Page | 1
Twitter: @nursehooman
Facebook: facebook.com/nurse.hooman
CHAPTER I
g
HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY OF Lavinia Dock a feminist, active in protest for womens right
NURSING PRACTICE and a friend of Wald
Kaiserswerth School in Germany where Florence Nightingale Margaret Higgins Sanger founder of Planned Parenthood,
receivedrecieved her training in Nursing was imprisoned for opening the first birth control information
clinic in Baltimore
Harriet Tubman known as the “Moses of her people”for her
work with the Underground Railroad. During the american Mary Brechinridge established the Frontier nursing Service
civil war (1861-1865), took care of the sick.
DEFINITION OF NURSING
Soujerner Ttruth, abolitionist, Underground railroad agent,
Florence nightingale define nursing as the act of utilizing the
preacher, and womens rights advocate and took care of the
environment of the patient to assisst him in his recovery”.
sick during the civil war with Harriet Tubman
Nightingale considered a clean, well ventilated and quite
Dorothea Dix was the Union Superintendent of Female environment essential for recovery. She considered as the
Nurses during the Civil War first nursing theorist.
Elizabeth Kenney one of Australian nurse who fight for Virginia Henderson define nursing as the unique function of
poliomyelitis during the World War II the nurse is to assisst the individual, sick or well in the
performance of those activities contributing to health of its
Florence Nightingale founder of modern nursingnusing recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform
unaided ifunaidedif he had the necessary strengthstrenght,
Clara Barton organized the American Red Cross
will or knowledge, and to do this in such a way as to help
Linda Richards was the first American trainedtrianed nurse, him gain independent as rapidly as possible
known for introducting nurse’s note and doctor’s order.
1973 American Nurses Association define nursing as direct,
Pioneer of psychiatric nursing and industrial nursing
goal oriented, and adaptable to the needs of individual, the
Mary Mahoney was the first African American trainedtrianed family abd community during health and illness
nurse
1980 ANA change the definition into “Nursing is the
Lilian Wald founder of Public Health Nursin diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or
potential health problems
, Page | 2
Twitter: @nursehooman
Facebook: facebook.com/nurse.hooman
1995 most recent definition of nursing by ANA is Nursing is nurse also assesses client learning needs and readiness to
the protection, promotion and optimization of health and learn
abilitie, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of
suffering through the diagnosis and treament of human 4. Client Advocate protect the client, represent the client
response and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, needs and assissting in the client rights
communities and populations
5. Counselor helping the client to cope up with stressful
Consumers is an individual, group of people or a community psychologic or social problems to develop improved
that uses a service or commodity. Recipient of nursing is interpersonal relationships, and to promote personal growth.
sometimes called consumers, sometimes, patient, sometimes
6. Change Agent assistingassissting client to make
client.
modifications of his behavior
Patient comes from a Latinword patient means to suffer or to
7. Leader influence to other to achieve a specific goal
bear. Patient is a person who is waiting for or undergoing
medical treatment and care 8. Manager delegates activities to ancillary workers and other
nurses and supervices and evaluate their performance
Client who engages the advice of services of another who is
qualified to provide this service. Client is more preffered 9. Case Manager works with the multidisciplinary health care
term. team to measure the effectiveness of the case
managementcasemanagement plan and to monitor
SCOPE OF NURSING
outcomes
- Promoting health and Wellness
10. Research Consumer to improve client care
- Preventing Illness
- Restoring Health CRITERIA OF A PROFESSION
- Caring for the Dying
Profession has been deifned as an occupation that require
ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE NURSE extensive education or a calling that requires special
knowledge, skills\ and preparation.
1. Caregiver giving direct care for the client
Professionalism refers to professional character, spirit, or
2. Communicator to identify client problems, communication
methods, a set of attributes a way of life that implies
is the integral part to all nursing roles
responsibility and committment. Influence by Florence
3. Teacher, the nurse help client to learnot learn about their Nightingale
health and health care procedures they need to perform,
, Page | 3
Twitter: @nursehooman
Facebook: facebook.com/nurse.hooman
Professionalization is the process of becoming professional, Stage I NOVICE – No experienced, infelxible (nursing student)
that is, of acquiring characteristics considered to be perfomance is limited, governed by context-free rules and
professional regulations rather than experience
1. Specialized Education Satege II ADVANCE BEGINNERBEGGINER – Demonstrate
2. Body of Knowledge marginally acceptable performance, recognize the meaningful
3. Service Orietntation “aspects” of a real situation. Has experienced enough real
4. Ongoing research situation to make judgments about them
5. Code of Ethics
6. Autonomy Stage III COMPETENT – has 2-3 years of experience,
7. Professional Organization demonstrate organizational and planning abilities,
diffirentiate important factors from lessaspects of care.
EXPANDED CAREER ROLES FOR NURSES Coordinates multiple complex care demands
1. Nurse Practitioner employed in health care agencies Stage IV PROFICIENT – has 3 to 5 years of experience,
or community based setting percieves situation as wholes rather than in terms of parts, as
2. Clinical Nurse Specialist consider to be an expert in a in stage II. Uses maxims as guides, has holistic understanding
specialized area of practice of teh client which improves decision making. Focuses on
3. Nurse Anesthetist assist the anesthesiologist leng-term goal
4. Nurse Midwife assisst in prenatal, postnaltal care
and manages deliveries of normal deliveries Stage V EXPERT – performance is fluid, flexible, and highly
5. Nurse Researcher investigate nursing problem to proficient; no longer requires rules, guidelines, maxims,
improve nursing care and to refine expand nursing demonstrate highly skilled intuitive and analytic ability in new
knowledge situations, is inclined to take a certain action because “it felt
6. Nurse administrator manages client care, including right”
the delivery of nursing service
7. Nurse Educator employed in nursing program at
educational institutions, and in hospital staff
education
8. Nurse Entrepreneur manages health related
business
BENNERS STAGES OF NURSING EXPERTISE
Twitter: @nursehooman
Facebook: facebook.com/nurse.hooman
CHAPTER I
g
HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY OF Lavinia Dock a feminist, active in protest for womens right
NURSING PRACTICE and a friend of Wald
Kaiserswerth School in Germany where Florence Nightingale Margaret Higgins Sanger founder of Planned Parenthood,
receivedrecieved her training in Nursing was imprisoned for opening the first birth control information
clinic in Baltimore
Harriet Tubman known as the “Moses of her people”for her
work with the Underground Railroad. During the american Mary Brechinridge established the Frontier nursing Service
civil war (1861-1865), took care of the sick.
DEFINITION OF NURSING
Soujerner Ttruth, abolitionist, Underground railroad agent,
Florence nightingale define nursing as the act of utilizing the
preacher, and womens rights advocate and took care of the
environment of the patient to assisst him in his recovery”.
sick during the civil war with Harriet Tubman
Nightingale considered a clean, well ventilated and quite
Dorothea Dix was the Union Superintendent of Female environment essential for recovery. She considered as the
Nurses during the Civil War first nursing theorist.
Elizabeth Kenney one of Australian nurse who fight for Virginia Henderson define nursing as the unique function of
poliomyelitis during the World War II the nurse is to assisst the individual, sick or well in the
performance of those activities contributing to health of its
Florence Nightingale founder of modern nursingnusing recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform
unaided ifunaidedif he had the necessary strengthstrenght,
Clara Barton organized the American Red Cross
will or knowledge, and to do this in such a way as to help
Linda Richards was the first American trainedtrianed nurse, him gain independent as rapidly as possible
known for introducting nurse’s note and doctor’s order.
1973 American Nurses Association define nursing as direct,
Pioneer of psychiatric nursing and industrial nursing
goal oriented, and adaptable to the needs of individual, the
Mary Mahoney was the first African American trainedtrianed family abd community during health and illness
nurse
1980 ANA change the definition into “Nursing is the
Lilian Wald founder of Public Health Nursin diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or
potential health problems
, Page | 2
Twitter: @nursehooman
Facebook: facebook.com/nurse.hooman
1995 most recent definition of nursing by ANA is Nursing is nurse also assesses client learning needs and readiness to
the protection, promotion and optimization of health and learn
abilitie, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of
suffering through the diagnosis and treament of human 4. Client Advocate protect the client, represent the client
response and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, needs and assissting in the client rights
communities and populations
5. Counselor helping the client to cope up with stressful
Consumers is an individual, group of people or a community psychologic or social problems to develop improved
that uses a service or commodity. Recipient of nursing is interpersonal relationships, and to promote personal growth.
sometimes called consumers, sometimes, patient, sometimes
6. Change Agent assistingassissting client to make
client.
modifications of his behavior
Patient comes from a Latinword patient means to suffer or to
7. Leader influence to other to achieve a specific goal
bear. Patient is a person who is waiting for or undergoing
medical treatment and care 8. Manager delegates activities to ancillary workers and other
nurses and supervices and evaluate their performance
Client who engages the advice of services of another who is
qualified to provide this service. Client is more preffered 9. Case Manager works with the multidisciplinary health care
term. team to measure the effectiveness of the case
managementcasemanagement plan and to monitor
SCOPE OF NURSING
outcomes
- Promoting health and Wellness
10. Research Consumer to improve client care
- Preventing Illness
- Restoring Health CRITERIA OF A PROFESSION
- Caring for the Dying
Profession has been deifned as an occupation that require
ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE NURSE extensive education or a calling that requires special
knowledge, skills\ and preparation.
1. Caregiver giving direct care for the client
Professionalism refers to professional character, spirit, or
2. Communicator to identify client problems, communication
methods, a set of attributes a way of life that implies
is the integral part to all nursing roles
responsibility and committment. Influence by Florence
3. Teacher, the nurse help client to learnot learn about their Nightingale
health and health care procedures they need to perform,
, Page | 3
Twitter: @nursehooman
Facebook: facebook.com/nurse.hooman
Professionalization is the process of becoming professional, Stage I NOVICE – No experienced, infelxible (nursing student)
that is, of acquiring characteristics considered to be perfomance is limited, governed by context-free rules and
professional regulations rather than experience
1. Specialized Education Satege II ADVANCE BEGINNERBEGGINER – Demonstrate
2. Body of Knowledge marginally acceptable performance, recognize the meaningful
3. Service Orietntation “aspects” of a real situation. Has experienced enough real
4. Ongoing research situation to make judgments about them
5. Code of Ethics
6. Autonomy Stage III COMPETENT – has 2-3 years of experience,
7. Professional Organization demonstrate organizational and planning abilities,
diffirentiate important factors from lessaspects of care.
EXPANDED CAREER ROLES FOR NURSES Coordinates multiple complex care demands
1. Nurse Practitioner employed in health care agencies Stage IV PROFICIENT – has 3 to 5 years of experience,
or community based setting percieves situation as wholes rather than in terms of parts, as
2. Clinical Nurse Specialist consider to be an expert in a in stage II. Uses maxims as guides, has holistic understanding
specialized area of practice of teh client which improves decision making. Focuses on
3. Nurse Anesthetist assist the anesthesiologist leng-term goal
4. Nurse Midwife assisst in prenatal, postnaltal care
and manages deliveries of normal deliveries Stage V EXPERT – performance is fluid, flexible, and highly
5. Nurse Researcher investigate nursing problem to proficient; no longer requires rules, guidelines, maxims,
improve nursing care and to refine expand nursing demonstrate highly skilled intuitive and analytic ability in new
knowledge situations, is inclined to take a certain action because “it felt
6. Nurse administrator manages client care, including right”
the delivery of nursing service
7. Nurse Educator employed in nursing program at
educational institutions, and in hospital staff
education
8. Nurse Entrepreneur manages health related
business
BENNERS STAGES OF NURSING EXPERTISE
