen bonds
(inter-strand bonds)
Melting temperature formula CORRECT ANSWER: Tm = (4C x GC Pairs) + (2C x AT
pairs)
Which is likely to interfere with fluorescent probe? CORRECT ANSWER: 5' G
Proper GC content of primer CORRECT ANSWER: 35-65%
Inhibitors of PCR CORRECT ANSWER: Hemoglobin, Heparin, Xylene, Phenol,
Cyanol, and Bromophenol Blue
