LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT - TEST-BANK
FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) A GRADE
What is meant when researchers say that children develop their knowledge and
understanding about the world in a similar way to how science is conducted? - ANS-
Children create predictions about what's happening, test their predictions, establish
conclusions, and repeat as they learn new information, similar to the scientific method.
Which of the following is NOT a type of parenting according to Diane Baumrind and
colleagues? - ANS-authoritive
Lev Vygotsky suggested a social constructivist theory in which children construct their
own knowledge with the help of other people who "scaffold" their learning process. -
ANS-True
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shown by adults who had an avoidant
attachment to their caregiver when they were young? - ANS-Relying on groups of
people
Cognitive decline reduces fluid intelligence capacities, and while not all of the causes
are known, theories propose that reduced reserve capacity and general slowing of
information processing play a critical role. - ANS-True
According to the dynamic systems theory, how do infants develop motor skills? - ANS-
Infants perceive something new in the environment that motivates them to act. They use
their perceptions to fine-tune their movements.
Which of the following is not a cause of cognitive aging in older adults? - ANS-
Comparatively improved cognitive ability in younger generations
Which is not one of the stages proposed by Piaget? - ANS-Stage of physical operations
Jenny is at the zoo with her family. She points to each animal and says "doggie." This
illustrates: - ANS-overextension
What is the difference between rank-order and mean-level personality change? (select
all that apply) - ANS-Mean-level change = change in group average; rank-order change
= change in individual's rank within group
Mean-level change pertains to the group; rank-order change pertains to the individual
, In the study about sexual identity development in gay and lesbian adolescents, what
was the best predictor of timing of first homosexual activity? - ANS-Whether the
adolescent had same-sex activity first of same-sex labeling first
Humans take sensory input via their sensory organs. If a person is paying attention,
s/he will commit the information to short-term memory first, and for extremely important
information possibly even encode it into long-term memory. - ANS-True
According to one large meta-analysis of 152 studies, it was determined that personality
is set in stone in after adolescence. - ANS-False
Which of the following does not describe a child's goal orientation at school? - ANS-
Teacher-oriented
As people age, they get better at knowing what works best for them, who they enjoy and
which activities they like. All this makes them more and more like themselves. - ANS-
True
Goodness of fit refers to - ANS-How well a child's temperament matches the
environmental demands
While gender roles are expectations set in society, much evidence across cultures
shows that boys and girls tend to separate themselves as children. The roots for this lay
in some biological differences in temperament and in human behavioral evolution. -
ANS-True
What are social emotions that require at least basic self-awareness? - ANS-pride,
shame, guilt
Which is not one of the three major considerations in optimization of goal choice? -
ANS-Can the goal be made easier if it's too hard?
Our social relationships have a great effect on us because we learn from others and
gain emotional benefits from close social partners. - ANS-True
Research about the ability of infants to distinguish human speech sounds indicates that:
- ANS-infants gradually come to distinguish best the speech sounds of the language
spoken around them.
Which of the following describes the "individual reference norm"? - ANS-Comparisons
of the same person at different times
Which of the following BEST characterizes cognitive development according to Jean
Piaget? - ANS-Children construct their own understandings about how the world works.
FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) A GRADE
What is meant when researchers say that children develop their knowledge and
understanding about the world in a similar way to how science is conducted? - ANS-
Children create predictions about what's happening, test their predictions, establish
conclusions, and repeat as they learn new information, similar to the scientific method.
Which of the following is NOT a type of parenting according to Diane Baumrind and
colleagues? - ANS-authoritive
Lev Vygotsky suggested a social constructivist theory in which children construct their
own knowledge with the help of other people who "scaffold" their learning process. -
ANS-True
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shown by adults who had an avoidant
attachment to their caregiver when they were young? - ANS-Relying on groups of
people
Cognitive decline reduces fluid intelligence capacities, and while not all of the causes
are known, theories propose that reduced reserve capacity and general slowing of
information processing play a critical role. - ANS-True
According to the dynamic systems theory, how do infants develop motor skills? - ANS-
Infants perceive something new in the environment that motivates them to act. They use
their perceptions to fine-tune their movements.
Which of the following is not a cause of cognitive aging in older adults? - ANS-
Comparatively improved cognitive ability in younger generations
Which is not one of the stages proposed by Piaget? - ANS-Stage of physical operations
Jenny is at the zoo with her family. She points to each animal and says "doggie." This
illustrates: - ANS-overextension
What is the difference between rank-order and mean-level personality change? (select
all that apply) - ANS-Mean-level change = change in group average; rank-order change
= change in individual's rank within group
Mean-level change pertains to the group; rank-order change pertains to the individual
, In the study about sexual identity development in gay and lesbian adolescents, what
was the best predictor of timing of first homosexual activity? - ANS-Whether the
adolescent had same-sex activity first of same-sex labeling first
Humans take sensory input via their sensory organs. If a person is paying attention,
s/he will commit the information to short-term memory first, and for extremely important
information possibly even encode it into long-term memory. - ANS-True
According to one large meta-analysis of 152 studies, it was determined that personality
is set in stone in after adolescence. - ANS-False
Which of the following does not describe a child's goal orientation at school? - ANS-
Teacher-oriented
As people age, they get better at knowing what works best for them, who they enjoy and
which activities they like. All this makes them more and more like themselves. - ANS-
True
Goodness of fit refers to - ANS-How well a child's temperament matches the
environmental demands
While gender roles are expectations set in society, much evidence across cultures
shows that boys and girls tend to separate themselves as children. The roots for this lay
in some biological differences in temperament and in human behavioral evolution. -
ANS-True
What are social emotions that require at least basic self-awareness? - ANS-pride,
shame, guilt
Which is not one of the three major considerations in optimization of goal choice? -
ANS-Can the goal be made easier if it's too hard?
Our social relationships have a great effect on us because we learn from others and
gain emotional benefits from close social partners. - ANS-True
Research about the ability of infants to distinguish human speech sounds indicates that:
- ANS-infants gradually come to distinguish best the speech sounds of the language
spoken around them.
Which of the following describes the "individual reference norm"? - ANS-Comparisons
of the same person at different times
Which of the following BEST characterizes cognitive development according to Jean
Piaget? - ANS-Children construct their own understandings about how the world works.
