AUD 641- Test 1 With Complete Solution
T/F: Pure-tone audiometry requires a behavioral response - ANSWER True
What are some of the patient variable that influence performance on a behavioral
hearing test? - ANSWER - age and development
- neurological immaturity
- cognitive factors
- language
- attention and state of arousal
- motivation
What are objective tests? - ANSWER tests that do not require a behavioral response
from a patient
What are the purposes of objective tests? - ANSWER - used when reliable/valid
information on auditory function cannot be obtained behaviorally
- helps localize the site of auditory dysfunction in the auditory system
What are the categories of audiologic behavioral tests? - ANSWER electrophysiological
tests and electroacoustic tests
What types of tests are electroacoustic tests? - ANSWER acoustic immittance
(tympanometry/acoustic reflexes) and otoacoustic emissions
What is the cross-check principle? - ANSWER no result is accepted until it is confirmed
by an independent measure
What are some of the strengths of electroacoustic tests? - ANSWER - do not require a
behavioral response
- results are not influenced by pt variables
- can test sedated or anesthetized pts
- provide site-specific information on auditory dysfunction
- no verbal cues necessary
- test infants and children
- reasonable test time
, What are some of the weaknesses of electroacoustic tests? - ANSWER - does not
measure "hearing"
- not sensitive to dysfunction in auditory cortex
- abnormal findings does not necessarily mean hearing loss
- single measure generally provides limited info
- does not test speech perception
What is the first major anatomical structure that responds to sound waves? - ANSWER
tympanic membrane
What are the two functions of the middle ear? - ANSWER - conduct sound energy from
EC to cochlea
- transduce acoustic energy to mechanical energy
What is a transducer? - ANSWER device that changes energy from one form to another
What is the function of the stapedius muscle? - ANSWER reduce movement of stapes at
oval window upon loud sounds to serve in a protective role
What is the function of the eustachian tube? - ANSWER Equalize pressure in the middle
ear with the outside atmosphere
What is impedance? - ANSWER opposition to the flow of energy throughout a system
What happens to the flow of sound energy when it passes from an air-filled to a
fluid-filled space? - ANSWER impedance mismatch
What are some ME structures that contribute to overall impedance? - ANSWER -
external EC
- tympanic membrane
- ME cavity
- ossicular chain
- coupling of stapes at oval window
What is the purpose of acoustic immittance tests? - ANSWER to evaluate the
(dys)function of a mechanical system
What are two tests included in acoustic immittance? - ANSWER tympanometry and
acoustic reflexes
What is the primary purpose of tympanometry? - ANSWER it is the most sensitive test of
middle ear function and may detect ME disorders missed by pure tone audiometry
T/F: Pure-tone audiometry requires a behavioral response - ANSWER True
What are some of the patient variable that influence performance on a behavioral
hearing test? - ANSWER - age and development
- neurological immaturity
- cognitive factors
- language
- attention and state of arousal
- motivation
What are objective tests? - ANSWER tests that do not require a behavioral response
from a patient
What are the purposes of objective tests? - ANSWER - used when reliable/valid
information on auditory function cannot be obtained behaviorally
- helps localize the site of auditory dysfunction in the auditory system
What are the categories of audiologic behavioral tests? - ANSWER electrophysiological
tests and electroacoustic tests
What types of tests are electroacoustic tests? - ANSWER acoustic immittance
(tympanometry/acoustic reflexes) and otoacoustic emissions
What is the cross-check principle? - ANSWER no result is accepted until it is confirmed
by an independent measure
What are some of the strengths of electroacoustic tests? - ANSWER - do not require a
behavioral response
- results are not influenced by pt variables
- can test sedated or anesthetized pts
- provide site-specific information on auditory dysfunction
- no verbal cues necessary
- test infants and children
- reasonable test time
, What are some of the weaknesses of electroacoustic tests? - ANSWER - does not
measure "hearing"
- not sensitive to dysfunction in auditory cortex
- abnormal findings does not necessarily mean hearing loss
- single measure generally provides limited info
- does not test speech perception
What is the first major anatomical structure that responds to sound waves? - ANSWER
tympanic membrane
What are the two functions of the middle ear? - ANSWER - conduct sound energy from
EC to cochlea
- transduce acoustic energy to mechanical energy
What is a transducer? - ANSWER device that changes energy from one form to another
What is the function of the stapedius muscle? - ANSWER reduce movement of stapes at
oval window upon loud sounds to serve in a protective role
What is the function of the eustachian tube? - ANSWER Equalize pressure in the middle
ear with the outside atmosphere
What is impedance? - ANSWER opposition to the flow of energy throughout a system
What happens to the flow of sound energy when it passes from an air-filled to a
fluid-filled space? - ANSWER impedance mismatch
What are some ME structures that contribute to overall impedance? - ANSWER -
external EC
- tympanic membrane
- ME cavity
- ossicular chain
- coupling of stapes at oval window
What is the purpose of acoustic immittance tests? - ANSWER to evaluate the
(dys)function of a mechanical system
What are two tests included in acoustic immittance? - ANSWER tympanometry and
acoustic reflexes
What is the primary purpose of tympanometry? - ANSWER it is the most sensitive test of
middle ear function and may detect ME disorders missed by pure tone audiometry
