PHYS 261 - Lab Quiz 2
What is potential energy? - ✔️✔️stored energy
What is kinetic energy? - ✔️✔️energy of molecules in motion
What are 2 characteristics of molecular motion? - ✔️✔️1. random
2. erratic
What type of energy does molecular motion reflect? - ✔️✔️kinetic energy
How is speed of molecular motion effected by temperature? - ✔️✔️higher speed =
faster
What is velocity? - ✔️✔️Speed in a given direction
What is a concentration gradient? - ✔️✔️difference in the concentration of a substance
from one location to another
Where do molecules want to move? - ✔️✔️with the gradient (potential energy)
What is diffusion? - ✔️✔️The movement of particles from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration.
What is osmosis? - ✔️✔️diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
What is passive diffusion? - ✔️✔️movement of molecules in the direction of
concentration (high > low) ; does not require energy
What is active transport? - ✔️✔️movement of molecules against a concentration
gradient (low > high) , requires energy (ATP)
What type of transport equalizes the gradient? - ✔️✔️passive
What type of transport builds the gradient? - ✔️✔️active
What is an isotonic solution? - ✔️✔️Contains equal concentrations of solutes inside
and outside the cell
- water flows both ways
What is a hypertonic solution? - ✔️✔️higher solute concentration outside of the cell
- water moves out of the cell and into the solution causing the cell to shrivel
What is potential energy? - ✔️✔️stored energy
What is kinetic energy? - ✔️✔️energy of molecules in motion
What are 2 characteristics of molecular motion? - ✔️✔️1. random
2. erratic
What type of energy does molecular motion reflect? - ✔️✔️kinetic energy
How is speed of molecular motion effected by temperature? - ✔️✔️higher speed =
faster
What is velocity? - ✔️✔️Speed in a given direction
What is a concentration gradient? - ✔️✔️difference in the concentration of a substance
from one location to another
Where do molecules want to move? - ✔️✔️with the gradient (potential energy)
What is diffusion? - ✔️✔️The movement of particles from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration.
What is osmosis? - ✔️✔️diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
What is passive diffusion? - ✔️✔️movement of molecules in the direction of
concentration (high > low) ; does not require energy
What is active transport? - ✔️✔️movement of molecules against a concentration
gradient (low > high) , requires energy (ATP)
What type of transport equalizes the gradient? - ✔️✔️passive
What type of transport builds the gradient? - ✔️✔️active
What is an isotonic solution? - ✔️✔️Contains equal concentrations of solutes inside
and outside the cell
- water flows both ways
What is a hypertonic solution? - ✔️✔️higher solute concentration outside of the cell
- water moves out of the cell and into the solution causing the cell to shrivel
