Chapter 8. Water
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse knows that babies are born with about 78% water. Which of the following is true at 1
year of age?
1. Water percentage drops to 46%
2. Water percentage drops to 55%
3. Water percentage drops to 60%
4. Water percentage drops to 65%
ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 8, Water
Objective: 2. Relate locations of the water by age and gender to the potential for harm caused
by imbalances.
Page: 122
Heading: Water in Human Nutrition
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Understanding
Concept: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. In infants, about 46% of body water is intracellular.
2 This is incorrect. Adult women are comprised of about 55% water.
3 This is incorrect. Adult men are comprised of about 60% water.
4 This is correct. Babies are born comprised of about 78% water, which drops to
65% at 1 year of age.
PTS: 1 CON: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
2. A nurse is teaching clients about fluid and balance distribution in the body. Which statements
by the clients indicate teaching is successful?
1. “About 80% of water needs come from fluid and 20% from foods.”
2. “About 50% of plasma is water and the other 50% blood products.”
3. “About 46% of intracellular water is in the body of all adults.”
4. “About 40% of all transcellular fluid is secreted in the vascular system.”
ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 8, Water
Objective: 2. Relate locations of the water by age and gender to the potential for harm caused
by imbalances.
Page: 122
Heading: Water in Human Nutrition
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Application
Concept: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
, Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is correct. Approximately 80% of water needs are expected to come from
fluids and 20% from foods.
2 This is incorrect. Approximately 91.5% of plasma is comprised of water.
3 This is incorrect. Approximately 46% of body water is intracellular in infants,
rather than adults.
4 This is incorrect. Transcellular fluids are constantly being secreted into their
spaces and reabsorbed into the vascular system.
PTS: 1 CON: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
3. A nurse is teaching clients about the importance of water balance. Which statement by the
clients shows an understanding of maintaining daily hydration?
1. “The proper amount of water required each day is difficult to determine.”
2. “I must drink enough water until I don’t want anything more to drink.”
3. “Everyone must drink at least 13 glasses of water per day for health.”
4. “Once my urine is yellow, then I know I have had enough water for the day.”
ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 8, Water
Objective: 2. Relate locations of the water by age and gender to the potential for harm caused
by imbalances.
Page: 131
Heading: Water Balance and Imbalances
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Application
Concept: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is correct. The exact amount of water intake required each day is difficult
to determine. This is due, in part, because accurately studying water intake has
utilized differing data collection methodologies.
2 This is incorrect. The Mayo Clinic generally advises drinking enough fluid so
that one is rarely thirsty, though advanced age may decrease the trigger for
thirst.
3 This is incorrect. Special sensors in the hypothalamus monitor the osmotic
pressure as the blood circulates in the brain. When the hypothalamus detects an
increase in osmotic pressure, the gland triggers a desire to drink.
4 This is incorrect. The Mayo Clinic generally advises drinking enough fluid that
urine is light yellow to colorless.
PTS: 1 CON: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
4. A nurse is taking care of a client diagnosed with dehydration. The client states, “I was fine
until I worked out in the yard for a few hours.” What does the nurse suspect happened?
1. Excessive perspiration
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse knows that babies are born with about 78% water. Which of the following is true at 1
year of age?
1. Water percentage drops to 46%
2. Water percentage drops to 55%
3. Water percentage drops to 60%
4. Water percentage drops to 65%
ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 8, Water
Objective: 2. Relate locations of the water by age and gender to the potential for harm caused
by imbalances.
Page: 122
Heading: Water in Human Nutrition
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Understanding
Concept: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. In infants, about 46% of body water is intracellular.
2 This is incorrect. Adult women are comprised of about 55% water.
3 This is incorrect. Adult men are comprised of about 60% water.
4 This is correct. Babies are born comprised of about 78% water, which drops to
65% at 1 year of age.
PTS: 1 CON: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
2. A nurse is teaching clients about fluid and balance distribution in the body. Which statements
by the clients indicate teaching is successful?
1. “About 80% of water needs come from fluid and 20% from foods.”
2. “About 50% of plasma is water and the other 50% blood products.”
3. “About 46% of intracellular water is in the body of all adults.”
4. “About 40% of all transcellular fluid is secreted in the vascular system.”
ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 8, Water
Objective: 2. Relate locations of the water by age and gender to the potential for harm caused
by imbalances.
Page: 122
Heading: Water in Human Nutrition
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Application
Concept: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
, Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is correct. Approximately 80% of water needs are expected to come from
fluids and 20% from foods.
2 This is incorrect. Approximately 91.5% of plasma is comprised of water.
3 This is incorrect. Approximately 46% of body water is intracellular in infants,
rather than adults.
4 This is incorrect. Transcellular fluids are constantly being secreted into their
spaces and reabsorbed into the vascular system.
PTS: 1 CON: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
3. A nurse is teaching clients about the importance of water balance. Which statement by the
clients shows an understanding of maintaining daily hydration?
1. “The proper amount of water required each day is difficult to determine.”
2. “I must drink enough water until I don’t want anything more to drink.”
3. “Everyone must drink at least 13 glasses of water per day for health.”
4. “Once my urine is yellow, then I know I have had enough water for the day.”
ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 8, Water
Objective: 2. Relate locations of the water by age and gender to the potential for harm caused
by imbalances.
Page: 131
Heading: Water Balance and Imbalances
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Application
Concept: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1 This is correct. The exact amount of water intake required each day is difficult
to determine. This is due, in part, because accurately studying water intake has
utilized differing data collection methodologies.
2 This is incorrect. The Mayo Clinic generally advises drinking enough fluid so
that one is rarely thirsty, though advanced age may decrease the trigger for
thirst.
3 This is incorrect. Special sensors in the hypothalamus monitor the osmotic
pressure as the blood circulates in the brain. When the hypothalamus detects an
increase in osmotic pressure, the gland triggers a desire to drink.
4 This is incorrect. The Mayo Clinic generally advises drinking enough fluid that
urine is light yellow to colorless.
PTS: 1 CON: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
4. A nurse is taking care of a client diagnosed with dehydration. The client states, “I was fine
until I worked out in the yard for a few hours.” What does the nurse suspect happened?
1. Excessive perspiration
