AP World History Exam QUESTIONS AND WELL
UPDATED ANSWERS
Civilization - ANSWER>>An ambiguous term often used to denote more complex
societies but sometimes used by anthropologists to describe any group of people
sharing a set of cultural tra.
Culture - ANSWER>>Socially transmitted patterns of action expression. Material
culture refers to physical objects, such as dwellings, clothing, tools, crafts. Culture
also includes arts, beliefs, knowledge, technology.
History - ANSWER>>study of past events changes in development, transmission,
transformation of cultural practices.
Stone Age - ANSWER>>historical period characterized by production of tools from
stone or nonmetallic substances. It was followed by Bronze Age more generally by
Iron Age.
Paleolithic - ANSWER>>period of Stone Age associated with evolution of humans.
It predates Neolithic period.
Neolithic - ANSWER>>period of Stone Age associated with ancient Agricultural
Revolution(s). It follows Paleolithic period.
Foragers - ANSWER>>People who support mselves by hunting wild animals garing
wild edible plants insects.
Agricultural Revolutions - ANSWER>>change from food garing to food production
that occurred between ca. 8000 2000 B.C.E. Also known as Neolithic Revolution.
Megaliths - ANSWER>>Structures complexes of very large stones constructed for
ceremonial religious purposes in Neolithic times.
,Sumerians - ANSWER>>people who dominated sourn Mesopotamia through end
of third millennium B.C.E. y were responsible for creation of many fundamental
elements of Mesopotamian culture, such as irrigation technology, cuneiform,
religious conceptions, taken over by ir Semitic successors.
Semitic - ANSWER>>Family of related languages long spoken across parts of
western Asia norrn Africa. In antiquity se languages included Hebrew, Aramaic,
Phoenician. most widespread modern member of Semitic family is Arabic.
City-State - ANSWER>>A small independent state consisting of an urban center
surrounding agricultural territory. A characteristic political form in early
Mesopotamia, Archaic Classical Greece, Phoenicia, early Italy.
Babylon - ANSWER>>largest most important city in Mesopotamia. It achieved
particular eminence as capital of Amorite king Hammurabi in eighteenth century
B.C.E. Neo-Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar in sixth century B.C.E.
Hammurabi - ANSWER>>Amorite ruler of Babylon (r. 1792 - 1750 B.C.E.). He
conquered many city-states in sourn norrn Mesopotamia is best known for a code
of laws, inscribed on a black stone pillar, illustrating principles to be used in legal
cases.
Scribe - ANSWER>>In governments of many ancient societies, a professional
position reserved for men who had undergone lengthy training required to be
able to read write using cuneiforms, hieroglyphics, or or early, cumbersome
writing systems.
Ziggurat - ANSWER>>A massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mud bricks. It is
associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but function
is unknown.
,Amulet - ANSWER>>Small charm meant to protect bearer from evil. Found
frequently in archaeological excavations in Mesopotamia Egypt, amulets reflect
religious practices of common people.
Cuneiform - ANSWER>>A system of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols
represented words or syllables. It originated in Mesopotamia was used initially for
Sumerian Akkadian but later was adapted to represent or languages of western
Asia. Because so many symbols had to be learned, literacy was confined to a
relatively small group of administrators scribes.
Bronze - ANSWER>>An alloy of copper with a small amount of time (or sometimes
arsenic), it is harder more durable than copper alone. term Bronze Age is applied
to era- dates of which vary in different parts of world- when bronze was primary
metal for tools weapons. dem for bronze helped create long-distance networks of
trade.
Pharaoh - ANSWER>>central figure in ancient Egyptian state. Believed to be an ly
manifestation of gods, he used his absolute power to maintain safety prosperity
of Egypt.
Ma'at - ANSWER>>Egyptian term for concept of divinely created maintained order
in universe. Reflecting ancient Egyptians' belief in an essentially beneficent world,
divine ruler was ly guarantor of this order.
Pyramid - ANSWER>>A large, triangular stone monument, used in Egypt Nubia as
a burial place for king. largest pyramids, erected during Old Kingdom near
Memphis with stone tools compulsory labor, reflect Egyptian belief that proper
spectacular burial of divine ruler would guarantee continued prosperity of l.
Memphis - ANSWER>>capital of Old Kingdom Egypt, near head of Nile Delta. Early
rulers were interred in nearby pyramids.
, bes - ANSWER>>Capital city of Egypt home of ruling dynasties during Middle New
Kingdoms. Amon, patron deity of bes, became one of chief gods of Egypt.
Monarchs were buried across river in Valley of Kings.
Hieroglyphics - ANSWER>>A system of writing in which pictorial symbols
represented sounds, syllables, or concepts. It was used for official monumental
inscriptions in ancient Egypt. Because of long period of study required to master
this system, literacy in hieroglyphics was confined to a relatively small group of
scribes administrators. Cursive symbol-forms were developed for rapid
composition on or media, such as papyrus.
Papyrus - ANSWER>>A reed that grows along banks of Nile River in Egypt. From it
was produced a coarse, paperlike writing medium used by Egyptians many or in
ancient Mediterranean Middle East.
Mummy - ANSWER>>A body preserved by chemical processes or special natural
circumstances, often in belief that deceased will need it again in afterlife. In
ancient Egypt bodies of people who could afford mummification underwent a
complex process of removing organs, filling body cavities, dehydrating corpse
with natron, n wrapping body with linen bages enclosing it in a wooden
sarcophagus.
Harappa - ANSWER>>Site of one of great cities of Indus Valley civilization of third
millennium B.C.E. It was located on northwest frontier of zone of cultivation (in
modern Pakistan) may have been a center for acquisition of raw materials, such
as metals precious stones, from Afghanistan Iran.
Mohenjo-Daro - ANSWER>>Largest of cities of Indus Valley civilization. It was
centrally located in extensive floodplain of Indus River in contemporary Pakistan.
Little is known about political institutions of Indus Valley communities, but large
scale of construction at Mohenjo-Daro, orderly grid of streets, stardization of
building materials are evidence of central planning.
UPDATED ANSWERS
Civilization - ANSWER>>An ambiguous term often used to denote more complex
societies but sometimes used by anthropologists to describe any group of people
sharing a set of cultural tra.
Culture - ANSWER>>Socially transmitted patterns of action expression. Material
culture refers to physical objects, such as dwellings, clothing, tools, crafts. Culture
also includes arts, beliefs, knowledge, technology.
History - ANSWER>>study of past events changes in development, transmission,
transformation of cultural practices.
Stone Age - ANSWER>>historical period characterized by production of tools from
stone or nonmetallic substances. It was followed by Bronze Age more generally by
Iron Age.
Paleolithic - ANSWER>>period of Stone Age associated with evolution of humans.
It predates Neolithic period.
Neolithic - ANSWER>>period of Stone Age associated with ancient Agricultural
Revolution(s). It follows Paleolithic period.
Foragers - ANSWER>>People who support mselves by hunting wild animals garing
wild edible plants insects.
Agricultural Revolutions - ANSWER>>change from food garing to food production
that occurred between ca. 8000 2000 B.C.E. Also known as Neolithic Revolution.
Megaliths - ANSWER>>Structures complexes of very large stones constructed for
ceremonial religious purposes in Neolithic times.
,Sumerians - ANSWER>>people who dominated sourn Mesopotamia through end
of third millennium B.C.E. y were responsible for creation of many fundamental
elements of Mesopotamian culture, such as irrigation technology, cuneiform,
religious conceptions, taken over by ir Semitic successors.
Semitic - ANSWER>>Family of related languages long spoken across parts of
western Asia norrn Africa. In antiquity se languages included Hebrew, Aramaic,
Phoenician. most widespread modern member of Semitic family is Arabic.
City-State - ANSWER>>A small independent state consisting of an urban center
surrounding agricultural territory. A characteristic political form in early
Mesopotamia, Archaic Classical Greece, Phoenicia, early Italy.
Babylon - ANSWER>>largest most important city in Mesopotamia. It achieved
particular eminence as capital of Amorite king Hammurabi in eighteenth century
B.C.E. Neo-Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar in sixth century B.C.E.
Hammurabi - ANSWER>>Amorite ruler of Babylon (r. 1792 - 1750 B.C.E.). He
conquered many city-states in sourn norrn Mesopotamia is best known for a code
of laws, inscribed on a black stone pillar, illustrating principles to be used in legal
cases.
Scribe - ANSWER>>In governments of many ancient societies, a professional
position reserved for men who had undergone lengthy training required to be
able to read write using cuneiforms, hieroglyphics, or or early, cumbersome
writing systems.
Ziggurat - ANSWER>>A massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mud bricks. It is
associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but function
is unknown.
,Amulet - ANSWER>>Small charm meant to protect bearer from evil. Found
frequently in archaeological excavations in Mesopotamia Egypt, amulets reflect
religious practices of common people.
Cuneiform - ANSWER>>A system of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols
represented words or syllables. It originated in Mesopotamia was used initially for
Sumerian Akkadian but later was adapted to represent or languages of western
Asia. Because so many symbols had to be learned, literacy was confined to a
relatively small group of administrators scribes.
Bronze - ANSWER>>An alloy of copper with a small amount of time (or sometimes
arsenic), it is harder more durable than copper alone. term Bronze Age is applied
to era- dates of which vary in different parts of world- when bronze was primary
metal for tools weapons. dem for bronze helped create long-distance networks of
trade.
Pharaoh - ANSWER>>central figure in ancient Egyptian state. Believed to be an ly
manifestation of gods, he used his absolute power to maintain safety prosperity
of Egypt.
Ma'at - ANSWER>>Egyptian term for concept of divinely created maintained order
in universe. Reflecting ancient Egyptians' belief in an essentially beneficent world,
divine ruler was ly guarantor of this order.
Pyramid - ANSWER>>A large, triangular stone monument, used in Egypt Nubia as
a burial place for king. largest pyramids, erected during Old Kingdom near
Memphis with stone tools compulsory labor, reflect Egyptian belief that proper
spectacular burial of divine ruler would guarantee continued prosperity of l.
Memphis - ANSWER>>capital of Old Kingdom Egypt, near head of Nile Delta. Early
rulers were interred in nearby pyramids.
, bes - ANSWER>>Capital city of Egypt home of ruling dynasties during Middle New
Kingdoms. Amon, patron deity of bes, became one of chief gods of Egypt.
Monarchs were buried across river in Valley of Kings.
Hieroglyphics - ANSWER>>A system of writing in which pictorial symbols
represented sounds, syllables, or concepts. It was used for official monumental
inscriptions in ancient Egypt. Because of long period of study required to master
this system, literacy in hieroglyphics was confined to a relatively small group of
scribes administrators. Cursive symbol-forms were developed for rapid
composition on or media, such as papyrus.
Papyrus - ANSWER>>A reed that grows along banks of Nile River in Egypt. From it
was produced a coarse, paperlike writing medium used by Egyptians many or in
ancient Mediterranean Middle East.
Mummy - ANSWER>>A body preserved by chemical processes or special natural
circumstances, often in belief that deceased will need it again in afterlife. In
ancient Egypt bodies of people who could afford mummification underwent a
complex process of removing organs, filling body cavities, dehydrating corpse
with natron, n wrapping body with linen bages enclosing it in a wooden
sarcophagus.
Harappa - ANSWER>>Site of one of great cities of Indus Valley civilization of third
millennium B.C.E. It was located on northwest frontier of zone of cultivation (in
modern Pakistan) may have been a center for acquisition of raw materials, such
as metals precious stones, from Afghanistan Iran.
Mohenjo-Daro - ANSWER>>Largest of cities of Indus Valley civilization. It was
centrally located in extensive floodplain of Indus River in contemporary Pakistan.
Little is known about political institutions of Indus Valley communities, but large
scale of construction at Mohenjo-Daro, orderly grid of streets, stardization of
building materials are evidence of central planning.
