FNP 2 Renal – Exam questions Complete Verified
Answers
what on a UA would indicate pyelonephritis? - ANSWER WBC casts
What 2 things on the UA indicate infection? - ANSWER + Nitrites & + Leukocyte esterase
Nitrites in a UA are most indicative of what type of bacteria? - ANSWER Gram negative
(e.coli and proteus)
if theres alkaline urine, UTI symptoms, & + leukocyte esterace what organism can you
anticipate? - ANSWER Proteus
concentrated hyaline casts indicates what? - ANSWER Pylonephritis
If you see +RBC on the dip but - on urinalysis what should you suspect? - ANSWER
Myoglobin.
What may fatty casts in the UA indicate? - ANSWER large amounts of protein loss i.e.
nephrotic syndrome
during what phase of CKD will you see waxy, broad casts in the UA? - ANSWER stage 4 &
5. they represent accumulated material thats been in the tubule long enough to form
"bricks".
Proteinuria is a reflection of what? - ANSWER glomerulus and tubule
integrity/permeability
, Are Tamm/horsfall proteins ok? - ANSWER yes they're "normal"
what is a better indicator of GFR instead of creatinine clearance? - ANSWER Cystatin. its
not as affected by age/gender like creatinine clearance
What 3 labs are functional parameters for kidney function? - ANSWER BUN (serum) +
creatinine(serum) + creatinine clearance (24hr urine)
How do you define Chronic Kidney Disease? - ANSWER 3 months of abnormal kidney
structure/function with associated health implications.
3 months of:
Kidney damage + GFR >60
Kidney damage + GFR <60
NO kidney damage GFR <60
What individuals are at risk for CKD? How often do we screen them? What screening
tests do we do? - ANSWER HTN, HLD, CVD, DM.
Screen yearly.
Serum creatinine & BUN (estimate GFR) + urinalysis (albumin) + spot albumin/creatinine
ratio + urine microscopy
How do you diagnose CKD? - ANSWER GFR (creatinine clearance) + Albuminuria
(Albumin:creatinine spot urine test) + Probably cause (HTN, HLD, DM, CVD)
What are the 5 different GFR stages of CKD? - ANSWER 1. kidney damage + GFR>90
2. GFR 60-89
3a. GFR 45-59
3b. GFR 30-44
Answers
what on a UA would indicate pyelonephritis? - ANSWER WBC casts
What 2 things on the UA indicate infection? - ANSWER + Nitrites & + Leukocyte esterase
Nitrites in a UA are most indicative of what type of bacteria? - ANSWER Gram negative
(e.coli and proteus)
if theres alkaline urine, UTI symptoms, & + leukocyte esterace what organism can you
anticipate? - ANSWER Proteus
concentrated hyaline casts indicates what? - ANSWER Pylonephritis
If you see +RBC on the dip but - on urinalysis what should you suspect? - ANSWER
Myoglobin.
What may fatty casts in the UA indicate? - ANSWER large amounts of protein loss i.e.
nephrotic syndrome
during what phase of CKD will you see waxy, broad casts in the UA? - ANSWER stage 4 &
5. they represent accumulated material thats been in the tubule long enough to form
"bricks".
Proteinuria is a reflection of what? - ANSWER glomerulus and tubule
integrity/permeability
, Are Tamm/horsfall proteins ok? - ANSWER yes they're "normal"
what is a better indicator of GFR instead of creatinine clearance? - ANSWER Cystatin. its
not as affected by age/gender like creatinine clearance
What 3 labs are functional parameters for kidney function? - ANSWER BUN (serum) +
creatinine(serum) + creatinine clearance (24hr urine)
How do you define Chronic Kidney Disease? - ANSWER 3 months of abnormal kidney
structure/function with associated health implications.
3 months of:
Kidney damage + GFR >60
Kidney damage + GFR <60
NO kidney damage GFR <60
What individuals are at risk for CKD? How often do we screen them? What screening
tests do we do? - ANSWER HTN, HLD, CVD, DM.
Screen yearly.
Serum creatinine & BUN (estimate GFR) + urinalysis (albumin) + spot albumin/creatinine
ratio + urine microscopy
How do you diagnose CKD? - ANSWER GFR (creatinine clearance) + Albuminuria
(Albumin:creatinine spot urine test) + Probably cause (HTN, HLD, DM, CVD)
What are the 5 different GFR stages of CKD? - ANSWER 1. kidney damage + GFR>90
2. GFR 60-89
3a. GFR 45-59
3b. GFR 30-44
