GLOBAL INTERDEPENDENCE CASE STUDIES

1. Government's recommended aid % of GDP 0.7% 2. UK aid % of GDP 0.5% due to austerity measures 3. What charity worked in Mali? 4. How many peo- ple don't current- ly have access to clean water in Mali? Water aid UK NGO to get clean water, decent toilets and good hygiene, since 2001. 3.5 million 5. Mali geography Landlocked, arid, irregular rainfall - Political instability 6. Type of Mali aid NGO, development, bottom-up 7. Successes of Water Aid In Mali 8. Productivity in Mali - Theatre groups, games, art and storytelling - Citizen engagement with the government - Not capital intensive tech Every $1 invested in water and toilets returns an average of $4 in increased productivity 9. IMR in Mali 49 per 1000 to 28 per 1000 10. LE in Mali change 11. Issues of Wat- erAid in Mali 12. Debt-to-service Ratio in Mali 48 -- 59 years - Budget plans can fluctuate - Charity sector is challenging to employ - Little done to address the root causes - Reactive 41% 13. What project is based in Malaysia, nick- named the 'Aid for Arms'? 14. Type of aid in Malaysia 15. Strengths of Per- gua Dam Project 16. Issues with the tie of the Pergua Dam project? 17. IMF, Liberia and CCRT in West Africa type of aid 18. How much did the IMF donate to Ebola outbreak? 19. Recipient coun- tries in West Africa 20. How much was externally raised for the Ebola out- break? 21. When was the outbreak in West Africa? 22. Strengths of IMF The Pergau Dam Project, from the UK since 1994 - Bilateral - Tied aid - Underground power house - Second largest power station in Malaysia - Development aid ongoing - Sustainable economic development Political bargaining tool, 'Aid For Arms' It is a replicable event - Bilateral / multilateral - Emergency aid - Charitable aid $130 million - Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone - $166 million raised from members, private institutions etc. - WHO donated $459 million from 60 donors March 2014, the largest Ebola virus - Global scale organisation; first to provide to stricken countries - Global reach to facilitate use of financial and human power 23. Limitation of IMF - Received contributions half their initial fundraising tar- get, - Institutional lag - The initial delay in recognising the grav- ity of the epidemic and taking appropriate action shows - Re-active NOT pro-active aid. 24. Change in African dona- tions from 2021 to 2023 25. South Sudan hu- manitarian cost 26. UK donations to Ukraine 27. What % of world trade is made up of visible goods? 28. Rank of export- ing countries 29. China change in X value 30. Rank of import- ing countries Decline in $486 million 20,000-30,000 children suffering from malnutrition $100 million 25% 1. China 2. Germany 3. USA $1.1+ since 2017 1. USA 2. China 3. Germany 31. Trade of services - 2/3 GDP globally in terms of GDP and HDI - 3/4 of FDI in HDI - $6T globally 32. OPEC 12 exporting countries 33. Examples of lo- cational advan- tage 34. Neo colonialism country 35. What % of of developed coun- tries are PPD? 36. Examples of trade agreement stakeholders - London Thames - China coast of 14,500km China 13% - EU - USMCA - RCEP 37. RCEP stats - 14 Asian countries - 30% Global GDP (largest trade bloc) 38. Example of FDI $12 billion from China to Nigeria 39. Investment rank 1. China 2. US 3. UK 40. Quanzo Philip- ines Fairtrade 41. ECOOKIM fair- trade premium 42. Peak of Ja- maican tourists 43. Social positives of Jamaican Tourism - Coconuts was the product - Child malnourishment treated by education from the premium - 140,000 certified small scale cocoa farmers - 20 years ongoing - Supports women through training - 2 schools built 4.3 million (30% GDP) - enabled investment in infrastructure such as Kingston and Montego airports - Astra Country Inn = community tourism - 'Take a walk with a local' - Big Up Small Business, already training over 250 mi- crobusiness owners. 44. Social nega- tives of Ja- maican Tourism 45. Economic neg- atives of Ja- maican Tourism 46. Economic pos- itives of Ja- maican Tourism 47. Environmental positives of Jamaican Tourism 48. Environmental negatives of Jamaican Tourism - Violent crime and harassment - Hotels are part of larger chains, so they are subject to leakages - 25% unemployed during off season - Shooting incidents such as Montego Bay in May 2018 - Leakages - Air Jamaica has failed - Other industries may be neglected