1. Which mineral is most important for oxygen transport in the
blood?
A. Zinc
B. Iron
C. Magnesium
D. Potassium
Answer: B. Iron
Rationale: Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which binds to
oxygen in red blood cells and transports it throughout the body.
2. Which vitamin is involved in the formation of red blood
cells and DNA synthesis?
A. Vitamin B6
B. Vitamin B9 (Folate)
C. Vitamin B1
D. Vitamin C
Answer: B. Vitamin B9 (Folate)
Rationale: Folate is essential for DNA synthesis and red blood cell
production, particularly important during pregnancy.
3. What is the primary source of sodium in the diet?
A. Fruits
B. Processed foods
C. Dairy products
D. Grains
Answer: B. Processed foods
Rationale: Processed foods are typically high in sodium, which is
used as a preservative and flavor enhancer.
4. What is the primary benefit of consuming whole grains over
refined grains?
A. More protein
B. Higher fiber content
C. Better flavor
D. Easier digestion
Answer: B. Higher fiber content
Rationale: Whole grains retain the bran and germ, providing more
, fiber, vitamins, and minerals compared to refined grains.
5. Which condition is caused by iodine deficiency?
A. Osteoporosis
B. Goiter
C. Rickets
D. Pellagra
Answer: B. Goiter
Rationale: Iodine is necessary for thyroid hormone production; its
deficiency can lead to thyroid gland enlargement, known as goiter.
6. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
Answer: B. Vitamin C
Rationale: Water-soluble vitamins, like vitamin C and the B
vitamins, dissolve in water and are not stored in large amounts in
the body.
7. Which of the following foods is high in omega-3 fatty acids?
A. Apples
B. Salmon
C. Rice
D. Chicken
Answer: B. Salmon
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fatty fish like salmon,
support heart health and reduce inflammation.
8. Which food is a good source of vitamin E?
A. Citrus fruits
B. Nuts and seeds
C. Lean meat
D. Dairy products
Answer: B. Nuts and seeds
Rationale: Vitamin E, found in nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils, acts
as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage.
blood?
A. Zinc
B. Iron
C. Magnesium
D. Potassium
Answer: B. Iron
Rationale: Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, which binds to
oxygen in red blood cells and transports it throughout the body.
2. Which vitamin is involved in the formation of red blood
cells and DNA synthesis?
A. Vitamin B6
B. Vitamin B9 (Folate)
C. Vitamin B1
D. Vitamin C
Answer: B. Vitamin B9 (Folate)
Rationale: Folate is essential for DNA synthesis and red blood cell
production, particularly important during pregnancy.
3. What is the primary source of sodium in the diet?
A. Fruits
B. Processed foods
C. Dairy products
D. Grains
Answer: B. Processed foods
Rationale: Processed foods are typically high in sodium, which is
used as a preservative and flavor enhancer.
4. What is the primary benefit of consuming whole grains over
refined grains?
A. More protein
B. Higher fiber content
C. Better flavor
D. Easier digestion
Answer: B. Higher fiber content
Rationale: Whole grains retain the bran and germ, providing more
, fiber, vitamins, and minerals compared to refined grains.
5. Which condition is caused by iodine deficiency?
A. Osteoporosis
B. Goiter
C. Rickets
D. Pellagra
Answer: B. Goiter
Rationale: Iodine is necessary for thyroid hormone production; its
deficiency can lead to thyroid gland enlargement, known as goiter.
6. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
Answer: B. Vitamin C
Rationale: Water-soluble vitamins, like vitamin C and the B
vitamins, dissolve in water and are not stored in large amounts in
the body.
7. Which of the following foods is high in omega-3 fatty acids?
A. Apples
B. Salmon
C. Rice
D. Chicken
Answer: B. Salmon
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fatty fish like salmon,
support heart health and reduce inflammation.
8. Which food is a good source of vitamin E?
A. Citrus fruits
B. Nuts and seeds
C. Lean meat
D. Dairy products
Answer: B. Nuts and seeds
Rationale: Vitamin E, found in nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils, acts
as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage.
