Medical Terminology Ch 5 - Organization of
the Body Questions With Complete Solutions
Levels of Organization of the Body Chemicals -> Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Body
systems -> Organism
Somatic Cells body cells (not reproductive) i.e., nerve cells, muscle cells, blood cells
Tissue Group of cells that perform a basic function.
-Epithelial (covering)
-Connective (supporting/protecting)
-Muscular (contracting)
-Nervous (conducting impulses)
Stem Cells Undifferentiated cells that have the ability to divide and give rise to
specialized cells
-plasia formation of
Dysplasia Abnormal formation/development of tissues or organs
,Medical Terminology Ch 5 - Organization of
the Body Questions With Complete Solutions
Aplasia lack of development of an organ or tissue
Hypoplasia underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or body
Hyperplasia abnormal increase in the # of cells in a tissue
Hypertrophy increase in the size of an organ (cells grow in size, but do not increase in
quantity)
Anaplasia Loss of differentiation between cells (characteristic of malignancy)
Frontal/Coronal Plane Divides into front & back
Transverse Plane Divides into upper & lower
Sagittal Plane Divides into left & right
, Medical Terminology Ch 5 - Organization of
the Body Questions With Complete Solutions
Midsagittal Plane Divides into two equal left & right halves
Anter/o Anterior, front/ventral
Poster/o Posterior, back/dorsal
Ventr/o Ventral, belly side (synonym of anterior for humans)
Dors/o Dorsal, back side (synonym of posterior for humans)
Medi/o Medial, middle
Later/o Lateral, towards the side, farther from midline
Super/o Superior, above
the Body Questions With Complete Solutions
Levels of Organization of the Body Chemicals -> Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Body
systems -> Organism
Somatic Cells body cells (not reproductive) i.e., nerve cells, muscle cells, blood cells
Tissue Group of cells that perform a basic function.
-Epithelial (covering)
-Connective (supporting/protecting)
-Muscular (contracting)
-Nervous (conducting impulses)
Stem Cells Undifferentiated cells that have the ability to divide and give rise to
specialized cells
-plasia formation of
Dysplasia Abnormal formation/development of tissues or organs
,Medical Terminology Ch 5 - Organization of
the Body Questions With Complete Solutions
Aplasia lack of development of an organ or tissue
Hypoplasia underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or body
Hyperplasia abnormal increase in the # of cells in a tissue
Hypertrophy increase in the size of an organ (cells grow in size, but do not increase in
quantity)
Anaplasia Loss of differentiation between cells (characteristic of malignancy)
Frontal/Coronal Plane Divides into front & back
Transverse Plane Divides into upper & lower
Sagittal Plane Divides into left & right
, Medical Terminology Ch 5 - Organization of
the Body Questions With Complete Solutions
Midsagittal Plane Divides into two equal left & right halves
Anter/o Anterior, front/ventral
Poster/o Posterior, back/dorsal
Ventr/o Ventral, belly side (synonym of anterior for humans)
Dors/o Dorsal, back side (synonym of posterior for humans)
Medi/o Medial, middle
Later/o Lateral, towards the side, farther from midline
Super/o Superior, above
