NBCE PART 2 REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+

NBCE PART 2 REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ Obstruction of common bile duct results in - Answer-Direct increase in serum bilirubin Palpation of anterior thorax, tenderness at 7th intercostal space - Answer-Costochondritis Patient hx of heavy smoking and drinking, dysphagia, drooling - Answer-Esophageal varices Child with joint pain, murmur, increased ESR - Answer-Rheumatic fever Avoid this during palpation of cricoid area - Answer-Carotid sinus Female patient with thickened rectovaginal septum indicates - Answer-Uterine retroversion Which cells are increased in the presence of HIV - Answer-T-cells Which test is most diagnostic in a patient with (SLE) alopecia and joint pain? - Answer-ANA nutritional disorder caused by thiamine deficiency resulting in vision and neurological deficits - Answer-Wernicke Syndrome nutritional disorder caused by thiamine deficiency resulting in memory loss with confabulation - Answer-Korsakoff Psychosis nutritional disorder caused by B12 deficiency resulting in dorsal column and spinothalmic damage. Associated with pernicious anemia - Answer-Posterolateral Sclerosis congenital disorder caused by accumulation of CSF in brain ventricles - Answer-Hydrocephalus congenital disorder caused by herniation of posterior cerebellum into foramen magnum. Can result in syringomyelia (dilation of central spinal cord) - Answer-Arnold-Chiari congenital disorder caused by cystic dilation of the 4th ventricle - Answer-Dandy-Walker congenital disorder characterized by non-progressive motor deficits caused by prenatal brain anoxia - Answer-Cerebral Palsy degenerative disorder characterized by diffuse cerebral atrophy and pronounced memory loss along with hirano bodies, amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles - Answer-Alzheimer degenerative disorder characterized by a pale substantia nigra, decreased dopamine, lewy bodies, masked faces, shuffling feet, and resting pill-rolling tremors - Answer-Parkinson degenerative disorder characterized by basal ganglia damage leading to writhing "choriform" movements and mental deterioration - Answer-Huntington chorea degenerative disorder characterized as a progressive upper and lower motor neuron lesion affecting the lower and upper limbs. ALS is caused by lateral column and ventral horn damage leading to progressive ascending paralysis (both spastic and flaccid) and eventual death - Answer-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis degenerative disorder characterized by autoimmune demyelination of the brain and spinal cord. There are periods of exacerbation and remission in which plaques form and disappear - Answer-Multiple Sclerosis metabolic disorder caused by mycobacterium leprae involving the skin and peripheral nerves, causes skin lesions, tissue damage and breakage. - Answer-Hanson (Leprosy) metabolic disorder characterized by infectious ascending demyelinating polyneuropathy that begins in the hands/feet and spreads toward trunk. Presents with progressive motor weakness in the legs. Caused by viral infection or immunization. Usually self-limiting but can be life-threatening if diaphragm is involved. - Answer-Guillian-Barre (Landry Paralysis) infectious disorder characterized by shaking, caused by prion infection from eating brains - Answer-Kuru infectious disorder caused by the spread of enterovirus via fecal-oral route. Characterized by flaccid paralysis (affecting the anterior horn cell) - Answer-Polio intrauterine infection of the fetus resulting in interstitial keratitis, deafness, saddle (flat) nose, rhagades (cracked lips), Hutchinson's teeth (notched incisors), and saber shin deformity - Answer-Congenital syphilis most common primary brain tumor - Answer-Gliobastoma most common secondary brain tumor (benign lesion in fall cerebri) - Answer-Meningioma "waiter's tip" position. Damage to C5/C6 nerve root caused during vertex delivery, sports injury - Answer-Erb-Duchene "claw hand" deformity. Damage to C8/T1 nerve root caused during breech delivery, sports injury - Answer-Klumpke Compression of radial nerve at wrist. Pain at lateral aspect of distal forearm - Answer-Cheiralgia Paresthetica Compression of lateral femoral cutaneous at thigh. Pain at anterolateral aspect of thigh - Answer-Meralgia Paresthetica Compression of saphenous nerve at knee. Pain at medial knee and anterior/medial leg pain - Answer-Gonalgia Paresthetica autonomic disorder affecting Auerbach & Meissner plexi in which the gut is unable to relax normally leading to chronic constipation. - Answer-Hirschsprung autonomic disorder affecting Myenteric plexus resulting in liquid dysphagia. - Answer-Achalasia autonomic disorder affecting the sympathetic trunk resulting in unilateral ptosis (eye droop), anhydrosis (inability to sweat), and miosis (small pupils) "PAM is horny". Seen with Pancoast tumor, CAD, and apical lung cancer - Answer-Horner Syndrome autonomic disorder affecting the sympathetic nerves following an injury. Characterized by pain, swelling, and osteoporosis of the underlying bone (usually in the foot) - Answer-Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy/Sudeck Atrophy) Whispered pectoriloquy - Answer-Lobar pneumonia Chronic fatigue syndrome - Answer-insomnia Hx of rectal pain with red blood in stool - Answer-Internal hemorrhoids Pain upon defecation - Answer-Anal fissure Presence of T-wave indicates - Answer-Ventricular repolarization Presence of deep Q-wave indicates - Answer-Myocardial Infarction Short, non-musical breath sounds - Answer-Crackles