1. What is the most common location for an atherosclerotic
plaque in the lower extremities?
A. Superficial femoral artery b) Popliteal artery c) Anterior tibial
artery d) Posterior tibial artery Answer: a) Superficial femoral
artery Rationale: The superficial femoral artery is the most
common site for plaque buildup due to its length and the forces
acting on it during limb movement.
2. What waveform pattern is typically seen in a normal peripheral
artery at rest?
A. Triphasic b) Biphasic c) Monophasic d) Continuous Answer: a)
Triphasic Rationale: A triphasic waveform reflects healthy arterial
compliance,
with forward, reverse, and forward components during the cardiac
cycle.
3. What is the purpose of a reverse Trendelenburg position during
venous duplex imaging?
A. To compress the deep veins b) To dilate the superficial veins c)
To reduce patient discomfort d) To improve arterial visualization
Answer: b) To dilate the superficial veins Rationale: Reverse
Trendelenburg promotes venous pooling, which aids in evaluating
venous insufficiency.
,4. Which condition may result in a tardus-parvus waveform?
A. Proximal stenosis b) Distal embolism c) Arteriovenous
malformation d) Aneurysm Answer: a) Proximal stenosis
Rationale: Tardus-parvus waveforms occur when blood flow is
dampened due to proximal arterial obstruction.
5. What is a hallmark of chronic venous insufficiency on
ultrasound?
A. Thickened arterial walls b) Reverse flow during Valsalva
maneuver c) Collapsed venous lumen d) Pulsatile venous flow
Answer: b) Reverse flow during Valsalva maneuver Rationale:
Chronic venous insufficiency often presents with valve
incompetence, leading to retrograde flow during maneuvers like
Valsalva.
6. Which vessel is primarily responsible for venous return from
the brain?
A. Subclavian vein b) Brachiocephalic vein c) Jugular vein d)
Vertebral vein Answer: c) Jugular vein Rationale: The internal
jugular vein is the primary pathway for venous return from the
brain.
7. What technique is used to differentiate between true and false
lumens in an arterial dissection?
, A. Gray-scale imaging b) Doppler waveform analysis c) Color flow
imaging d) Power Doppler imaging Answer: c) Color flow imaging
Rationale: Color flow imaging helps identify true and false lumens
based on flow direction and velocity patterns.
32. Which of the following vessels is part of the Circle of Willis?
A. Vertebral artery b) Internal carotid artery c) Basilar artery d)
Posterior communicating artery Answer: d) Posterior
communicating artery Rationale: The posterior communicating
artery is an integral part of the Circle of Willis.
8. Which test is the gold standard for evaluating cerebrovascular
disease?
A. CT angiography b) MR angiography c) Digital subtraction
angiography d) Duplex ultrasound Answer: c) Digital subtraction
angiography Rationale: Digital subtraction angiography is
considered the gold standard for cerebrovascular evaluation.
9. Which artery supplies blood to the foot via the plantar arch?
A. Anterior tibial artery b) Posterior tibial artery c) Popliteal
artery d) Peroneal artery Answer: b) Posterior tibial artery
Rationale: The posterior tibial artery contributes to the plantar
arch, supplying blood to the foot.
10. What is the primary diagnostic criterion for >70% stenosis in
a carotid artery?
plaque in the lower extremities?
A. Superficial femoral artery b) Popliteal artery c) Anterior tibial
artery d) Posterior tibial artery Answer: a) Superficial femoral
artery Rationale: The superficial femoral artery is the most
common site for plaque buildup due to its length and the forces
acting on it during limb movement.
2. What waveform pattern is typically seen in a normal peripheral
artery at rest?
A. Triphasic b) Biphasic c) Monophasic d) Continuous Answer: a)
Triphasic Rationale: A triphasic waveform reflects healthy arterial
compliance,
with forward, reverse, and forward components during the cardiac
cycle.
3. What is the purpose of a reverse Trendelenburg position during
venous duplex imaging?
A. To compress the deep veins b) To dilate the superficial veins c)
To reduce patient discomfort d) To improve arterial visualization
Answer: b) To dilate the superficial veins Rationale: Reverse
Trendelenburg promotes venous pooling, which aids in evaluating
venous insufficiency.
,4. Which condition may result in a tardus-parvus waveform?
A. Proximal stenosis b) Distal embolism c) Arteriovenous
malformation d) Aneurysm Answer: a) Proximal stenosis
Rationale: Tardus-parvus waveforms occur when blood flow is
dampened due to proximal arterial obstruction.
5. What is a hallmark of chronic venous insufficiency on
ultrasound?
A. Thickened arterial walls b) Reverse flow during Valsalva
maneuver c) Collapsed venous lumen d) Pulsatile venous flow
Answer: b) Reverse flow during Valsalva maneuver Rationale:
Chronic venous insufficiency often presents with valve
incompetence, leading to retrograde flow during maneuvers like
Valsalva.
6. Which vessel is primarily responsible for venous return from
the brain?
A. Subclavian vein b) Brachiocephalic vein c) Jugular vein d)
Vertebral vein Answer: c) Jugular vein Rationale: The internal
jugular vein is the primary pathway for venous return from the
brain.
7. What technique is used to differentiate between true and false
lumens in an arterial dissection?
, A. Gray-scale imaging b) Doppler waveform analysis c) Color flow
imaging d) Power Doppler imaging Answer: c) Color flow imaging
Rationale: Color flow imaging helps identify true and false lumens
based on flow direction and velocity patterns.
32. Which of the following vessels is part of the Circle of Willis?
A. Vertebral artery b) Internal carotid artery c) Basilar artery d)
Posterior communicating artery Answer: d) Posterior
communicating artery Rationale: The posterior communicating
artery is an integral part of the Circle of Willis.
8. Which test is the gold standard for evaluating cerebrovascular
disease?
A. CT angiography b) MR angiography c) Digital subtraction
angiography d) Duplex ultrasound Answer: c) Digital subtraction
angiography Rationale: Digital subtraction angiography is
considered the gold standard for cerebrovascular evaluation.
9. Which artery supplies blood to the foot via the plantar arch?
A. Anterior tibial artery b) Posterior tibial artery c) Popliteal
artery d) Peroneal artery Answer: b) Posterior tibial artery
Rationale: The posterior tibial artery contributes to the plantar
arch, supplying blood to the foot.
10. What is the primary diagnostic criterion for >70% stenosis in
a carotid artery?
