US HISTORY 1300 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Mercantilism - ANSWER-"The policy of Great Britain and other imperial powers of
regulating the economies of colonies to benefit the mother country. It encourages
manufacturing and commerce special bounties and monopolies, and other measures.
The trade should be controlled so that more gold and silver flowed into the country than
left it. Enabled English merchants, manufacturers, shipbuilders, and sailors to reap the
benefits of colonial trade, and the government to enjoy added income from taxes."
Prince Henry The Navigator - ANSWER-"Although he was neither a sailor nor a
navigator, he sponsored a great deal of exploration along the west coast of Africa.
Under his patronage, Portuguese crews founded the country's first colonies and visited
regions previously unknown to Europeans. Henry is regarded as an originator of the
Age of Discovery and the Atlantic slave trade."
Gold, God, and Glory - ANSWER-"to describe the motives generating the overseas
exploration, expansion, and conquests that allowed various European countries to rise
to world power between 1400 and 1750. "Gold" refers to the search for material gain
through acquiring and selling Asian spices, African slaves, American metals, and other
resources. As merchants gained influence in late-medieval western Europe, they
convinced their governments to establish a direct connection to the lucrative Asian
trade, leading to the first European voyages of discovery in the 1400s. "God" refers to
the militant crusading and missionary traditions of Christianity, characterized in part by
rivalry with Islam and hatred of non-Christian religions. "Glory" alludes to the
competition between monarchies. "
Aztecs - ANSWER-"mesoamerican people who were conquered by the Spanish under
Herman Cortes 1519-1528. The Aztecs were violent warriors who engaged in the ritual
sacrifice of captives and others, sometimes thousands at a timeThis Practice Throughly
alienated their neighbors and reinforced the Spanish view of America's native
population as barbarians. Taken over by Cortes. The city then turned into the capital of
the Spanish empire that boasted churches, hospitals, monasteries, government
buildings, and the New World's first university."
Sir Walter Raleigh/ Roanoke Colony - ANSWER-"English expedition of 117 settlers
including Virginia Dare, the first English child born I the new world; the colony
disappeared from Roaoke island in the outer banks sometime between 1587 and 1590.
Both sets of colonists sent to the Roanoke colony (North Carolina coast) by Raleigh
were failed expeditions and the cause is unknown"
Head Right System - ANSWER-"a land grant policy the promised fifty acres to any
colonist who could afford passage to Virginia, as well as fifty more for any
, accompanying servants. The head Right policy was eventually expanded to include any
colonists- and was also adopted in other colonies."
John Calvin - ANSWER-"Born in France in 1509, theologian/ecclesiastical statesman
John Calvin was Martin Luther's successor as the preeminent Protestant theologian.
Calvin made a powerful impact on the fundamental doctrines of Protestantism, and is
widely credited as the most important figure in the second generation of the Protestant
Reformation. He died in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1564." All things all are made for God.
Everything is about God not about man. God is orderly.
Bacon's Rebellion - ANSWER-"Unsuccessful 1676 revolt led by planter Nathaniel
Bacon against Virginia governor William Berkley's administration because of
governmental corruption and because Berkley had failed to protect settlers from Indian
raids and did not allow them to occupy Indian lands. The Spector of civil war among
whites greatly frightened Virginia's ruling elite, who took dramatic steps to consolidate
their power and improve their image. Planters developed a new political style in which
they cultivated the support of poorer neighbors." a shift from indentured servants to
slaves. - IN 1676 Virginia began to shift from white servants to African slaves as the
main labor force. This led to the revolt by the planter Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia
governor William Berkley's administration because of governmental corruption. The
governor had ran a corrupt regime for thirty years in alliance with the colony's wealthiest
tobacco planters. - Restrictions on the right to vote — the institution of a new land
ownership requirement
Higher taxes
Low tobacco prices
A pervasive sense of subordination to an aristocratic minority
Lack of protection from Native American attacks.
Enclosure Movement - ANSWER-"A legal process that divided large farm fields in
England that were previously collectively owned by groups of peasants into smaller,
individually owned plots. The enclosure movement took place over several centuries,
and resulted in eviction for many peasants."
Tobacco - ANSWER-"Tobacco was grown by American Indians before the Europeans
came from England, Spain, France, and Italy to North America. Native Americans
smoked tobacco through a pipe for special religious and medical purposes. They did not
smoke every day. Tobacco was the first crop grown for money in North America."
Great Awakening - ANSWER-"Fervent religious revival movement in the 1720s through
the 1740s that was spread throughout the colonies by ministers like New England
congregationalist Johnathan Edwards and English revivalist George Whitfield. The
revivals were less coordinated movement than a series of local events united by a
commitment to a "religion of the heart", a more emotional and personal christianity than
that offered by existing churches"
AND ANSWERS
Mercantilism - ANSWER-"The policy of Great Britain and other imperial powers of
regulating the economies of colonies to benefit the mother country. It encourages
manufacturing and commerce special bounties and monopolies, and other measures.
The trade should be controlled so that more gold and silver flowed into the country than
left it. Enabled English merchants, manufacturers, shipbuilders, and sailors to reap the
benefits of colonial trade, and the government to enjoy added income from taxes."
Prince Henry The Navigator - ANSWER-"Although he was neither a sailor nor a
navigator, he sponsored a great deal of exploration along the west coast of Africa.
Under his patronage, Portuguese crews founded the country's first colonies and visited
regions previously unknown to Europeans. Henry is regarded as an originator of the
Age of Discovery and the Atlantic slave trade."
Gold, God, and Glory - ANSWER-"to describe the motives generating the overseas
exploration, expansion, and conquests that allowed various European countries to rise
to world power between 1400 and 1750. "Gold" refers to the search for material gain
through acquiring and selling Asian spices, African slaves, American metals, and other
resources. As merchants gained influence in late-medieval western Europe, they
convinced their governments to establish a direct connection to the lucrative Asian
trade, leading to the first European voyages of discovery in the 1400s. "God" refers to
the militant crusading and missionary traditions of Christianity, characterized in part by
rivalry with Islam and hatred of non-Christian religions. "Glory" alludes to the
competition between monarchies. "
Aztecs - ANSWER-"mesoamerican people who were conquered by the Spanish under
Herman Cortes 1519-1528. The Aztecs were violent warriors who engaged in the ritual
sacrifice of captives and others, sometimes thousands at a timeThis Practice Throughly
alienated their neighbors and reinforced the Spanish view of America's native
population as barbarians. Taken over by Cortes. The city then turned into the capital of
the Spanish empire that boasted churches, hospitals, monasteries, government
buildings, and the New World's first university."
Sir Walter Raleigh/ Roanoke Colony - ANSWER-"English expedition of 117 settlers
including Virginia Dare, the first English child born I the new world; the colony
disappeared from Roaoke island in the outer banks sometime between 1587 and 1590.
Both sets of colonists sent to the Roanoke colony (North Carolina coast) by Raleigh
were failed expeditions and the cause is unknown"
Head Right System - ANSWER-"a land grant policy the promised fifty acres to any
colonist who could afford passage to Virginia, as well as fifty more for any
, accompanying servants. The head Right policy was eventually expanded to include any
colonists- and was also adopted in other colonies."
John Calvin - ANSWER-"Born in France in 1509, theologian/ecclesiastical statesman
John Calvin was Martin Luther's successor as the preeminent Protestant theologian.
Calvin made a powerful impact on the fundamental doctrines of Protestantism, and is
widely credited as the most important figure in the second generation of the Protestant
Reformation. He died in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1564." All things all are made for God.
Everything is about God not about man. God is orderly.
Bacon's Rebellion - ANSWER-"Unsuccessful 1676 revolt led by planter Nathaniel
Bacon against Virginia governor William Berkley's administration because of
governmental corruption and because Berkley had failed to protect settlers from Indian
raids and did not allow them to occupy Indian lands. The Spector of civil war among
whites greatly frightened Virginia's ruling elite, who took dramatic steps to consolidate
their power and improve their image. Planters developed a new political style in which
they cultivated the support of poorer neighbors." a shift from indentured servants to
slaves. - IN 1676 Virginia began to shift from white servants to African slaves as the
main labor force. This led to the revolt by the planter Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia
governor William Berkley's administration because of governmental corruption. The
governor had ran a corrupt regime for thirty years in alliance with the colony's wealthiest
tobacco planters. - Restrictions on the right to vote — the institution of a new land
ownership requirement
Higher taxes
Low tobacco prices
A pervasive sense of subordination to an aristocratic minority
Lack of protection from Native American attacks.
Enclosure Movement - ANSWER-"A legal process that divided large farm fields in
England that were previously collectively owned by groups of peasants into smaller,
individually owned plots. The enclosure movement took place over several centuries,
and resulted in eviction for many peasants."
Tobacco - ANSWER-"Tobacco was grown by American Indians before the Europeans
came from England, Spain, France, and Italy to North America. Native Americans
smoked tobacco through a pipe for special religious and medical purposes. They did not
smoke every day. Tobacco was the first crop grown for money in North America."
Great Awakening - ANSWER-"Fervent religious revival movement in the 1720s through
the 1740s that was spread throughout the colonies by ministers like New England
congregationalist Johnathan Edwards and English revivalist George Whitfield. The
revivals were less coordinated movement than a series of local events united by a
commitment to a "religion of the heart", a more emotional and personal christianity than
that offered by existing churches"
