Hemodialysis Study Guide Exam Questions and Answers

Hemodialysis Study Guide Exam Questions and Answers


1. What is hemodialysis?: most common renal replacement therapy used in ESKD and kidney f
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ailure
2. Where may hemodialysis be preformed?: -in-patient procedure on critically ill patients
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-out-patient for more stable patients
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3. What happens during hemodialysis?: -blood and dialysate run in different directions
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-
toxins are diffused into the dialysate, leaving the patient's blood free from toxins/at least reduc
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d toxins
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4. What is dialysate?: dialyzing solution that mimics human plasma
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5. What is given during hemodialysis to prevent clotting?: anticoagulants
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6. What type of anticoagulant is given during hemodialysis?: heparin
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7. What is the antidote for heparin?: protamine sulfate
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8. When HD is expected to be used for several weeks what type of catheter is used?: subcl
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avian dialysis catheter
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9. What is a subclavian dialysis catheter?: -
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a radiopaque tube that can be used for hemodialysis
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-Y-shaped tubing allows arterial outflow and venous return through a single catheter
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10. What are the types of subclavian dialysis catheters?: -Mahurkar catheter
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-PermCath Catheter h



11. What is a Mahurkar catheter?: -made of polyurethane
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-used for short-term access
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12. What is a PermCath catheter?: -made of silicone
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-used for long-term access
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13. What are the advantages of hemodialysis?: -more efficient clearance
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-short time needed for treatment
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14. What are possible complications of hemodialysis?: -disequilibrium syn- drome
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-muscle cramps
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, -hemorrhage
-air embolus
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-hemodynamic changes (hypotension, anemia)
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-cardiac dysrhythmias
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-infection
15. What is contraindicated in hemodialysis?: hemodynamically instability
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16. What type of access is used in hemodialysis?: -vascular route
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17. What type of procedure is involved in hemodialysis?: -complex
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-specially trained registered nurse required
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