Certified Brain Injury Specialist (CBIS) Exam
Guide - Part II question/answer graded A+
2024/2025
Participation - ✔️✔️term used to described engagement in social roles -- a critical
component of the WHO-ICF biopsychosocial model
CHART-SF - ✔️✔️Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Techniques - Short Form;
objective assessment of a person's engagement in roles within society; first made in
1992 and later revised in 1999
M2P2 (MPAI-4) - ✔️✔️Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 Participation Index;
designed to track post-acute rehab outcomes of both children and adults with TBI
PART-O - ✔️✔️Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective; developed
by TBIMS, measures the frequency of engagement or level of involvement in an activity
What are three outcome measures used in post-acute rehabilitation? - ✔️✔️CHART-SF,
MPAI-4, PART-O
What are three outcome measures used in acute rehabilitation? - ✔️✔️DRS, Rancho Los
Amigos Scale, FIM/FAM
What are five outcome measures used early after injury to gauge cognitive status? -
✔️✔️GCS, GOAT, O-Log, CRS-R, AIS
community enfranchisement - ✔️✔️relatively new concept involving the extend to which
the person feels he or she has options and control over participation, feels a part of the
community, and feels valued
MCID - ✔️✔️minimal clinically important differences; relevant in participation to evaluate
effectiveness of interventions in controlled studies
Post-injury employment rates - ✔️✔️Reported at less than 10-40% post-injury
"Gold standard" in measuring success in rehabilitation - ✔️✔️Return to work
Return to work risk factors - ✔️✔️more severe injury, older age at time of injury, being
male, lower levels of pre-injury educational or occupational status, lack of social
support, significant physical, psycho-social, or cognitive impairments, being of a minority
race, history of substance abuse
,Return to work models - ✔️✔️supported employment, comprehensive integrated day
treatment, medical-vocational case coordination model
Comprehensive integrated day treatment model for RTW - ✔️✔️includes individual and
group therapies as well as vocational trials and supported employment; developed by
Prigatano and Ben-Yishay; demonstrated employment rates as high as 50-85%
Vocational case coordination model to RTW - ✔️✔️Developed by Malec and colleagues;
services included in this model include early identification and hospital-based vocational
case coordination, early medical and vocational rehabilitation interventions, work trials,
employer education, temporary work support, and supported employment; 80%+ of
those receiving VCC were employed in the community
Resource facilitation - ✔️✔️a partnership that helps people and communities choose, get
and keep information, services, and supports to make informed choices and meet their
goals; can reduce barriers and increase timely access to resources to improve
employment outcomes
Supported employment model to RTW - ✔️✔️emphasizes the use of a vocational
rehabilitation professional, known as an employment specialist or job coach, to provide
intensive individualized assistance to help him or her with gaining and maintaining
employment in a real job for real pay in the community
True or false: Supported Employment Services are authorized under the Rehabilitation
Act and are a service option under State Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) services -
✔️✔️True
What are typical services offered by an employment specialist? - ✔️✔️assessment, job
development, on the job training and support, case management, and long-term follow
along
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 as amended in 1998 - ✔️✔️provided federal grants to
states to operate comprehensive programs of VR services to persons with disabilities --
should be considered a core resource for persons with TBI
State VR services continuum - ✔️✔️Minimal intervention, education and preparation,
advocacy level services, and workplace supports
Practical strategies to enhance outcomes for persons with TBI + employment - ✔️✔️work
towards forming a coordinated system of care and community re-entry with timely VR
referrals; request and obtain neuropsych evals and vocational assessments that are
functional/relevant; understand that services must be individualized to the situation at
hand; provision of 1-time services are often inadequate; supported employment cannot
be implement without funding to provide long-term follow-up; providing vocational
support to TBI pts is often complex and multifaceted in nature
, Measurement definition - ✔️✔️the assignment of numbers to objects or events; consistent
and accurate measurements allow for specific descriptions of individuals with BI and for
comparison to others and to their own progress over time
Psychometric properties - ✔️✔️refer to a given instrument's validity and reliability
Reliability - ✔️✔️looks at how similar a rating would be comparing Therapist 1 and
Therapist 2 when they assess the same person
Validity - ✔️✔️looks at whether an instrument is measuring what it intended to measure
Common Data Elements (CDE) - ✔️✔️a standardized set of measure to be used in the
assessment of persons with brain injuries
Floor effect - ✔️✔️when the assessment is too challenging and many individuals receive
the lowest score (e.g., rating the capability of someone who is comatose on the ability to
climb stairs)
Ceiling effect - ✔️✔️when the assessment is too easy and many individuals receive the
highest score (e.g., rating the level of success one has with eye-opening when they've
returned to live home independently)
What does GCS stand for? - ✔️✔️Glasgow Coma Scale
What does the Glasgow Coma Scale measure? - ✔️✔️Level of consciousness
What are the three components used to generate the Glasgow Coma Scale? - ✔️✔️Eye
opening, verbal response, motor response
What range of scores is possible on the Glasgow Coma Scale? - ✔️✔️Between 3 and 15
How is the level of brain injury categorized based on GCS scores? - ✔️✔️Mild (13-15),
moderate (9-12), severe (8 or less)
True or false: duration of PTA is a poor predictor of long-term issues following brain
injury - ✔️✔️False; it is a good predictor
What levels of the Rancho Los Amigos Scale indicate that the person requires total
assistance? - ✔️✔️Levels 1-3
What levels of the Rancho Los Amigos Scale indicate that the person requires maximal
assistance? - ✔️✔️Levels 4-5
Guide - Part II question/answer graded A+
2024/2025
Participation - ✔️✔️term used to described engagement in social roles -- a critical
component of the WHO-ICF biopsychosocial model
CHART-SF - ✔️✔️Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Techniques - Short Form;
objective assessment of a person's engagement in roles within society; first made in
1992 and later revised in 1999
M2P2 (MPAI-4) - ✔️✔️Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 Participation Index;
designed to track post-acute rehab outcomes of both children and adults with TBI
PART-O - ✔️✔️Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective; developed
by TBIMS, measures the frequency of engagement or level of involvement in an activity
What are three outcome measures used in post-acute rehabilitation? - ✔️✔️CHART-SF,
MPAI-4, PART-O
What are three outcome measures used in acute rehabilitation? - ✔️✔️DRS, Rancho Los
Amigos Scale, FIM/FAM
What are five outcome measures used early after injury to gauge cognitive status? -
✔️✔️GCS, GOAT, O-Log, CRS-R, AIS
community enfranchisement - ✔️✔️relatively new concept involving the extend to which
the person feels he or she has options and control over participation, feels a part of the
community, and feels valued
MCID - ✔️✔️minimal clinically important differences; relevant in participation to evaluate
effectiveness of interventions in controlled studies
Post-injury employment rates - ✔️✔️Reported at less than 10-40% post-injury
"Gold standard" in measuring success in rehabilitation - ✔️✔️Return to work
Return to work risk factors - ✔️✔️more severe injury, older age at time of injury, being
male, lower levels of pre-injury educational or occupational status, lack of social
support, significant physical, psycho-social, or cognitive impairments, being of a minority
race, history of substance abuse
,Return to work models - ✔️✔️supported employment, comprehensive integrated day
treatment, medical-vocational case coordination model
Comprehensive integrated day treatment model for RTW - ✔️✔️includes individual and
group therapies as well as vocational trials and supported employment; developed by
Prigatano and Ben-Yishay; demonstrated employment rates as high as 50-85%
Vocational case coordination model to RTW - ✔️✔️Developed by Malec and colleagues;
services included in this model include early identification and hospital-based vocational
case coordination, early medical and vocational rehabilitation interventions, work trials,
employer education, temporary work support, and supported employment; 80%+ of
those receiving VCC were employed in the community
Resource facilitation - ✔️✔️a partnership that helps people and communities choose, get
and keep information, services, and supports to make informed choices and meet their
goals; can reduce barriers and increase timely access to resources to improve
employment outcomes
Supported employment model to RTW - ✔️✔️emphasizes the use of a vocational
rehabilitation professional, known as an employment specialist or job coach, to provide
intensive individualized assistance to help him or her with gaining and maintaining
employment in a real job for real pay in the community
True or false: Supported Employment Services are authorized under the Rehabilitation
Act and are a service option under State Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) services -
✔️✔️True
What are typical services offered by an employment specialist? - ✔️✔️assessment, job
development, on the job training and support, case management, and long-term follow
along
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 as amended in 1998 - ✔️✔️provided federal grants to
states to operate comprehensive programs of VR services to persons with disabilities --
should be considered a core resource for persons with TBI
State VR services continuum - ✔️✔️Minimal intervention, education and preparation,
advocacy level services, and workplace supports
Practical strategies to enhance outcomes for persons with TBI + employment - ✔️✔️work
towards forming a coordinated system of care and community re-entry with timely VR
referrals; request and obtain neuropsych evals and vocational assessments that are
functional/relevant; understand that services must be individualized to the situation at
hand; provision of 1-time services are often inadequate; supported employment cannot
be implement without funding to provide long-term follow-up; providing vocational
support to TBI pts is often complex and multifaceted in nature
, Measurement definition - ✔️✔️the assignment of numbers to objects or events; consistent
and accurate measurements allow for specific descriptions of individuals with BI and for
comparison to others and to their own progress over time
Psychometric properties - ✔️✔️refer to a given instrument's validity and reliability
Reliability - ✔️✔️looks at how similar a rating would be comparing Therapist 1 and
Therapist 2 when they assess the same person
Validity - ✔️✔️looks at whether an instrument is measuring what it intended to measure
Common Data Elements (CDE) - ✔️✔️a standardized set of measure to be used in the
assessment of persons with brain injuries
Floor effect - ✔️✔️when the assessment is too challenging and many individuals receive
the lowest score (e.g., rating the capability of someone who is comatose on the ability to
climb stairs)
Ceiling effect - ✔️✔️when the assessment is too easy and many individuals receive the
highest score (e.g., rating the level of success one has with eye-opening when they've
returned to live home independently)
What does GCS stand for? - ✔️✔️Glasgow Coma Scale
What does the Glasgow Coma Scale measure? - ✔️✔️Level of consciousness
What are the three components used to generate the Glasgow Coma Scale? - ✔️✔️Eye
opening, verbal response, motor response
What range of scores is possible on the Glasgow Coma Scale? - ✔️✔️Between 3 and 15
How is the level of brain injury categorized based on GCS scores? - ✔️✔️Mild (13-15),
moderate (9-12), severe (8 or less)
True or false: duration of PTA is a poor predictor of long-term issues following brain
injury - ✔️✔️False; it is a good predictor
What levels of the Rancho Los Amigos Scale indicate that the person requires total
assistance? - ✔️✔️Levels 1-3
What levels of the Rancho Los Amigos Scale indicate that the person requires maximal
assistance? - ✔️✔️Levels 4-5
