Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Purpose of theories in human development - CORRECT ANSWER - offer a framework for
explaining patterns, problems of development, produce hypotheses, offer practical guidance,
generage discoveries
Scientific method steps - CORRECT ANSWER - curiosity
develop hypothesis
test
draw conclusions
report results
scientific method definition - CORRECT ANSWER - procedure to answer questions with
empirical research and data based conclusions
teratogen - CORRECT ANSWER - substance/exposure that can case birth defects or
increase risks of baby being born w congenital disorder
Positive reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER - experience making an action more likely
to occur
Negative reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER - experiencemaking an action more likely
to go extinct
epigenetics - CORRECT ANSWER - the study of how environmental factors affect genes
or altering genes
behaviorism also called - CORRECT ANSWER - social learning also called
, behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER - learning occurs through modeling what others do.
Observed behaviors become copied
classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER - learning occurs through association
(Pavlov). Neutral stimulus becomes conditional response
opperant conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER - learning occurs through reinforcemnt or
punishment. BF Skinner.
Reinforcment = - CORRECT ANSWER - weak or rare responses become strong and
frequent
punishment = - CORRECT ANSWER - unwanted responses become extinct
Psychoanalytic king - CORRECT ANSWER - Freud
Psychoanalytics - CORRECT ANSWER - Freud. Development in first six years affects
personality, impulses and emotions life long.
Four phases of Freud's theory - CORRECT ANSWER - oral, anal, phallic, genital
post partum depression - CORRECT ANSWER - a new mothers feelings of inadequacy
and sadness in days/weeks after giving birth. Triggered by decreasing birth hormones
Newborn sleep - CORRECT ANSWER - 15-17 hours a day
lifespan perspective - CORRECT ANSWER - study of human development that takes into
account all phases of life