Developmental Psychology: Module 5.2
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
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3 aspects socioemotional development middle childhood - Answer✔peer relations, family
relations, moral development
overview peer relations middle childhood - Answer✔increasingly oriented toward peers & base
friendships on similarities & start associating with set of friends
when relational aggression increases (especially for girls) - Answer✔around 3rd grade
how various researchers investigated peer acceptance - Answer✔have vote for classmates
like/admire most (typically based on sociometric system by moreno (1934))
fraction of elementary school students fitting moreno (1934) categories (coie, dodge &
coppotelli (1982) - Answer✔2/3
category for children who don't fit in moreno (1934) classifications - Answer✔average
4 peer statuses moreno (1934) - Answer✔popular, rejected, neglected, controversial
peer status of children who receive most positive votes; well-liked and socially-skilled -
Answer✔popular
2 types popular children - Answer✔antisocial, prosocial
type of popular children who engage in relational aggression (gossip, humiliation) to cement
popularity - Answer✔antisocial
type of popular children who are often very socially skilled, good listeners, and communicators
without relational aggression - Answer✔prosocial
peer status of children who are actively disliked - Answer✔rejected
overview rejected children - Answer✔may show aggressive tendencies, less socially skilled than
popular/average
risks rejected children over other groups - Answer✔drug use, aggression, delinquency
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nuance rejected children - Answer✔some invite negative attention (hyperactive/aggressive
behaviors), others shy/unskilled socially
do all rejected children show future problems? - Answer✔no
peer status of children largely ignored by peers - Answer✔neglected
overview neglected children - Answer✔not as aggressive as rejected, less sociable than
popular/average but fairly socially skilled, more withdrawn
do neglected children tend to show poor outcomes like rejected children? - Answer✔no (similar
to average)
do neglected children report feeling unhappy while keeping to themselves? - Answer✔no
peer status of children who receive both positive and negative votes - Answer✔controversial
overview controversial children - Answer✔may show high social skills popular children but
equally/more aggressive than rejected children
3 typical descriptions controversial children - Answer✔bullies, class clown, rebels
how are outcomes for controversial children? - Answer✔mixed
complex problem that includes immediate consequences and long-term effects for family
involved - Answer✔divorce
3 immediate consequences divorce - Answer✔sharp drop income, increased family conflict,
changes parenting styles
when is sharp drop in income particularly likely divorce? - Answer✔mother-headed households
how many families headed by single mother live in poverty? - Answer✔majority
overview changes in parenting styles divorce - Answer✔both custodial and noncustodial
parents alter styles (may not be appropriate to child's needs)
2 factors determining how child responds to divorce - Answer✔age, gender
how young children may act divorce - Answer✔don't understand true reasons so might blame
themselves, regression to babyish ways
how older children may act divorce - Answer✔more understanding, act out in different ways
4 increased risks children of divorce - Answer✔running away, early sexual activity, delinquency,
poor school performance
what divorce may force children to do within household - Answer✔more responsibilities/adult-
like roles
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