Basic ECG Interpretation Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Arrhythmia(dysrhythmia): - ✔✔- don't shock!
- give meds (epinephrine)
- PEA (pulseless electrical activity)
PEA(pulseless electrical activity): - ✔✔No room for diastole
- pulse goes down
- Ex: cardiac tamponade(pressure on heart when fluid or blood build up between
myocardium & pericardium), infection
3 Life threatening dysrrhythmias: - ✔✔1. v-fib
2. v-tach
3. Torsade de Pointes
What is the shortest distance? - ✔✔SA node to the perkinje fibers
Diastole: ventricles ____ - ✔✔Relax
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,Systole: ventricles ____ - ✔✔contract
P-wave: - ✔✔atrial depolarization
- expect atrials to contract
QRS complex: - ✔✔ventricular depolarization
- expect ventricles to contract
T-wave: - ✔✔ventricular repolarization
SA(sinoatrial) node - ✔✔Dominant pacemaker of the heart, located in the upper portion
of the right atrium. Intrinsic rate: 60-100 bpm
Internodal pathway: - ✔✔Direct electrical impulses between SA and AV nodes
Bachman's Bundle: - ✔✔Direct electrical impulses from the SA node to the left atrium
Atrioventricular (AV) node: - ✔✔Part of the AV junctional tissue. Slows conduction,
creating a slight delay before impulses reach ventricles. Intrinsic rate: 40-60 bpm
Bundle of His: - ✔✔Transmits impulses to bundle branches. Located below AV node
Left Bundle branch - ✔✔Conducts impulses that lead to left ventricle
Right bundle branch - ✔✔conducts impulses that lead to right ventricle
Purkinje system: - ✔✔Network of fibers that spreads impulses rapidly throughout
ventricular walls. Located at terminal bundle branches. Intrinsic rate: 20-40 bpm
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
, CHronic A-fib: - ✔✔Coumadin QD
- check PT & INR
- doesn't help with rhythm
- helps prevent clots
As electricity goes down pathway, pulse... - ✔✔goes down
Purkinje fibers: - ✔✔Sarcomeres of heart have lots of branches to give mechanical
response
Sympathetic Nervous System: - ✔✔- fight or flight
- increase HR
- dilate pupils, inhibit saliva, dilate bronchi, inhibit peristalsis, convert glycogen to
glucose, secretion of adrenalin & noradrenaline, inhibit bladder contraction
Medications: epinephrine
Parasympathetic: - ✔✔- lower HR
- stimulates flow of saliva, constricts bronchi, stimulate peristalsis, stimulate release of
bile, constrict bile
Depolarization: - ✔✔the electrical charge of a cell is altered by a shift of electrolytes on
either side of the cell membrane. This change stimulates muscle fiber to contract
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Arrhythmia(dysrhythmia): - ✔✔- don't shock!
- give meds (epinephrine)
- PEA (pulseless electrical activity)
PEA(pulseless electrical activity): - ✔✔No room for diastole
- pulse goes down
- Ex: cardiac tamponade(pressure on heart when fluid or blood build up between
myocardium & pericardium), infection
3 Life threatening dysrrhythmias: - ✔✔1. v-fib
2. v-tach
3. Torsade de Pointes
What is the shortest distance? - ✔✔SA node to the perkinje fibers
Diastole: ventricles ____ - ✔✔Relax
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,Systole: ventricles ____ - ✔✔contract
P-wave: - ✔✔atrial depolarization
- expect atrials to contract
QRS complex: - ✔✔ventricular depolarization
- expect ventricles to contract
T-wave: - ✔✔ventricular repolarization
SA(sinoatrial) node - ✔✔Dominant pacemaker of the heart, located in the upper portion
of the right atrium. Intrinsic rate: 60-100 bpm
Internodal pathway: - ✔✔Direct electrical impulses between SA and AV nodes
Bachman's Bundle: - ✔✔Direct electrical impulses from the SA node to the left atrium
Atrioventricular (AV) node: - ✔✔Part of the AV junctional tissue. Slows conduction,
creating a slight delay before impulses reach ventricles. Intrinsic rate: 40-60 bpm
Bundle of His: - ✔✔Transmits impulses to bundle branches. Located below AV node
Left Bundle branch - ✔✔Conducts impulses that lead to left ventricle
Right bundle branch - ✔✔conducts impulses that lead to right ventricle
Purkinje system: - ✔✔Network of fibers that spreads impulses rapidly throughout
ventricular walls. Located at terminal bundle branches. Intrinsic rate: 20-40 bpm
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
, CHronic A-fib: - ✔✔Coumadin QD
- check PT & INR
- doesn't help with rhythm
- helps prevent clots
As electricity goes down pathway, pulse... - ✔✔goes down
Purkinje fibers: - ✔✔Sarcomeres of heart have lots of branches to give mechanical
response
Sympathetic Nervous System: - ✔✔- fight or flight
- increase HR
- dilate pupils, inhibit saliva, dilate bronchi, inhibit peristalsis, convert glycogen to
glucose, secretion of adrenalin & noradrenaline, inhibit bladder contraction
Medications: epinephrine
Parasympathetic: - ✔✔- lower HR
- stimulates flow of saliva, constricts bronchi, stimulate peristalsis, stimulate release of
bile, constrict bile
Depolarization: - ✔✔the electrical charge of a cell is altered by a shift of electrolytes on
either side of the cell membrane. This change stimulates muscle fiber to contract
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
