NVCC BIO 101 Exam 2 questions with verified answers
Metabolism Ans✓✓-the totality of an organism's chemical reactions
Metabolic pathway Ans✓✓-Begins with a specific molecule, which is then altered
in a series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product.
catabolic pathway Ans✓✓-release energy by breaking down complex molecules
into simpler compounds
anabolic pathways Ans✓✓-consume energy to build complex molecules from
simpler ones
- proteins are synthesized from simpler molecules called amino acids
Bioenergetics Ans✓✓-the study of how energy flows through living organisms
Energy Ans✓✓-the capacity to cause change
kinetic energy Ans✓✓-energy of motion
thermal energy Ans✓✓-kinetic energy associated with the random movement of
atoms or molecules
heat Ans✓✓-thermal energy in transfer from one object to another
potential energy Ans✓✓-energy that matter possesses because of its location or
structure
, chemical energy Ans✓✓-potential energy available for release in a chemical
reaction
Thermodynamics Ans✓✓-The study of energy transformations that occur in a
collection of matter.
first law of thermodynamics Ans✓✓-Energy can be transferred and transformed,
but it cannot be created or destroyed
- also called the principle of conservation of energy
second law of thermodynamics Ans✓✓-Every energy transfer or transformation
increases the entropy of the universe.
Entropy Ans✓✓-- a measure of molecular disorder, or randomness
- scientists use the term "disorder" to describe how dispersed energy is in a
system and how many energy levels are present
Chemical reactions Ans✓✓-- Endergonic ("energy in")
- Exergonic ("energy out")
- Energy coupling
Endergonic Ans✓✓-- A chemical reaction that requires the input of energy in
order to proceed
- yields product rich in potential energy
Metabolism Ans✓✓-the totality of an organism's chemical reactions
Metabolic pathway Ans✓✓-Begins with a specific molecule, which is then altered
in a series of defined steps, resulting in a certain product.
catabolic pathway Ans✓✓-release energy by breaking down complex molecules
into simpler compounds
anabolic pathways Ans✓✓-consume energy to build complex molecules from
simpler ones
- proteins are synthesized from simpler molecules called amino acids
Bioenergetics Ans✓✓-the study of how energy flows through living organisms
Energy Ans✓✓-the capacity to cause change
kinetic energy Ans✓✓-energy of motion
thermal energy Ans✓✓-kinetic energy associated with the random movement of
atoms or molecules
heat Ans✓✓-thermal energy in transfer from one object to another
potential energy Ans✓✓-energy that matter possesses because of its location or
structure
, chemical energy Ans✓✓-potential energy available for release in a chemical
reaction
Thermodynamics Ans✓✓-The study of energy transformations that occur in a
collection of matter.
first law of thermodynamics Ans✓✓-Energy can be transferred and transformed,
but it cannot be created or destroyed
- also called the principle of conservation of energy
second law of thermodynamics Ans✓✓-Every energy transfer or transformation
increases the entropy of the universe.
Entropy Ans✓✓-- a measure of molecular disorder, or randomness
- scientists use the term "disorder" to describe how dispersed energy is in a
system and how many energy levels are present
Chemical reactions Ans✓✓-- Endergonic ("energy in")
- Exergonic ("energy out")
- Energy coupling
Endergonic Ans✓✓-- A chemical reaction that requires the input of energy in
order to proceed
- yields product rich in potential energy
