NVCC BIO 142 Chapter 16 questions with verified
answers
How does the nervous system control body functions? Ans✓✓-Uses neurons to
directly affect target cells through neurotransmitters
How does the endocrine system control body functions? Ans✓✓-secrete
hormones into the blood to reach receptors on target cells
Steps of Hormone Secretion Ans✓✓-1) Hormones secreted into interstitial fluid,
which then diffuse into blood capillaries
2) Blood transports hormones to the heart through veins
3) Leave heart to transport blood with hormones to rest of body through arteries
4) Hormones diffuse out of blood in capillary beds into interstitial fluid, and bind
to receptors on their target cells
General Functions of Endocrine System Ans✓✓-- regulating development,
growth, and metabolism
- maintaining homeostasis of blood composition and volume
- controlling digestive processes
- controlling reproductive activities
Autocrine Signals Ans✓✓-Chemical secreted by cells into ECF elicits effects from
the same cell
Paracrine Signals Ans✓✓-Chemical secreted by cells into ECF to influence nearby
cells
, Primary Endocrine Organs Ans✓✓-Anterior Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Gland
3-5 Parathyroid Glands
Adrenal Cortices
Endocrine Pancreas
Thymus
Ovaries/Testes
Secondary Endocrine Organs Ans✓✓-Hypothalamus
Pineal Gland
Adrenal Medulla
(neuroendocrine)
Secondary Endocrine Tissues Ans✓✓-Heart
Kidney
Small Intestine
Adipose Tissue
Cancer cells
Amino-acid based hormones Ans✓✓-one or more amino acid based hormones
Hydrophilic with the exception of Thyroid hormone
Steroid Hormones Ans✓✓-Cholesterol derivatives
answers
How does the nervous system control body functions? Ans✓✓-Uses neurons to
directly affect target cells through neurotransmitters
How does the endocrine system control body functions? Ans✓✓-secrete
hormones into the blood to reach receptors on target cells
Steps of Hormone Secretion Ans✓✓-1) Hormones secreted into interstitial fluid,
which then diffuse into blood capillaries
2) Blood transports hormones to the heart through veins
3) Leave heart to transport blood with hormones to rest of body through arteries
4) Hormones diffuse out of blood in capillary beds into interstitial fluid, and bind
to receptors on their target cells
General Functions of Endocrine System Ans✓✓-- regulating development,
growth, and metabolism
- maintaining homeostasis of blood composition and volume
- controlling digestive processes
- controlling reproductive activities
Autocrine Signals Ans✓✓-Chemical secreted by cells into ECF elicits effects from
the same cell
Paracrine Signals Ans✓✓-Chemical secreted by cells into ECF to influence nearby
cells
, Primary Endocrine Organs Ans✓✓-Anterior Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Gland
3-5 Parathyroid Glands
Adrenal Cortices
Endocrine Pancreas
Thymus
Ovaries/Testes
Secondary Endocrine Organs Ans✓✓-Hypothalamus
Pineal Gland
Adrenal Medulla
(neuroendocrine)
Secondary Endocrine Tissues Ans✓✓-Heart
Kidney
Small Intestine
Adipose Tissue
Cancer cells
Amino-acid based hormones Ans✓✓-one or more amino acid based hormones
Hydrophilic with the exception of Thyroid hormone
Steroid Hormones Ans✓✓-Cholesterol derivatives
