Physiologic pH is maintained around 7.4 because carbonic acid and bicarbonate exist
in a ratio of:
- ANS - 1/20
1. Long-term potassium deficits increase the risk of:
- ANS - Cardiac Dysrhythmia
1. A 19-year-old male presents to his physician complaining of restlessness, muscle
cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. The severity of his
condition is not related to what factor?
- ANS - Age of symptom onset
1. Which of the following conditions is the most significant risk factor for developing
hypernatremia?
- ANS - Diarrhea
1. A 10-year-old male is brought to the ER because he is incoherent and
semiconscious. The CT scan reveals that he is suffering from cerebral edema. This
type of edema is referred to as:
- ANS - Localized Edema
1. Which of the following conditions would likely not increase permeability in the
capillaries?
- ANS - Low blood glucose
1. Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major renal buffering
system?
- ANS - HPO4/NH3
,1. Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with metabolic
acidosis?
- ANS - Hyperventilation
, A 42-year-old female has findings of muscle spasms and cardiac abnormalities.
Laboratory tests indicate that she is hypocalcemic. Which of the following
occurrences is the most likely cause of her condition?
- ANS - Recent blood administration
1. The most likely EKG finding in the patient whose lab results indicate hypokalemia
is:
- ANS - Shallow T wave
1. The nurse admits a 1 week old newborn to the pediatric unit with a likely medical
diagnosis of severe dehydration due to feeding intolerance and vomiting. Which
physical findings are probable?
- ANS - Sunken fontanels, increased heart rate, dry mucus membranes
1. The percentage of total body water of a 70 kilogram male is about:
- ANS - 60%
1. An early sign of respiratory acidosis includes all except:
- ANS - Tremors
1. Water movement from the capillaries into the tissues is most likely determined by:
- ANS - Plasma oncotic pressure
1. A 25 year old woman reports edema in her lower legs and feet after a shift
standing as a grocery clerk. The likely cause of this edema is:
- ANS - Venous obstruction
1. The nurse caring for an elderly patient with congestive heart failure(CHF) is
discussing wound care for his recent leg injury. The nurse accurately teaches the
following finding, important for the patient to understand:
- ANS - Avoid edema in the legs, as it slows wound healing
The most commonly found cation in the intracellular fluid of the body is:
- ANS - Potassium
1. The following elements in plasma move readily across the capillary membrane
except:
- ANS - Protein
1. To provide homeostasis in the body, the enzyme renin is released in which of the
following circumstances?
- ANS - Sodium level decreases
in a ratio of:
- ANS - 1/20
1. Long-term potassium deficits increase the risk of:
- ANS - Cardiac Dysrhythmia
1. A 19-year-old male presents to his physician complaining of restlessness, muscle
cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. The severity of his
condition is not related to what factor?
- ANS - Age of symptom onset
1. Which of the following conditions is the most significant risk factor for developing
hypernatremia?
- ANS - Diarrhea
1. A 10-year-old male is brought to the ER because he is incoherent and
semiconscious. The CT scan reveals that he is suffering from cerebral edema. This
type of edema is referred to as:
- ANS - Localized Edema
1. Which of the following conditions would likely not increase permeability in the
capillaries?
- ANS - Low blood glucose
1. Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major renal buffering
system?
- ANS - HPO4/NH3
,1. Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with metabolic
acidosis?
- ANS - Hyperventilation
, A 42-year-old female has findings of muscle spasms and cardiac abnormalities.
Laboratory tests indicate that she is hypocalcemic. Which of the following
occurrences is the most likely cause of her condition?
- ANS - Recent blood administration
1. The most likely EKG finding in the patient whose lab results indicate hypokalemia
is:
- ANS - Shallow T wave
1. The nurse admits a 1 week old newborn to the pediatric unit with a likely medical
diagnosis of severe dehydration due to feeding intolerance and vomiting. Which
physical findings are probable?
- ANS - Sunken fontanels, increased heart rate, dry mucus membranes
1. The percentage of total body water of a 70 kilogram male is about:
- ANS - 60%
1. An early sign of respiratory acidosis includes all except:
- ANS - Tremors
1. Water movement from the capillaries into the tissues is most likely determined by:
- ANS - Plasma oncotic pressure
1. A 25 year old woman reports edema in her lower legs and feet after a shift
standing as a grocery clerk. The likely cause of this edema is:
- ANS - Venous obstruction
1. The nurse caring for an elderly patient with congestive heart failure(CHF) is
discussing wound care for his recent leg injury. The nurse accurately teaches the
following finding, important for the patient to understand:
- ANS - Avoid edema in the legs, as it slows wound healing
The most commonly found cation in the intracellular fluid of the body is:
- ANS - Potassium
1. The following elements in plasma move readily across the capillary membrane
except:
- ANS - Protein
1. To provide homeostasis in the body, the enzyme renin is released in which of the
following circumstances?
- ANS - Sodium level decreases
