HIGH-YIELD CONCEPTS AND QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2025|| 2026 ||ALREADY
GRADED A+
often precedes squamous cell carcinoma - CORRECT ANSWERS - actinic
keratosis
primary adrenocortical deficiency - CORRECT ANSWERS - Addison's
disease
polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short
stature, young girls - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - Albright's
syndrome
hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness - CORRECT ANSWERS - Alport's
syndrome
anti-basement membrane antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
Goodpasture's syndrome
anticentromere antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
scleroderma (CREST)
anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (ANA antibodies) - diagnosis?
- what hypersensitivity type? - CORRECT ANSWERS - SLE - type III
hypersensitivity
,anti-epithelial cell antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
pemphigus vulgaris
antigliadin antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - celiac disease
antihistone antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - drug-induced
SLE
anti-IgG antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - rheumatoid
arthritis
antimitochondrial antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
primary biliary cirrhosis
antineutrophil antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - vasculitis
antiplatelet antibodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura
arachnodactyly - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - Marfan's syndrome
Argyll-Robertson pupil - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
neurosyphilis
Arnold-Chiari malformation - CORRECT ANSWERS - cerebellar tonsillar
herniation
Aschoff bodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - rheumatic fever
,atrophy of the mammillary bodies - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
Wernicke's encephalopathy
Auer rods - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - acute myelogenous
leukemia (especially promyelocytic type)
autosplenectomy - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - sickle cell anemia
Babinski's sign is associated with what? - CORRECT ANSWERS - UMN
lesion
"bamboo spine" on x-ray - CORRECT ANSWERS - ankylosing spondylitis
basophilic stippling of RBCs - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - lead
poisoning
defective dystrophin, less severe than Duchenne's - CORRECT ANSWERS -
Becker's muscular dystrophy
LMN CN VII palsy - CORRECT ANSWERS - Bell's palsy
Bence Jones proteins - possible diagnoses?
- in each case, what are the proteins? - CORRECT ANSWERS - multiple
myeloma - kappa or lambda light chains
Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia - IgM
IgA nephropathy - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - Berger's disease
Bernard-Soulier disease - what is the defect? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
defect in platelet adhesion
, bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
sarcoidosis
Birbeck granules on EM - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
bloody tap on LP - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - subarachnoid
hemorrhage
"blue bloater" - CORRECT ANSWERS - chronic bronchitis
blue-domed cysts - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - fibrocystic change
of the breast
blue sclera - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - osteogenesis imperfecta
boot-shaped heart on x-ray - possible diagnoses? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
tetralogy of Fallot or RVH
Bouchard's nodes - diagnosis?
- where are they located?
- why do they occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS - osteoarthritis - on PIP
secondary to osteophytes
boutonniere deformity - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS - rheumatoid
arthritis
branching rods in oral infection - diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS -
Actinomyces israelii