EMT Basic Exam Study Cards _ Complete EMT-B Certification
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EMT Basic Exam Study
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EMT-B Certification
Prep & Practice Guide
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Terms in this set (1006)
What is the primary purpose of a scene size-up in EMT operations?
The primary purpose of scene size-up is to identify hazards, determine the mechanism of injury
(MOI) or nature of illness (NOI), assess the number of patients, determine the need for
additional resources, and ensure the safety of responders, patients, and bystanders before
patient contact.
Define "mechanism of injury" (MOI).
Mechanism of injury refers to the forces or events that caused trauma to the patient, such as a
fall, gunshot wound, motor vehicle collision, or blast injury. Understanding MOI helps EMTs
predict hidden injuries.
The first priority upon arrival at any emergency scene is _______.
Scene safety. EMTs must ensure the environment is safe before approaching patients.
A patient is lying near downed electrical wires after a storm. What should the EMT do first?
The EMT should stay at a safe distance, prevent others from approaching, request the utility
company and fire department, and avoid touching the patient until the scene is declared safe.
EMTs should immediately enter a dangerous scene if a patient appears critically injured.
False. EMTs must never enter an unsafe scene. Becoming injured adds more victims and
compromises rescue operations.
What does BSI stand for in EMT practice?
Body Substance Isolation. It refers to infection control precautions used to prevent exposure to
blood and bodily fluids.
Which PPE item is MOST appropriate when treating a patient with suspected tuberculosis?
An N95 respirator mask because tuberculosis is an airborne disease requiring respiratory
protection.
What is the purpose of wearing gloves during patient care?
Gloves protect both the EMT and patient from exposure to infectious materials such as blood,
saliva, urine, and other bodily fluids.
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What is situational awareness in EMS operations?
Situational awareness is the continuous observation and understanding of surroundings,
hazards, patient conditions, and changing circumstances during emergency operations.
During scene size-up, why is determining the number of patients important?
It helps the EMT decide if additional resources, ambulances, or triage procedures are
necessary.
Define "nature of illness" (NOI).
Nature of illness refers to the patient's medical complaint or condition not caused by trauma,
such as chest pain, stroke, or diabetic emergency.
A patient was ejected from a vehicle during a crash. Why is this significant during scene size-
up?
Ejection from a vehicle indicates a high-energy mechanism of injury associated with severe
trauma and increased risk of internal injuries.
Standard precautions assume that all blood and body fluids are potentially _______.
Infectious.
What should an EMT do if a hostile crowd is present at the scene?
Remain at a safe location, wait for law enforcement, and avoid entering until the scene is
secured.
Why should EMTs park the ambulance carefully at a roadway incident?
Proper positioning protects responders, patients, and equipment from oncoming traffic and
creates a safety barrier.
What color placard may indicate hazardous materials on a vehicle?
Hazardous material placards vary by substance and may include orange, red, yellow, green,
white, or blue identification panels.
An EMT may remove a hazardous materials placard for easier identification.
False. EMTs should never touch or disturb hazardous materials placards or containers.
What is the safest approach to a hazardous materials incident?
Approach uphill, upwind, and upstream whenever possible to reduce exposure risk.
What is the danger zone at a hazardous materials scene called?
The hot zone. Only specially trained personnel with proper protective equipment may enter.
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Define "extrication."
Extrication is the process of safely removing a patient trapped in a vehicle or confined space.
Why should EMTs suspect spinal injury in high-speed collisions?
High-speed collisions involve significant force transfer that can injure the spine even if the
patient initially appears stable.
A patient fell 25 feet from a roof. What does this indicate to the EMT?
A significant mechanism of injury with potential for spinal, internal, and multiple traumatic
injuries.
Personal protective equipment is commonly abbreviated as _______.
PPE.
Which type of incident may require decontamination before patient care?
Hazardous material exposures involving chemicals, toxins, or biological contaminants.
Why is scene lighting important during nighttime emergencies?
Proper lighting helps identify hazards, improves patient assessment accuracy, and reduces
responder injury risk.
What should an EMT do if a firearm is found near a patient?
Avoid handling the weapon, secure the area if possible, and notify law enforcement
immediately.
Define "scene safety."
Scene safety is the process of identifying and minimizing risks to EMS personnel, patients, and
bystanders before and during emergency operations.
If a patient refuses care, the EMT no longer needs to consider scene safety.
False. Scene safety remains important regardless of patient cooperation or refusal.
What may indicate internal injuries in a motor vehicle crash despite minor vehicle damage?
Steering wheel deformity, seatbelt marks, windshield starring, or airbag deployment may
suggest hidden injuries.
Why is eye protection recommended during patient care?
Eye protection prevents exposure to blood splashes, secretions, and airborne particles that
may cause infection.
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Prep & Practice Guide https://www.stuvia.com/user/erictutor
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EMT Basic Exam Study
Cards | Complete
EMT-B Certification
Prep & Practice Guide
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Terms in this set (1006)
What is the primary purpose of a scene size-up in EMT operations?
The primary purpose of scene size-up is to identify hazards, determine the mechanism of injury
(MOI) or nature of illness (NOI), assess the number of patients, determine the need for
additional resources, and ensure the safety of responders, patients, and bystanders before
patient contact.
Define "mechanism of injury" (MOI).
Mechanism of injury refers to the forces or events that caused trauma to the patient, such as a
fall, gunshot wound, motor vehicle collision, or blast injury. Understanding MOI helps EMTs
predict hidden injuries.
The first priority upon arrival at any emergency scene is _______.
Scene safety. EMTs must ensure the environment is safe before approaching patients.
A patient is lying near downed electrical wires after a storm. What should the EMT do first?
The EMT should stay at a safe distance, prevent others from approaching, request the utility
company and fire department, and avoid touching the patient until the scene is declared safe.
EMTs should immediately enter a dangerous scene if a patient appears critically injured.
False. EMTs must never enter an unsafe scene. Becoming injured adds more victims and
compromises rescue operations.
What does BSI stand for in EMT practice?
Body Substance Isolation. It refers to infection control precautions used to prevent exposure to
blood and bodily fluids.
Which PPE item is MOST appropriate when treating a patient with suspected tuberculosis?
An N95 respirator mask because tuberculosis is an airborne disease requiring respiratory
protection.
What is the purpose of wearing gloves during patient care?
Gloves protect both the EMT and patient from exposure to infectious materials such as blood,
saliva, urine, and other bodily fluids.
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,1000 Flashcards EMT Basic Exam https://www.stuvia.com/user/erictutor https://www.stuvia.com/user/erictutor
What is situational awareness in EMS operations?
Situational awareness is the continuous observation and understanding of surroundings,
hazards, patient conditions, and changing circumstances during emergency operations.
During scene size-up, why is determining the number of patients important?
It helps the EMT decide if additional resources, ambulances, or triage procedures are
necessary.
Define "nature of illness" (NOI).
Nature of illness refers to the patient's medical complaint or condition not caused by trauma,
such as chest pain, stroke, or diabetic emergency.
A patient was ejected from a vehicle during a crash. Why is this significant during scene size-
up?
Ejection from a vehicle indicates a high-energy mechanism of injury associated with severe
trauma and increased risk of internal injuries.
Standard precautions assume that all blood and body fluids are potentially _______.
Infectious.
What should an EMT do if a hostile crowd is present at the scene?
Remain at a safe location, wait for law enforcement, and avoid entering until the scene is
secured.
Why should EMTs park the ambulance carefully at a roadway incident?
Proper positioning protects responders, patients, and equipment from oncoming traffic and
creates a safety barrier.
What color placard may indicate hazardous materials on a vehicle?
Hazardous material placards vary by substance and may include orange, red, yellow, green,
white, or blue identification panels.
An EMT may remove a hazardous materials placard for easier identification.
False. EMTs should never touch or disturb hazardous materials placards or containers.
What is the safest approach to a hazardous materials incident?
Approach uphill, upwind, and upstream whenever possible to reduce exposure risk.
What is the danger zone at a hazardous materials scene called?
The hot zone. Only specially trained personnel with proper protective equipment may enter.
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Define "extrication."
Extrication is the process of safely removing a patient trapped in a vehicle or confined space.
Why should EMTs suspect spinal injury in high-speed collisions?
High-speed collisions involve significant force transfer that can injure the spine even if the
patient initially appears stable.
A patient fell 25 feet from a roof. What does this indicate to the EMT?
A significant mechanism of injury with potential for spinal, internal, and multiple traumatic
injuries.
Personal protective equipment is commonly abbreviated as _______.
PPE.
Which type of incident may require decontamination before patient care?
Hazardous material exposures involving chemicals, toxins, or biological contaminants.
Why is scene lighting important during nighttime emergencies?
Proper lighting helps identify hazards, improves patient assessment accuracy, and reduces
responder injury risk.
What should an EMT do if a firearm is found near a patient?
Avoid handling the weapon, secure the area if possible, and notify law enforcement
immediately.
Define "scene safety."
Scene safety is the process of identifying and minimizing risks to EMS personnel, patients, and
bystanders before and during emergency operations.
If a patient refuses care, the EMT no longer needs to consider scene safety.
False. Scene safety remains important regardless of patient cooperation or refusal.
What may indicate internal injuries in a motor vehicle crash despite minor vehicle damage?
Steering wheel deformity, seatbelt marks, windshield starring, or airbag deployment may
suggest hidden injuries.
Why is eye protection recommended during patient care?
Eye protection prevents exposure to blood splashes, secretions, and airborne particles that
may cause infection.
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